Name____________________________________________ Baroque Period (1600-1750) Description: Music, art, & architecture was overly decorative, ornamented, or exaggerated. Music of this time had choirs that were a little larger than before since music was accompanied by instruments more often. Music was no longer just written for the church but was also written for royal courts & nobility. Not being able to sing in church choirs before this time during the Renaissance period, women were now allowed to sing in church choirs & as performers more often. Solo singing became more important & gave rise to opera which began in Florence, Italy. The first public opera house was built in Vienna, Austria during this time. Major historical events: • Jamestown, Virginia was settled as the 1st permanent English colony in North America • The first King James translation of the Bible appeared • The Mayflower docks at Plymouth Rock • Harvard University was founded • Sir Isaac Newton discovers the Law of Gravity • The Salem witchcraft trials occurred in Salem, Massachusetts • John Wesley establishes the Methodist Church in North America

Major musicians: • Johann Sebastien Bach, Germany • George Friedrich Handel, Germany & England • Heinrich Schutz, Germany

• Henry Purcell, England • Antonio Vivaldi, Italy

Major artists: • Italian—Caravaggio, Bernini, Tiepolo • French—De la Tour, Poussin • Dutch—Rembrandt, Vermeer

• Flemish—Rubens, Van Dyck • British—Hogarth • Spanish—El Grecio, Velasquez

Major writers: • English—Locke, Newton, Defoe, Dryden, Milton, Swift • French—Moliere, Voltaire, Descartes

Types of vocal music: • Cantata—a shorter collection of music put together that is based on church scriptures or poetry • Oratorio—a larger collection of music put together to tell a story from the Bible with singing but no

speaking or acting • Chorale—a German 4-part choir song that is written much like a hymn for church • Motet—a song for choir that uses Biblical text with voice parts that weave in & out at different times

with or without instruments • Mass—a large collection of music that is usually in Latin with several sections that include a Kyrie,

Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, & Angus Dei Instruments: • Strings (violin, viola, cello, bass) • Woodwinds (oboe, flute, clarinet, recorder,

bassoon) • Harpsichord (similar to a piano but has strings

that are plucked when the keys are played)

• Organ • Limited brass without valves (trumpet, horn,

trombone) • Timpani

BAROQUE PERIOD LISTENING GUIDE

Song #1 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: cantata oratorio chorale motet mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group Song #2 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: cantata oratorio chorale motet mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group Song #3 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: cantata oratorio chorale motet mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group

Name____________________________________________ Classical Period (1750-1815) Description: Music, art, & architecture was defined by its precise, clear, & well-balanced forms. Music had easily identifiable melodies. Musicians worked for rich patrons & nobles. Concert halls & opera houses were built which made music available to the general public. Austria & Germany became the center of musical activity. The church no longer dominated culture during this time, so, not as much church music was written. Symphonies, operas, string quartets, instrumental chamber music, & piano sonatas were written more frequently than choral music. Oratorios & masses of this time greatly resembled the music of operas in their style. Major historical events: • Benjamin Franklin discovered electricity • The steam engine was invented by Watts • The beginning of the factory system • The Declaration of Independence was put into

place by the American colonies & Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown

• The U.S. Bill of Rights was ratified • The U.S. acquired the Louisiana Purchase

• The Lewis & Clark expedition across North America

• Gas street lamps were put into place in London • The French Revolution: Napoleon was

crowned Emperor, Napoleon retreated to Moscow, & Napoleon was defeated at Waterloo

• The metronome was invented • The piano was invented by Cristofori

Major musicians: • Franz Joseph Hadyn, Austria • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austria

• Ludwig van Beethoven, Austria

Major artists: • Spanish—Goya • French—Fragonard, David

• British—Reynolds, Romney, Gainsborough

Major writers: • British—Johnson, Blake, Austen, Wordsworth • French—Voltaire, Rousseau, Beaumarchais • German—Kant, Goethe, Schiller

Types of vocal music: • Opera—a larger collection of music put together to tell a story that is not from the Bible with singing

& acting but no speaking • Oratorio—a larger collection of music put together to tell a story from the Bible with singing but no

speaking or acting • Mass—a large collection of music that is usually in Latin with several sections that include a Kyrie,

Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, & Angus Dei Instruments: • Piano • Small balanced orchestras with woodwinds, strings, & limited percussion/brass instruments

CLASSICAL PERIOD LISTENING GUIDE Song #4 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #5 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #6 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra

Name____________________________________________ Romantic Period (1815-1910) Description: Music, art, & literature of this period reflected more on emotions than what people knew about the world. More of a middle class society arose with the rise of democracy. Musicians supported themselves by writing music for the common people instead of nobles & kings. This gave rise to musicians sometimes becoming the celebrities of their time. The Industrial Revolution (age of mass production) made instruments more accessible to people. Orchestral music became more popular & used brass & woodwinds more. Composers sometimes used folk songs, folk dances, or folk heroes to identify their music to their native lands. Public concerts in concert halls made it necessary to have larger orchestras. Operatic roles were written for larger voices. Art songs for solo voice & piano became more popular. Major historical events: • The first steamship crossed the

Atlantic • The electric motor & generator were

invented • The first railroad built in England • Morse invented the telegraph &

Morse code • Photography was invented • The light bulb was invented

• The gold rush in California • Charles Darwin wrote about

evolution • The Civil War & the emancipation of

slaves in the U.S. • U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia • The Suez Canal was built • The first American transcontinental

railroad was built

• Bell invented the telephone • Edison invented the phonograph • The Panama Canal was built • The Statue of Liberty was built • X-rays were discovered • The Spanish-American War

Major musicians: • Franz Schubert, Austria • Gustav Mahler, Austria • Anton Bruckner, Austria • Felix Mendelssohn, Germany • Robert Schumann, Germany • Johannes Brahms, Germany • Richard Wagner, Germany

• Antonin Dvorak, Czechoslovakia • Giacomo Puccini, Italy • Giuseppe Verdi, Italy • Frederic Chopin, Poland • Franz Liszt, Hungary • Stephen Foster, United States • John Phillip Sousa, United States

• Pyotr Illyich Tchaikovsky, Russia • Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russia • Camille Saint-Saens, France • Hector Berlioz, France • Claude Debussy, France • Gabriel Faure, France

Major artists: • British—Constable, Turner • French—Delacroix, Monet, Degas, Rousseau, Renoir, Seaurat, Manet, Courbet, Toulouse-Lautrec, Gaugin, Rodin • Dutch—Van Gogh • United States—Whistler, Cassatt

Major writers: • British—Shelley, Byron, Keats, Scott, Dickens, Wilde, Browning, Tennyson, Kipling • French—Balzac, Hugo, Dumas, Flaubert, Baudelaire, Proust, Verlaine, Maupassant • Russian—Tolstoy, Pushkin, Dostoyevsky, Chekov • Other Europeans—Strindberg, Ibsen, Nietzche, Kierkegaard • United States—Twain, Poe, Dickinson, Whitman, Thoreau, Melville, James, Emerson, Long-fellow, Hawthorne

Types of vocal music: • Opera—a larger collection of music put together to tell a story that is not from the Bible with singing & acting but no

speaking • Oratorio—a larger collection of music put together to tell a story from the Bible with singing but no speaking or acting • Mass—a large collection of music that is usually in Latin with several sections that include a Kyrie, Gloria, Credo,

Sanctus, & Angus Dei • Art song—a song written for solo voice & piano • Sacred or secular part song—short choral song that is performed acapella or accompanied by piano, organ, or a small

instrumental ensemble, & the words can be church related or non-church related Instruments: • Piano • Much larger orchestra in all sections including brass instruments with valves & a wider range of percussion

ROMANTIC PERIOD LISTENING GUIDE

Song #7 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass art song sacred/secular part song What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #8 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass art song sacred/secular part song What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #9 Composer: Country composer is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: opera oratorio mass art song sacred/secular part song What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano solo instrument____________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra

Name____________________________________________________ 20th Century (1900-Present)

Description: Universities & colleges became the center of serious musical composition during this time. Music had irregular rhythms & harmonies but still incorporated old styles as well. The phonograph, radio, TV, the computer, & electronic instruments all revolutionized the way music was produced, distributed, & performed. Because of this, music was made available almost to anyone worldwide. Music was no longer just limited to concert halls & opera houses.

Major historical events: • The Wright brothers first plane flight • Freud founded psychological

analysis • The great San Francisco

earthquake • The Model T Ford was first

produced in the U.S. • The discovery of protons &

electrons • The Titanic sank • The first commercial radio broadcast

• The New York stock market crash & Great Depression

• Invention of the TV • Penicillin was discovered • World War I & II • The invention of the atomic bomb • NATO was formed • The first satellite launched & first

man in space • President JFK & Martin Luther King

assassinated

• Invention of the computer • Persian Gulf War • The Vietnam War • The AIDS epidemic • The 911 terrorist attack on the World

Trade Center • Capture & assasination of Sadam

Hussein & Osama Bin Laden

Major musicians: • Scott Joplin, United States • George Gershwin, United States • Leonard Bernstein, United States • Charles Ives, United States • John Cage, United States • Phillip Glass, Untied States • Samuel Barber, United States • Aaron Copland, United States • Richard Rogers, United States

• Irving Berlin, United States • Cole Porter, Untied States • Norman Dello-Joio, United States • Gian Carlo Menotti, Italy/United States • Arnold Schoenberg, Austria/United States • Hector Villa-Lobos, Brazil • Bela Bartok, Hungary • Benjamin Britten, England • Gustav Holst, England

• Ralph Vaughn Williams, England • Andrew Lloyd Webber, England • Maurice Ravel, France • Francis Poulenc, France • Sergei Prokofiev, Russia • Igor Stravinsky, Russia • Dmitri Shostakovich, Russia

Major artists: • Spanish—Picasso, Gris, Dali • United States—Wood, Wright, Hopper, O’Keefe,

Rockwell, Pollock, Segal, Kandinsky, Wyeth, Lichtenstein, Warhol

• French—Cezanne, Monet, Chagall, Braque, Miro, Matisse

• British—Hockney, Moore • Swiss--Klee

Major writers: • United States—Lewis, Stein, Cummings, Hemingway,

Fitzgerald, Faulkner, Wilder, Mailer, O’Neill, Steinbeck, Bellow, Updike, Michener

• French—Proust, Bergson, Beckett, Sartre, Camus

• British—Joyce, Shaw, Eliot, Kipling, Woolf, Yeats, Lawrence

• Russian—Solzhenitsyn, Pasternak • Other—Neruda, Hesse

Types of vocal music: • Opera • Choral music • Mass • Musical • Ragtime • Jazz

• Blues • Soul • Rock & roll • Disco • Country • Bluegrass

• Folk music • Salsa • Funk • Dance • Pop • Electronic

• Heavy metal • Reggae • Hip hop & rap • Progressive rock • Punk rock • Alternative rock

• New age music • World music

Instruments: • Piano • Guitar (electric & acoustic) • Orchestra

• Drums & a wide variety of percussion

• Electronic instruments or sounds (created with a digital piano or computer)

20TH CENTURY LISTENING GUIDE

Song #10 Composer: Country composer/artist is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: Opera Choral music Mass Musical Ragtime Jazz Blues Soul Rock & roll Disco Country Bluegrass Folk music Salsa Funk Dance Pop Electronic Heavy metal Reggae Hip hop & rap Progressive rock Punk rock Alternative rock New age music World music What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano guitar solo instrument_________________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #11 Composer: Country composer/artist is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: Opera Choral music Mass Musical Ragtime Jazz Blues Soul Rock & roll Disco Country Bluegrass Folk music Salsa Funk Dance Pop Electronic Heavy metal Reggae Hip hop & rap Progressive rock Punk rock Alternative rock New age music World music What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano guitar solo instrument_________________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra Song #12 Composer: Country composer/artist is from: Title of song: Name of major work song is from: Language of the song: Italian English German Latin French Spanish Type of music: Opera Choral music Mass Musical Ragtime Jazz Blues Soul Rock & roll Disco Country Bluegrass Folk music Salsa Funk Dance Pop Electronic Heavy metal Reggae Hip hop & rap Progressive rock Punk rock Alternative rock New age music World music What do you hear: full choir solo/man solo/woman organ small vocal group piano guitar solo instrument_________________________________________ small instrumental group orchestra

NAME

Music History Quizzes

Instructions: There will be 4 quizzes the last six weeks. Fill in the name of all 3 songs you hear in the order you hear them for each musical time period quiz. Each answer will count 10 points on each quiz, so, the lowest grade you can make is 70 as long as you attempt each quiz. You are responsible for getting any information you miss if you are absent. Baroque Period GRADE: 1. 2. 3. Classical Period GRADE: 4. 5. 6. Romantic Period GRADE: 7. 8. 9. 20th Century Period GRADE: 10. 11. 12.