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Page 1: Name: Treetop Resort TREETOP RESORT BIOME …teacher.scholastic.com/scholasticnews/magazines/scienceworld/pdfs/... · Treetop Resort Every year up to 3 ... would you expect to have

Permission granted by Science World to reproduce for classroom use only. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc.

M A P - R E A D I N G S K I L L S

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Treetop ResortEvery year up to 3 billion birds—more than 300 different species—migrate to the boreal forest to breed, or reproduce. Study the map below showing the spring migration routes of four species of birds. Then, use com-plete sentences to answer the questions that follow.

1. Which bird begins its northward journey from the Dominican Republic?

2. How many U.S. states does the whooping crane fly through before reaching the boreal forest?

3. Which birds’ migration routes are located entirely west of the Mississippi River?

4. If you were on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean in late spring, which bird might you spot in the sky?

TAKE IT FURTHER:Research to find some other birds that migrate to the boreal forest. Then, choose one and sketch its approximate migratory route on this map. For help, visit: www.borealforest.org/world/birds.htm.

LESSON PLANS

Supplement to Science World, March 27, 2006

Dear Teacher:Take a trip to the world’s major terrestrial biomes—without ever leaving the comfort of

your classroom. How? Explore Science World’s latest poster “The World’s Biomes.” There’s loads to discover. To help your students understand how each biome is different

from the others, have them study the map and the biomes on the poster front. Then, challengethem to complete the curriculum-rich skills pages on the back of the poster.

We hope you and your students enjoy this biome tour! As always, we welcome yourcomments and suggestions.

—The Editors, Science WorldScholastic Inc.557 Broadway, 4th FloorNew York, NY 10012-3999e-mail: [email protected]

POSTER SKILLS PAGESCHART-READING SKILLS (1) Biome Survival: Part IHave your students study this chart so they can discover the variety of adaptations that helpanimals and plants survive in each biome.

CHART-READING SKILLS (2) Biome Survival: Part IIAfter your students have read the chart (Biome Survival: Part I), test their comprehensionwith this multiple-choice quiz.

MAP-READING SKILLS Treetop ResortTo help students understand how birds migrate to the boreal forest to breed, have themexamine this map. Then, have students answer the follow-up questions.

GRAPH AND CHART-READING SKILLS What’s the Weather?Have students study this data table showing the average rainfall and temperature for eachmonth of the year in a particular biome. Then, have students use the data to make graphs andanswer follow-up questions.

MATH SKILLS Carbon CleanupHave students study this chart showing the amount of carbon dioxide that gets produced whencertain appliances are used. Then, with the help of a given equation, students can calculate thenumber of trees needed to absorb the released carbon dioxide.

VOCABULARY BUILDER Worldly WordsAfter your students have studied the front and back of this poster, test their biome vocabularywith the crossword puzzle.

For Science World subscription information, call toll-free:1-800-SCHOLASTIC or visit www.scholastic.com/scienceworld

C H A R T - R E A D I N G S K I L L S ( 1 )

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Answers in key at bottom left of poster.

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C H A R T - R E A D I N G S K I L L S ( 2 ) M A P - R E A D I N G S K I L L S

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Answers in key at bottom left of poster.

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Biome Survival: Part II1. c 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. d 6. b 7. a 8. b 9. c 10. b

Treetop Resort1. The Cape May warbler begins its northward journey fromthe Dominican Republic.2. The whooping crane flies through six U.S. states beforereaching the boreal forest.3. The migration routes of the Pacific loon and the whoop-ing crane are located entirely west of the Mississippi River.4. You might spot a Hudsonian godwit in the sky.

What’s the Weather?Graph It!

Sort It Out1. March; 262 millimeters2. 151 millimeters 3. Rain forests have the highest rainfall throughout the year.The rain forest can receive up to 2.5 meters of rain a year. 4. 0.5°C5. rain forest

Carbon Cleanup

1. refrigerator, central air-conditioning, 2. central air-conditioning, 1,256 kg3. 1,999 kg, approximately 182 trees

Worldly Words1. Adaptation 2. Biome 3. Permafrost 4. Camouflage5. Equator 6. Climate 7. Hibernate 8. Carbon9. Savannas 10. Boreal 11. Deciduous 12. Migrate13. Arctic 14. WinterBonus: a. North b. Wind

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V O C A B U L A R Y B U I L D E R

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WORLDLY WORDSThe front and back of this poster are filled with vocabulary words. Use them to solve the clues below andcomplete the crossword puzzle. Then, unscramble the letters in the parentheses to spell out the bonus words.

We want to thank Colby Loucks, senior conservation spe-cialist at World Wildlife Fund (WWF) for help in reviewingthis poster. For more about his research and about WWF,visit: www.worldwildlife.org/science/staff/colby_l.cfmThis NASA site has well-organized information on landbiomes. The site also includes two “missions,” which chal-lenge students to investigate the climate and plant life ofdifferent biomes. Visit:http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Laboratory/Biome/On this Web site, students perform Internet research anduse compare-contrast diagrams to understand what makesvarious biomes unique: www.manatee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/palmasola/

5thbiomecov.htmUse climographs to learn more about the climate ofselected biomes. Check out: www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/

msese/earthsysflr/biomes.htmlTake an online tour of some of Africa’s biomes, includingsavannas, rain forests, and desert regions. You’ll discoverthe ecology and culture that makes each place distinct, at:www.pbs.org/wnet/africa/explore/index_flash.htmlDid you know that a giraffe’s tongue can be as long as 53centimeters (21 inches)? Discover other fun facts about the

animals living in the African savannas, at:http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/

AfricanSavanna/afsavfact.cfmInterested in aquatic biomes? Check out this MissouriBotanical Garden site, which includes descriptions of bothfreshwater and marine biomes:http://mbgnet.mobot.org/sets/ To learn more about the world’s desert biomes and what ittakes to survive in these dry regions, go to:www.livingdesert.org/deserts/default.aspThis educational site explores five biomes, and includessubdivisions within each biome. For instance, there arefour distinct regions within the desert biome:www.worldbiomes.com/This site from World Wildlife Fund (WWF) includes thecommon and scientific names for plants and animals foundin the boreal forest:www.wwf.ca/satellite/wwfkids/Boreal/Default.aspTake a virtual tour of life in the boreal forest by clicking onphotos with accompanying text at this Natural ResourcesDefense Council site:www.nrdc.org/land/forests/boreal/page1.asp

R E S O U R C E S

A N S W E R S T O S K I L L S P A G E S

G R A P H A N D C H A R T - R E A D I N G S K I L L S

WHAT’S THE WEATHER? CARBON CLEANUP

Answers in key at bottom left of poster.

Every year up to 3 billion birds—more than 300 different species—migrate to the boreal forest to breed, orreproduce. Study the map below showing the spring migration routes of four species of birds. Then, usecomplete sentences to answer the questions that follow.

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To get a snapshot of a biome’s climate, scientists createclimographs, or graphs that show the area’s average precipita-tion and temperature for every month of the year.

Below is a data table showing the average monthly rainfalland temperature for a particular biome. Use the data to createclimographs. Then, answer the questions to figure out whichbiome these data represent.

Graph It!Using the data table (above), make two line graphs:one showing the average temperature for eachmonth, and the other showing the average rainfallfor each month. Label the x- and y-axes.

Sort It Out1. Review your two graphs. In which month doesthis biome receive the most rainfall? How much?

2. Using the data table, calculate the average yearlyrainfall. Hint: Add up the monthly rainfall amounts,and divide that total by 12.

3. Which biome—rain forest, desert, or tundra—would you expect to have the highest rainfallthroughout the year?

4. Using the data table, calculate the differencebetween the average temperature in July and theaverage temperature in January.

5. Which biome—rain forest, desert, or tundra—best fits with the data and your climographs?

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Answers in key at bottom left of poster.

1. Which household appliances require more than 40trees to offset the carbon dioxide that is producedfrom powering each?

2. The use of which home appliance would cause themost carbon dioxide to be produced? How much?

3. Suppose a household used all of the appliances onthe data table. What is the total amount of carbondioxide produced in one year from using the appli-ances? How many trees would it take to absorb thatamount?

BIOME SURVIVAL: PART IEach biome has a unique climate. So each biome’s plants and animals have developed a variety of adap-tations, or traits that help them survive in their environment. Study the chart below to learn about eachbiome and how certain plants and animals are adapted to live there.

BIOME SURVIVAL: PART II

1. In which biomes do plants have adaptations tostore scarce water?a. tropical rain forest and tundrab. desert and tropical rain forestc. desert and grasslandsd. tropical rain forest and temperate forest

2. What adaptation allows the toucan to obtain hard-to-reach food?a. It has claws to break off tree branches.b. Its long bill lets it nab fruit on thin branches.c. A sharp tooth on its beak helps it pierce fruit.d. Flat teeth help the toucan grind up leafy snacks.

3. Trees CAN’T grow in theArctic becausea. the ground is too soggy.b. trees can’t compete with

the arctic shrubs fornutrients.

c. trees’ deep roots can’tpenetrate the permafrost.

d. grazing animals preventtrees from growing.

4. Which of the following isthe most likely reason whybrightly colored animals don’tlive in the tundra?a. With so much white snow, the animals would

stand out as easy targets for predators.b. Bright colors would absorb too much sunlight.c. The animals would blend in and get lost.d. Bright colors could startle other tundra animals.

5. Which adaptation helps rain water roll off therain-forest trees?a. Lightweight leavesb. Thick barkc. Broad leavesd. Drip tips on leaves

6. Why is having spines advantageous for the thornydevil lizard?a. The sharp spines are good for nabbing prey.b. The spines channel water to the lizard’s mouth.c. Lizards need spines for locomotion.d. The lizard can store water in its spines.

7. Where would you most likely find a tropical rainforest?a. near Earth’s equatorb. in the Arcticc. at the North Poled. in Mongolia

8. Deserts receive lessthan ____ centimeters ofprecipitation a year.a. 10b. 25c. 50d. 100

9. Why do conifer trees have aconical shape?a. Any other shape would block

sunlight from the forest floor. b. A cone shape lets more trees

crowd together.c. The shape lets snow slide off the branches. d. The pointy top helps the tree withstand high

winds.

10. By winter, deciduous treesa. have grown new leaves.b. have lost their leaves.c. have died.d. have colorful leaves.

ANIMALADAPTATIONS

PLANTADAPTATIONS

The arctic hare and arcticfox sport white coats. Thisform of camouflage helpsthem blend in with thesnow so they are nearlyinvisible to predators.

The arctic willow has shallowroots so it can survive in thesoil atop the permafrost. Thislayer of frozen earth beneaththe soil makes it impossible fordeep-rooted trees and plants totake hold.

Some animals, such asblack bears, hibernate, orsleep through the coldwinter. During this timethey fast, relying onstored fat for energy.

Conifers, such as pine andspruce, have a conical shapethat lets the heavy snow easilyslide off their branches.

Many trees sport leaves withpointed “drip tips” that let waterdroplets from plentiful rainfallroll off easily.

The thorny devil lizard hasa body covered with tinyspines. At night, dew formson the lizard’s back. Thespines channel the water toits mouth.

The barrel cactus has apleated shape that lets itexpand like an accordion.That way, it can store morerain water in its tissues.

During the dry season, ele-phants use their strength totear open the trunks ofbaobab trees, which storewater in their trunks. Then,the animals drink up.

During the savannas’ dry sea-son, many grasses shed theirleaves to reduce transpiration,or the loss of water vaporthrough pores in the leaves.

Study the chart (Biome Survival: Part I) describing the world’s biomes and adaptations that help plantsand animals thrive in their habitats. Then, read the questions below and circle the correct answer.

1. Which bird begins its northward journey from theDominican Republic?

2. How many U.S. states does the whooping cranefly through before reaching the boreal forest?

3. Which birds’ migration routes are located entirelywest of the Mississippi River?

4. If you were on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean in latespring, which bird might you spot in the sky?

TAKE IT FURTHER:Research to find some other birds that migrate tothe boreal forest. Then, choose one and sketch itsapproximate migratory route on this map. For help,visit: www.borealforest.org/world/birds.htm

TREETOP RESORT

ACROSS

1. Trait that helps a plant or animal survive in itsenvironment: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(_)_

2. A large region where plants and animals livetogether in a particular climate: _ _ _ _ _

3. A layer of frozen earth that is situated beneath thesoil: _ _(_)_ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. The arctic hare’s white coat is a form of_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, keeping it hidden frompredators.

5. Imaginary line around Earth’s middle:_ _ _ _ _ _ _

6. The average weather in an area: _ _(_)_ _ _ _

DOWN

7. Black bears (_)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, orsleep through the winter.

8. Photosynthesis is the process thatturns _ _ _ _ _(_) dioxide and waterinto food.

9. _ _ _ _(_)_ _ _ are tropical grasslands.

10. This biome supports many conif-erous trees : _ _ _ _ _ _ forest.

11. By winter, (_)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ treeshave shed their leaves.

12. Many birds _ _ _ _ _(_)_ to theboreal forest to breed.

13. The tundra spans the _ _ _ _ _ _Circle.

14. The temperate forest has four sea-sons: (_)_ _ _ _ _, spring, summer,and fall.

Bonus: The boreal forest is namedafter “Boreas,” or the Greek god of thea. _ _ _ _ _ b. _ _ _ _.

When you flip on thetelevision, you are usingelectricity. Much elec-tricity comes frompower plants, wherefuels—such as oil—areburned to createelectricity.

The downside:Burning fossil fuels pro-duces carbon dioxide.This greenhouse gas cantrap heat in the atmos-phere, leading to anoverall warming of theplanet. But trees canhelp to remove some ofthis gas. These greengiants take in carbon dioxide from the air to carryout photosynthesis. In this process, plants captureenergy from sunlight to turn carbon dioxide andwater into food.

How many trees would it take to absorb the carbon

dioxide that’s pro-duced when youuse everydayappliances? Use theequation below tofind out. Then, fill inthe table and answerthe questions thatfollow.

Equationa. Each mature treecan remove roughly11 kilograms (kg)of carbon dioxide ayear.b. Use this equationto calculate the

number of trees needed to absorb the carbon diox-ide released each year from the use of certain appli-ances: (kilograms of carbon dioxide released) ÷(11 kilograms of carbon dioxide absorbed per tree)= number of trees. HINT: Round up your answer.

M A T H S K I L L S

The toucan’s long bill helpsit reach fruit on branchesthat are too fragile to sup-port the weight of somebirds that are competingfor similar resources.

TundraSpanning the Arctic Circle, the tundra is the coldestand snowiest biome. Temperatures can dip belowfreezing (0°C, or 32°F) for 10 months a year. Duringthis biome’s short summer, the sun stays overhead 24hours a day melting the snow for a brief period.

Boreal ForestThis belt of coniferous, or cone-bearing, trees stretch-es across the northern portion of North America,Europe, and Asia. Winters are long and snowy, whilesummers are short. Temperatures can stay belowfreezing (0°C, or 32°F) for six months a year.

Tropical Rain ForestFound near Earth’s equator (imaginary line aroundEarth’s middle), tropical rain forests get lots of sun-shine and plenty of rain—more than 2.5 meters (8 feet)a year. The rain forest supports the world’s greatestdiversity of plants and animals.

DesertThis biome receives less than 25 cm (10 in.) of precip-itation a year. With no moisture-rich clouds to blocksunrays, daytime sun can be intense. Hot deserts,such as those in Australia, stay toasty all year, whilecold deserts, such as Mongolia’s Gobi desert, can bechilly much of the year.

GrasslandsThese open, flat areas are covered with grasses andfew trees. There are two main types: Tropical grass-lands, called savannas, are warm all year, with a wetand a dry season. Temperate grasslands have hotsummers and cold winters.

Gray squirrels and chip-munks gather nuts andstore them underground.This ensures that they’llhave food during the chillywinter when food is scarce.

Some plants fill their stemswith a sugary solution, whichkeeps water in the stem fromfreezing during the winter.

Temperate ForestThis temperate biome is located between the polarregions and the tropics. The forest has four seasons: acold winter, warm summer, and two in-between sea-sons—spring and fall. By winter, the forest’s deciduoustrees have lost their leaves, which re-grow in the spring.

BIOME Greenland(Kalaallit Nunaat)

(DENMARK)

UNITEDSTATES

CUBA

JAMAICABELIZE

HONDURAS

NICARAGUA

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

South America

EL SALVADORGUATEMALA

HAITI

DOMINICANREPUBLICMEXICO

Alaska(U.S.)

Boreal ForestBoreal Forest

CANADA

N

S

W E

0

0 400 MI

600 KM

Spring MigrationsHudsonian godwit

Cape May warbler

Whooping crane

Pacific loon

Rio Grande

MississippiRiver

ARCTICOCEAN

CaribbeanSea

Baffin Bay

Gulfof

Alaska

Labrador Sea

Gulf of Mexico

HudsonBay

Bering Strait

ATLANTICOCEAN

PACIFICOCEAN

MississippiRiver

BAHAMAS

Television 62 6

Home computer 119 11

Refrigerator 562 51

Central air-conditioning 1,256 114

Average carbondioxide released

each year perhousehold

(kg)

Averagenumber of

trees neededto absorb the

releasedcarbon dioxide

Homeappliance

Average Rainfall Average TemperatureMonth (Millimeters) (Celsius)January 249 27.5

February 231 27.5

March 262 27.5

April 221 27.5

May 170 27.5

June 84 27.5

July 58 28

August 38 28.5

September 46 28.5

October 107 28.5

November 142 28.5

December 203 28

Source: The Met Office

Climate Data

Television 62

Home computer 119

Refrigerator 562

Central air-conditioning 1,256

Average carbondioxide released

each year perhousehold

(kg)

Number oftrees neededto absorb the

releasedcarbon dioxide

Homeappliance

11

4

5

13

6

14

3 12

2 10

8

1

9

7

Name:

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

25

30

26

27

28

29

25.5

26.5

27.5

28.5

29.5

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Average Rainfall

Month

Aver

age

Rain

fall

(mm

)

Average Temperature

MonthAver

age

Tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

a

b

Source: U.S. Department of Energy

Source: Boreal Songbird Initiative

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