Communication & Play Skills

Nancy Nee, M.S.C.C.C.,SLP

Speech & Language MilestonesBy 1 Year

• Recognizes name • Says 2-3 words besides "mama" • and "dada" • Imitates familiar words • Understands simple instructions ex. “time

for bed”

Speech & Language Milestones

One – Two Years Old

One – Two Years Old

• Understands "no" • Uses 10 to 20 words, including names • Combines two words such as "daddy bye-bye" • Waves good-bye and plays pat-a-cake • Makes the "sounds" of familiar animals • Gives a toy when asked • Uses words such as "more" to make wants

known • Points to his or her toes, eyes, and nose • Brings object from another room when asked

One – Two Years old

Understands “no”

Uses 10 - 20 words

One – Two Years Old

Uses 2 words together

Bye bye Daddy

More milk!

Plays games like pat-a-cake”

One – Two Years Old

Makes animal noises

One - Two Years Old

Points to eyes, nose mouth

One - Two Years Old

Speech & Language MilestonesTwo-Three Years Old

• Identifies body parts • Carries on 'conversation' with self and dolls • Asks "what's that?" And "where's my?" • Uses 2-word negative phrases such as "no

want". • Forms some plurals by adding "s"; book, books • Has a 450 word vocabulary • Gives first name, holds up fingers to tell age • Combines nouns and verbs "mommy go" • Refers to self as "me" rather than by name

Identifies body parts

Two – Three Years Old

Two- Three Years Old

•Likes to hear same story repeated •Talks to other children as well as adults •Solves problems by talking instead of hitting or crying •Answers "where" questions •Names common pictures and things •Uses short sentences like "me want more" or "me want cookie" •Matches 3-4 colors, knows big and little • May say "no" when means "yes"

Two – Three Years Old

Talks to other children as well as adults

Two – Three Years Old

Likes to hear stories over and over

Speech & Language MilestonesFour-Five Years Old

• Has sentence length of 4-5 words • Uses past tense correctly • Has a vocabulary of nearly 1500 words • Points to colors red, blue, yellow and green • Identifies triangles, circles and squares • Understands "In the morning" , "next",

"noontime" • Can speak of imaginary conditions such as "I

hope" • Asks many questions, asks "who?" And "why?"

Uses approximately 1000 words!

Sentences may have 4-5 words

Speech & Language Milestones Three-Four Years Old

• Can tell a story • Has a sentence length of 4-5 words • Has a vocabulary of nearly 1000 words • Names some color • Understands "yesterday," "summer",

"lunchtime", "tonight", "little-big" • Begins to obey requests like "put the block

under the chair" • Knows his or her last name, name of street on

which he/she lives and several nursery rhymes

Knows last name, name of street and some nursery rhymes

John Doe

Main St.

Jack

and

Jill

Understands requests with location concepts

under

in on

Three – Four Years Old

Can tell a simple story

Indicators of Language Delay

• Poor Listening Skills

• Does not use age appropriate sentences

• Disorganized Conversation/Story Telling

• Word Finding/Vocabulary Recall Difficulties

• Social/Emotional Language Delays/Needs

Articulation Development

• Speech sounds are developmental in nature

• Some sounds do not develop until 8 years old

• Some children may mispronounce sounds and still be within “normal” limits

• If you or strangers can not understand 75% of your child’s speech, refer for a speech evaluation

Promoting Language and Speech Development

• Talk about things you see, things you do, places you go• Answer questions• Listen to your child• Read and talk about books• Tell stories together• Play games• Pretend • Model • Expand• Praise

Language & Speech Disorders

• Autism

• Selective Mutism

• Developmental Apraxia of Speech

• Phonological Disorders

• Language Delays

Let’s Play

Who wants to play with her?

I said sit down and

build!

Do I have to show you

how to play too!?!!

I SAID PLAY!

Don’t make me play with you!

Play Play Play

• Play should not look like work!

• Be engaging• Be an active

participant• Keep conversation

based on play themes• Save the quiz

questions for later

Choo Choo

All aboard

How to Engage a Learner

• Ask for a turn

• Just join in

• Play in area near a child

• Invite them

How to Keep the Learner Engaged

• Keep it fun• Vary your play (push

cars, race cars, build bridges, etc.)

• Vary your conversation

• Change toys/themes if they get bored

Again? Is she

for real?

This is so

much fun!

Simple Play

• Engage child• Play with materials as a

model• Prompt appropriate play

with hand over hand, gestures, etc. as needed

• Reinforce appropriate play

• Fade prompts as play becomes independent

Functional Play Skills

• Model how to use toys• Engage child in play

theme• Prompt appropriate play

and verbal responses• Expand play and verbal

responses with modeling and prompting

• Reinforce appropriate behaviors

• Fade prompts as play becomes independent

Representational Play• Set the stage

– Organize play materials according to theme

• Model the play scheme• Engage student with prompting

(i.e. hand over hand, verbal direction, etc.)

• Keep it going– Change actions, words, routines within

play theme– Add comments related to theme

throughout play

• Insert Drama– Use dramatic exaggerations in your

physical presentations and vocalizations

• Reinforce appropriate play and vocalizations

• Fade prompts as play becomes independent

Role Play

• Set the stage• Engage student by assigning

roles – When applicable allow

students to choose• Model appropriate play and roles

within theme• Prompt students to participate in

thematic play • Use scripting to initiate and

expand play in role• Reinforce appropriate play and

vocalizations• Fade prompts as play becomes

independent

Summary

• Remember to… – Have Fun– Be Positive– Talk about what you are doing– More Comments, Less Questions– Always use language the child can understand– Keep it simple– Model, Prompt, Fade– Expect more and you will get more

Special Thanks

• Plymouth Family Network

• Mt. Pleasant Preschool

• Roxanne Pitta