Name: _____________________Period_____

Julius Caesar Anticipation Guide

In the space provided, write AGREE if you agree with the statement, or DISAGREE if you don’t.

_____________1. It is never right to kill another person.

_____________2. It is OK to betray your friends if you have a good reason.

_____________3. People should never compromise their ideals or beliefs.

_____________4. War must exist.

_____________5. In certain situations, it may be justified for a political leader to bend or break the law for the good of the country.

_____________6. If a political leader has done something wrong, it is alright to get rid of him/her by whatever means necessary.

_____________7. It is better to listen to the advice of peers than to listen to the advice of a spouse/family member.

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Julius Caesar’s Life

Directions: Read the biography of Julius Caesar found on the next three pages. As you read, identify one word that begins with each letter of the alphabet that is relevant (and important) to Julius Caesar and his life. For example, “Pompey” is a good “P” word, but “the” is not a good “T” word. Write your words on the Sequential Roundtable Alphabet chart.

After reading the entire biography and filling in all of the letters of the alphabet, use as many words from you alphabet chart as you can to summarize the biography. Write your 8-10 sentence summary on a separate sheet of paper.

The Sequential Roundtable Alphabet

A B C D

E F G H

I J K L

M N O P

Q R S T

U V W eX

Y Z

\

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Biography of Julius Caesar

Caesar, «SEE zuhr», Julius (100?-44 B.C.), was one of ancient Rome's greatest generals and statesmen. He became a brilliant military leader and helped make Rome the center of an empire that stretched across Europe. Caesar also won fame as an orator, politician, and writer. Caesar's victories in civil war helped him become dictator of the Roman people. But his power frightened many of his political opponents, and a group of them assassinated him.

Early life. Gaius Julius Caesar was born in Rome of an aristocratic family. At the age of 17, he married Cornelia, the daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna. Cinna had been an associate of Gaius Marius, a great popular leader. Lucius Sulla, the aristocratic dictator of Rome, ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia. But Caesar refused to do so, so he was exiled. He then went to Greece to study philosophy and oratory. Sulla later pardoned Caesar, and he returned to Rome. Caesar and Cornelia had a daughter, Julia. Cornelia died about 68 B.C.

Caesar became increasingly interested in public affairs, and tried to gain the favor of the people. In 65 B.C., he was elected to the office of aedile and organized public games. He won favor because he spent much money to provide recreation for the people, although he went heavily into debt to do so. In 62 B.C., Caesar became praetor, the office next in rank to consul.

Alliance with Pompey. Catiline, a dissatisfied Roman politician, plotted a revolt. In breaking up this plot, leading aristocrats sought to disgrace the entire group of popular leaders, including Caesar But they failed to hurt his political prospects.

About 60 B.C., Caesar allied himself with Marcus Licinius Crassus and Gnaeus Pompey in the First Triumvirate, an alliance that held considerable power in Rome. Crassus was a man of enormous wealth and political ambition. Pompey had returned from Asia Minor in 62 B.C. as a great military leader and the idol of the people. The three gained a major victory when, through violence and bribery, Caesar was elected a consul in 59 B.C. He used force to push through the triumvirate's program, and won the hatred of the conservatives. He was awarded the post of proconsul of three provinces north of Italy. In 59 B.C., Caesar married Calpurnia, daughter of Lucius Piso of Rome. Also that year, Pompey married Caesar's daughter, Julia.

Campaigns in Gaul. By training, Caesar was a politician rather than a soldier. But he knew he needed military victories to gain greater fame. In 58 B.C., Caesar began a campaign to conquer Gaul (now mainly France). It soon became clear that he was a military genius. During his nine years in Gaul, Caesar lost only two battles in which he personally took part. He conquered all territory east to the Rhine River, drove the Germans out of Gaul, and crossed the Rhine to show them the might of Rome. He also invaded Britain twice, in 55 and 54 B.C.

Civil war. Although great public thanksgiving celebrations were held in Rome for his victories, not everyone rejoiced over Caesar's conquests. Pompey became alarmed at Caesar's success. Pompey's growing suspicions of Caesar threw him into an alliance with the conservatives. In 49 B.C., the conservatives ordered Caesar to give up his army.

Caesar had no intention of surrendering his army and leaving himself defenseless. He led 5,000 soldiers across the Rubicon, a stream that separated his provinces from Italy. After this hostile act, there was no

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turning back. Caesar had provoked, or had been provoked into, a civil war. As Caesar dashed south, he met little opposition. Pompey's troops surrendered, forcing Pompey to flee to the Balkans. The conservatives who had ordered Caesar to give up his army fled with Pompey.

Within 60 days, Caesar became master of Italy. But it took him nearly five years to complete the conquest of Pompey and his followers. In 49 B.C., Caesar had himself appointed dictator and consul. He met Pompey's army in Greece where, at Pharsalus in 48 B.C., he defeated Pompey's forces. Pompey escaped to Egypt. Caesar followed Pompey to Egypt and found that his enemy had been murdered. There, Caesar met Queen Cleopatra.

Last victories. Before returning to Rome, Caesar won the war he fought to make Cleopatra ruler of Egypt. He later brought her to Rome. Caesar won his next victory in 47 B.C., over Pharnaces II, King of Pontus. Veni, vidi, vici ("I came, I saw, I conquered") was Caesar's brief but meaningful dispatch to the Roman Senate, reporting this victory at Zela in what is now northwestern Turkey.

Pompey's forces reorganized after the death of their leader. But, in 46 B.C., at Thapsus in northern Africa, Caesar defeated them decisively. Cato the Younger, one of Pompey's supporters, killed himself when he heard of the defeat. In 45 B.C. at Munda, in Spain, Caesar defeated the two sons of Pompey. This was his last battle.

Caesar had now become undisputed master of the Roman world. He pardoned the followers of Pompey. The people honored Caesar for his leadership and triumphs by granting him the powers of dictator for 10 years. Later, he was made dictator for life. At a public festival, Mark Antony tested popular feeling by offering Caesar the crown of a king. Because the Romans hated kings, Caesar refused the crown.

Assassination. Even though Caesar refused the crown, many Romans suspected that he intended to make himself king someday. Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius, both of whom Caesar had pardoned after the battle of Pharsalus, led a group of aristocrats in a plot to kill the dictator. On March 15 (the Ides of March), 44 B.C., they stabbed Caesar to death as he entered a Senate meeting. He received more than 20 wounds from men who had accepted his favors and who he had believed were his friends. In Shakespeare's play Julius Caesar, Mark Antony uses all of the persuasive techniques of logos, ethos, and pathos when he says at the funeral of Caesar:

You all did see that on the Lupercal Logos: facts, reasonI thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Pathos: loaded wordsYet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honorable man . I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, Ethos: trustBut here I am to speak what I do know.

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Works Cited

Wikipedia contributors. "Julius Caesar." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free

Encyclopedia, 3 Mar. 2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.

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Literary Terms

Directions: Write a definition of each literary term below. You will need to apply these definitions during our unit on The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. The definitions can be found in the back of your literature book (995-1006).

1. Anachronism:

2. Antagonist (look under protagonist):

3. Aside

4. Blank verse

5. Climax (look under plot):

6. Conflict:

7. Drama:

8. Dramatic Irony (look under irony):

9. Foreshadowing:

10: Iamb (look under meter):

11. Iambic pentameter:

12. Imagery:

13. Metaphor:

14. Meter

15. Poetry:

16. Protagonist:

17. Pun:

18. Rhythm:

19. Setting:

20. Simile:

21. Situational Irony:

22. Soliloquy:

23. Suspense:

24. Symbol:

25. Theme:

26. Tragedy:

27. Tragic flaw:

28. Verbal irony:

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Notes on William Shakespeare and Julius Caesar

I. Shakespeare’s Life

A. Born: ___________________ Died: ____________________

He died almost ___________________ years ago.

B. Born in __________________________________ in

Warwickshire in the country of _________________________

C. Regarded as “___________________________________”

D. Wrote _____________ plays in ________________ years and

Numerous __________________________

E. Better than any other writer before him because he understood _____________________

____________________

F. Lived during the _____________________ (1350-1600)

1. Time of ________________________ in Europe

2. When Europe made the first expeditions to the ___________________

___________________

3. ____________________________ advanced and the ____________________

flourished

4. Ancient ____________________ and __________________ were being rediscovered

by archeologists

G. Lived during __________________ ___________________ Reign (1558 –1603)

1. ____________________ became very powerful

2. People knew little about life in ancient _____________; therefore details of

_______________________ life are mixed in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar

H. Family life

1. Married ___________ ________________

2. Father of _______________ children ______________, ___________________,

and _______________

I. Actor and playwright at the age of ___________

1. Wrote four types of plays:

_______________________, __________________, ___________________,

and _________________7

2. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is _________________ that is bases on

__________________

3. His plays were performed in three theaters most often the ______________________.

4. _______________________ watched the plays from the ground, not seats in the

theater

5. _____________________ played female roles in his plays.

6. _____________________ is one of the first plays to be performed in the U.S.

II. Shakespearean Conventions

A. A convention is an ___________________ between the artist and the audience.

B. _________________________: character speaks alone on stage, used to convey

character’s thoughts and feeling directly to the audience.

C. ______________________: remarks made by characters to audience or another

character on stage; not meant to be heard by other characters on stage.

D. ____________________: when characters speak in poetry

E. ____________________: when characters speak in regular sentences that form

paragraphs

1. __________________: unit of rhythm in poetry where one unstressed syllable is

followed by a stressed one

(U I)

2. ____________________ _____________________:

unrhymed poetry with five iambs to a line. Also known as _____________________

____________________

III. Shakespeare’s Dramatic Structure

A. his plays have a definite _____________________.

Act III _________________

Act II __________________ ________________ Act IV

Act I _______________ ______________ Act V

B. A tragedy must have a figure of high status with a

______________ ______________ in his/her personality

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C. This tragic hero is a ____________________________

_________________________________________________

D. ________________ and _________________ are tragic characters.

IV. Historical background of The Tragedy of Julius Cesar

A. Takes place in ______________ in ___________ Century B.C.

B. Play based on the book ____________________________

C. Play is more than a collection of facts; it is a _______________________ and

___________________ of history

Timeline to Remember Throughout the Unit:

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Fun with Puns

A pun is a play on words. It is the usually humorous use of a word in such a way as to suggest two or more of its meanings, or the meaning of another word similar in sound.

For example: During the recent near-hurricane in New York, a business man looked out of his window and remarked, “It’s raining cats and dogs today.” “I know,” said his partner, “I just stepped into a poodle!” (Get it—--poodle/puddle? )

1. Let’s start with an easy one from advertising. Have you ever heard the radio commercial for the company The Glass Doctor? It goes: “Call The Glass Doctor; we’ll fix your panes.” Explain the pun here:

2. Read the comic below and explain the pun:

3. Have you seen the Spongebob Squarepants episode called “Frankendoodle”? It’s the one where Spongebob has to battle his evil, messily drawn twin. There are many puns in this episode, here are two:a. “Well, Doodle, it looks like this is a draw.”b. “You’ve made your point.”Explain pun here:_________________________________________________________

4. Have you ever watched Disney’s Aladdin? Most of the kiddie humor comes in the form of puns. See how many puns you can catch in this video clip. __________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________

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Now it’s your turn. Complete the rest of the handout on your own.

5. Even string cheese sticks have puns on the packages to entertain the kids as they eat. These puns are in the form of riddles. Can you figure these out?

First example: “What has a thousand ears but can’t hear? – a cornfield.Explain:

Second example: “What kind of bank has no money?” – a river bank.Explain:

Third example: “What kind of phone never rings?” – a saxophone.Explain:

Now for the hard part. Turn to your literature book, pg. 777, and see if you can find at least three puns at the beginning of the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar.

First example quote: “____________________________________________” line #____

Explain the pun here:

2nd example quote: “____________________________________________” line #____

Explain the pun here:

3rd example quote: “____________________________________________” line #____

Explain the pun here:

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The Tragedy of Julius CaesarAct I Study Guide Questions

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Remember to restate the question, give an example from the play, and write in complete sentences.

1. How do the common people (the carpenter and cobbler) feel about Caesar?2. How do the noble men, Marullus and Flavius, feel about Caesar?3. The noble men can’t believe the commoners have so quickly forgotten about the previous great leader

who Caesar defeated in battle. Who was he? 4. What do Marullus and Flavius plan to do with Caesar’s statues? Why?5. What two events are the people celebrating on this day?6. What is the date (month, day, and year) of this first scene of the play?7. In scene ii, the superstitious side of the people is shown when Caesar asks his wife Calphurnia to stand so

that Marc Antony can touch her when he runs by. Why does he ask her to do this?8. There is foreshadowing in this scene. Who warns Caesar? What does he say? What does this mean?9. How does Caesar react to this warning?10. In line 46 of scene ii, Brutus says he is at war with himself. This is the main conflict of Act I. What is

Brutus struggling with in his mind?11. In the early part of scene ii, Cassius attempts to get Brutus to join the conspiracy against Caesar. Why

doesn’t Cassius just ask Brutus directly?12. What three events does Cassius list to Brutus that shows Caesar to be merely a man; not a god?13. What does Cassius’s quote in lines 139-141 mean?14. Read lines 154-161. How does Cassius persuade Brutus to feel guilty and consider it his duty to get rid of

Caesar before he is crowned King?15. What does Caesar’s quote in lines 194-195 mean?16. Casca explains what happened while Cassius and Brutus were off talking. What happened with Caesar?17. What two physical handicaps do we learn Caesar has in scene ii?18. What does Casca’s quote, “It was Greek to me,” on line 284 mean?19. What has happened to Marullus and Flavius?20. In his soliloquy at the end of scene ii, what does Cassius reveal that he will do?21. What end result do you think Cassius hopes to achieve?22. Scene iii takes place almost one month after scene ii. It is a very late and very stormy night on the

evening of March 14, 44 B.C. Why do you think Shakespeare uses this type of weather here?23. In this scene, what strange occurrences are Casca and Cassius discussing?24. In scene iii, Cassius sounds out Casca about joining the conspiracy, just as he has Brutus earlier in the

play. How is his approach different with Casca than it was when he approached Brutus?25. Cassius has had one month since the play began to get others to join his conspiracy. He has also given

whom one month to consider joining?

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The Tragedy of Julius CaesarAct II Study Guide Questions

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Remember to restate the question, give an example from the play, and write in complete sentences.

1. As Brutus begins his soliloquy in Scene I, it is clear he has already decided that Caesar must die. What reasons does he give for his decision?

2. At the end of Brutus’ soliloquy on p. 799, he uses a simile to describe Caesar. What is that simile, and what does it mean?

3. After reading the forged letters, Brutus feels it is his duty to get rid of Caesar just like his ancestors did to which tyrannical king out of Rome?

4. All of the conspirators secretly meet. List all eight conspirators. (You do not need to write in complete sentences for this question.)

5. When and where do the conspirators decide to kill Caesar?6. Why does Brutus believe that there is no need to swear an oath between them?7. During their meeting, what two changes does Brutus make to the plans of the conspirators?8. Read page 804. What are augurers?9. Portia appears at the end of scene I; and she wants to know why Brutus is meeting so late at night

with cloaked men. Does Brutus tell her? Why/Why not?10. What kind of relationship do you think they have? Was it a typical relationship of the time?11. What does Portia do to her own body to show her devotion to Brutus?12. In Scene ii, Calpurnia begs her husband to not go to the Capitol. Why is she so upset?13. After reading Caesar’s quote on lines 32-33, what impression do you get of him?14. To make his wife happy, what does Caesar agree to do?15. Both Portia and Calpurnia try to exert influence on their husbands. How do their methods differ?16. Decius, one of the conspirators, enters to make sure Caesar gets to the Capitol. How does he

reinterpret Calpurnia’s dream?17. What does Caesar now decide to do? What does Decius tell him will happen at the Capitol?18. Why do all of the conspirators walk Caesar to the Capitol?19. What does Trebonius’ aside on lines 124-125 mean?20. Dramatic irony occurs when the audience knows something that a character in the play does not

know. What is the example of dramatic irony in this scene?21. In scene iii, what does Artemidorus, a teacher, write a note to Caesar telling him what?22. How will he get the letter to Caesar?23. In scene iv, Portia is very upset because she has found out what is going to happen to Caesar.

How do you think she found out about the conspiracy?24. Portia talks to the soothsayer who will try to do what as Caesar passes by?

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The Tragedy of Julius CaesarAct III Study Guide Questions

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Remember to restate the question, give an example from the play, and write in complete sentences.

1. What happens to Artemidorus and the soothsayer as the both try to warn Caesar?2. Why doesn’t Caesar pay attention to the warnings given to him?3. In order to get close enough to Caesar to be able to stab him, the conspirators gather around Metellus

Cimber as he pleas for a favor. What favor is that?4. This shows all the senators in attendance at the Capitol that Caesar is bad for Rome because of what he

replies to Metellus Cimber. What does Caesar tell him?5. In fact, what does Caesar compare himself to in the simile on lines 60-62?6. Now that the senators have made Caesar look like a tyrant, who stabs Caesar first? What does he say

before he stabs Caesar? What does it mean?7. Who stabs Caesar last? What are Caesar’s final words? What do they mean?8. Where has Antony fled? Why? 9. Who does Antony send to see the conspirators to make sure it is safe to meet with them?10. What impression does Antony wish to give the conspirators? 11. What does Antony do with the conspirators to show them that he agrees with what they did to Caesar?

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The Tragedy of Julius CaesarAct IV Study Guide Questions

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Remember to restate the question, give an example from the play, and write in complete sentences.

1. Seven months have now passed. How does each of the members of the new triumvirate (the three leaders) of Rome behave in scene i?

2. Contrast between the Antony in Act III and the Antony in Act IV. How is he different?3. What does Antony want to do by the end of the scene?4. Cassius is upset because Brutus condemned a man for taking bribes even though Cassius wrote

letters defending the man. What does Brutus accuse Cassius of doing?5. In scene iii, the men decide to continue their argument in private. What does Brutus tell Cassius

to remember?6. How do you think Brutus is feeling about Caesar’s murder?7. Now the argument turns soap-opera-like as Brutus accuses Cassius of denying him something.

What?8. Finally, Cassius opens his shirt and tells Brutus to do what?9. What does this argument foreshadow? Why?10. How would you characterize their relationship at this point of the play?11. Brutus ends the argument by telling Cassius about Portia. What happened to her? Why did she

do it?12. How does Brutus feel about his wife’s death? Why does he not show it on the outside?13. Where do we learn that Antony and Octavius’s armies are headed?14. What does Brutus want to do next?15. What does Cassius want to do? Why?16. Cassius gives in to Brutus here as he has done throughout the play. Why does he do this? 17. The two men say goodnight and vow that they will never again do what?18. In his tent, Brutus starts to fall asleep and sees a ghost. What does this ghost say?19. What does this symbolize to Brutus?20. What does it foreshadow for the audience?21. Do you think Brutus is dreaming or do you think he really sees a ghost? Why?22. The act ends with Brutus commanding his men to go tell Cassius to do what?

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The Tragedy of Julius CaesarAct V Study Guide Questions

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Remember to restate the question, give an example from the play, and write in complete sentences.

1. It is now about nine months later in 42 B.C.; where does this act take place?2. What are Antony and Octavius arguing about at the beginning of scene i?3. Who wins and gets away?4. The four enemies talk before they fight. How does each of the four men behave?

a. Brutusb. Cassiusc. Antonyd. Octavius

5. What has united the two men on each side?6. What important day is it for Cassius?7. What types of birds did Cassius see flying overhead in Sardis? What types of birds does he see

now in Philippi? What does this foreshadow?8. What does Brutus says he would rather do, than be captured by the enemy and be dragged

through the streets of Rome? What does this foreshadow?9. Why do you think that Brutus and Cassius both bid “farewell” and “if we do not meet again”

before the battle?10. Which of the four men seems most in control of his emotions at this point? Why?11. What does the audience learn in scene ii?12. In scene iii, Titinius claims that Brutus made what error? 13. This error leaves Cassius’s troops open to be surrounded by whose army?14. What has Antony done to Cassius’s tents?15. Where has Cassius gone to be safe?16. Why does Cassius send Titinius ahead on horseback?17. Pindarus, Cassius’s slave, watches Titinius ride ahead. What does he tell Cassius he sees?18. What does Cassius assume has happened to Titinius?19. What does Cassius assume will happen in the war?20. What does Cassius ask Pindarus to do?21. What is ironic about the weapon that Pindarus uses?22. We learn that Titinius is actually celebrating with Brutus’s troops. What does Messala say they

were celebrating?23. What does Titinius do because he feels guilty about Cassius’s death?24. When Brutus sees the two dead bodies, he is saddened but determined to do what? Why?25. In scene iv, Antony’s troops capture Brutus but realize that it is someone who has disguised

himself to look like Brutus to distract Antony? Who is it, and what does Antony do to him?26. What does Brutus mean when he says, “I know my hour is come,” on line 20?27. What does Brutus have Strato do?28. As Antony and Octavius find Brutus’ dead body, they know they have won. What does Octavius

say he will do to Cassius and Brutus’s troops?

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29. What does Antony call Brutus? Why?30. Showing mercy, what does Octavius say he will do with Brutus’s dead body?31. The Greek philosopher, Aristotle, defined a tragic hero as a person more noble than evil, whose

fortunes go from good to bad. Which character in the play is the BEST example of a tragic hero?

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Shakespeare’s use of Literary Devices in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar

Devices Examples

Contrasting Worlds

Rise of One Person at the Expense of Another

Disguise and Deceptions

The Supernatural

Redemption /Reconciliation

Disorder Yields to Order

Comic Relief Scene

Parallel Characters

Eavesdropping

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ReviewThe Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Shakespeare, and the Globe

Know the following: 1. When did Julius Caesar live?2. When did Shakespeare live? and die?3. What is the name of the era in England during Shakespeare’s life?4. Who played women’s roles in the theater?5. What is a soliloquy and who did/did not speak them in the play?6. What is an aside, and why it is used?7. What type of play is Julius Caesar classified as?8. What is a tragic hero?9. How does the play begin?10. How long Brutus has been concerned about Caesars faults.11. Who wants/does not want Antony killed?12. What is iambic pentameter? What is it called when it doesn’t rhyme?13. What Antony intended with his speech to the people?14. Who was “the noblest Roman of them all”?15. Who warned Caesar about his doom and how?16. What did Caesar leave in his will, and to whom?17. Who was the first to stab Caesar?18. Who did/didn’t want Antony to speak to the people?19. How does Portia die? Why does she do this?20. How does Cassius die? Why does he do this?21. How does Brutus die? Why does he do this?22. Why does Brutus join the conspiracy?23. Why does Caesar go to the capitol?24. What two changes to the conspirators’ original plans are made and by whom?25. When does the play begin?26. When is the Ides of March?27. Who is “fickle”? Why?(a group of people)28. Why does Cassius want Brutus in the conspiracy?29. What is Brutus’ inner conflict?30. What are the reasons for the conspirators’ success?31. What foreshadows Brutus and Cassius’ defeat?32. Central theme?33. Brutus addresses the crowd based on what? Antony addressed them based on what?34. Whose ghost visits whom?35. Who is in the new triumvirate?36. Give some examples of foreshadowing.37. Who speaks in soliloquies? (there are three)

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Quotes to know. Who spoke them and, where applicable, who is the quote referring to?1. “O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth,/That I am meek and gentle with these butchers.”

2. “Speak, hands, for me!”

3. “Beware the Ides of March.”

4. “Caesar, all hail! Good morrow, worthy Caesar./I come to fetch you to the Senate-house.”

5. “Men at some time are masters of their fates; the fault, dear Brutus, is not in our starts, but in

ourselves, that we are underlings.”

6. “And Brutus is an honorable man.”

7. “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.”

8. “Cowards die many times before their deaths, the valiant never taste of death but once.”

9. “If I could pray to move, prayers would move me./But I am constant as the northern star, Of whose

true-fix’d and resting quality/There is no fellow in the firmament.”

10. “Et tu, Brute?”

11. “Romans, countrymen, and lovers! Hear me for my cause, and be silent, that you may hear.”

12. “To tell thee thou shalt see me at Philippi.”

13. “Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.”

14. “This was the noblest Roman of them all. All the conspirators, save only he, did that they did in

envy of great Caesar.”

15. “Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look.”

16. “It was Greek to me.”

17. “Thou are the ruins of the noblest man that ever lived the tide of times.”

18. “Shall in the confines with a monarch’s voice cry “Havoc” and let slip the dogs of war.”

19. “Friends, I owe more tears to this dead man than you shall ever see me pay.”

20. “So call the field to rest, and let’s away/To part the glories of this happy day.”

21. “Dwell I but in the suburbs of your good pleasure? If it be no more, ______ is ______’s harlot,

not his wife.”

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