naming ionic compounds learning the language of chemistry

Naming Ionic Compounds

Learning the Language of Chemistry


Ionic Compounds are composed of two parts. Metal (Positive, Cation) Non-Metal (Negative, Anion)


There are two types of Ionic compounds:Binary Ionic Compounds

Two ions present (one metal and one non-metal)Ternary Ionic Compounds

Three or more elements (one metal and one polyatomic ion)

When combining ions to form an ionic compound it must have a net charge of ZERO!


Calcium and Oxygen Calcium has what

charge when it becomes an ion?

Oxygen has what charge when it becomes an ion?

What ratio will these two ions combine to form a compound? (Remember the charges must add up to equal zero!)

Ca2+ O2-

CaO

The charges cancel each other

out!

+2 + (-2) = 0


Barium and Nitrogen Barium has what


Nitrogen has what charge when it becomes an ion?


Ba2+ N3-

Ba3N2


out!

3(+2) + (2(-3)) = 0


When naming binary ionic compounds:

1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element

2. Second you name the anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending –ide


NaCl

CaCl2

Sr3N2

Sodium Chloride

Calcium Chloride

Strontium Nitride


Acetate- C2H3O2-

Nitrite- NO2-

Nitrate- NO3-

Silicate- SiO32-

Cyanide- CN-

Phosphate- PO43-

Phosphite- PO33-

Ammonium- NH4+

Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate- HCO3

-

Dichromate- Cr2O72-

Chromate- CrO42-

Carbonate- CO32-

Oxalate- C2O42-

Permanganate- MnO4-

Sulfate- SO42-

Sulfite- SO32-

Hydroxide- OH-

Hypochlorite- ClO-

Chlorite- ClO2-

Chlorate- ClO3-

Perchlorate- ClO4-


Barium and Nitrate Barium has what


Nitrate has what charge when it becomes an ion?


Ba2+ NO3-

Ba(NO3)2


out!

+2 + (2(-1)) = 0

We use () to keep the polyatomic together and show the number of nitrates present


When naming Ternary ionic compounds

1. You first name the cation (metal, positive), which is the same name as the element

2. Second you name the polyatomic anion (non-metal, negative) with the ending of either –ite or –ate (some polyatomics do end in –ide)


NaNO3

CaCO3

Ba(OH)2

Sodium nitrate

Calcium carbonate

Barium hydroxide


But what about those pesky transition metals?Those ions that have more than one

possible charge?We use Roman numerals to describe the

charge!Example: Iron (III) ion


Iron (III) oxide

Iron (II) oxide

Copper (II) nitrate

Fe2O3

FeO

Cu(NO3)2

naming ionic compounds learning the language of chemistry

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