Name 2 powers that are RESERVED for the states
Bellringer Name 2 powers that are RESERVED for the states -marriage laws -school standards -traffic laws Why is the Mississippi River important to America AND when did the US gain control of it? Trade from the Midwest to the Gulf of Mexico. The Louisiana Purchase Bellringer What are some dangers of life in a wagon ?
Native Americans! Bellringer Explain two reasons President Andrew Jackson was sometimes referred to as a King. Why did Texas want to join the United States after it became an independent nation? Moving West Why do people move? Westward Expansion As the Americans continued to push West to satisfy Manifest Destiny, the nation was undergoing many changes. These changes range from technological , social, and political changes. At first, the only Americans in the West were explorers and hunters. Soon, religious persecution pushed the Mormons to Salt Lake City. Then the discovery of Gold in California sped up the move West. As the nation expanded West, it seemed as though Manifest Destiny would truly become a reality. Manifest Destiny- idea that America should take over the continent to the West Westward Expansion At first, the only Americans in the West were explorers and hunters. Soon, religious persecution pushed the Mormons to Salt Lake City. Then the discovery of Gold in California sped up the move West. As the nation expanded West, it seemed as though Manifest Destiny would truly become a reality. Manifest Destiny- idea that America should take over the continent to the West Review: Northwest Ordinance 1787
Established by the Articles of Confederation to create the process for admitting new states to the Union. These new states comprised the Ohio River Valley and slavery was NOT allowed in these territories. Expansion Throughout the 1800s, the United States will expand according to Manifest Destiny. the United States government used treaties, war and purchases to add more territory to the country. Louisiana Purchase 1803 Despite being a strict constructionist, Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon. Justified through the Elastic Clause, this purchase doubled the size of the US and gave trade rights along the Mississippi River. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 Secretary of State Adams negotiated with the Spanish for Florida. Not only did the Spanish give up Florida, but the Spanish also dropped claim to the Pacific Northwest (Oregon, Washington, etc). In return, the Americans dropped their claim to Texas. Texas 1845 After Mexico won its independence from Spain, Southern American plantation owners began moving into the area known as Texas. Within a decade, enough Americans had moved to Texas that they declared themselves an independent nation, breaking away from Mexico. Soon after, the Texans began asking to join the United States of America. The Alamo!! Remember the Alamo? When the Texans declared Independence from Mexico, Santa Anas troops attacked and destroyed the forces at the Alamo. This defeat ultimately caused the Texans to push harder for their independence. Texas (cont) The United States was conflicted about Texas. Allowing Texas to join would mean adding another slave state, and angering the Mexicans who claimed the land. In 1845 Texas joined the Union as a slave state. Oregon 1846 Great Britain ceded Oregon, Washington, Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming. This deal was part of a compromise where the British agreed to extend the Northern border along the 49th parallel all the way to the Pacific Coast. . (Canada) Cession- the formal giving up of rights to property, beliefs, claims
Mexican Cession 1848 California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming join the union after signing the Treaty of Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War Cession- the formal giving up of rights to property, beliefs, claims Mexican War The Mexican war had several causes, primarily the acceptance of Texas into the United States, border disputes between Texas and Mexico, and President Polks outspoken desire to acquire California and the Southwest. Mexican War President Polk attempted to purchase the lands of California and New Mexico for 30 million. However, the Mexican government would not even listen to the offer. Polk responded by sending 3,000 troops intoTexas, to the Rio Grande River. The US had longheld the Rio Grande as the boundary betweenMexico and Texas, but Mexico considered theboundary the Nueces River. By positioningAmerican troops on the Rio Grande, Polk wasinciting violence, and an excuse for war. Mexican War (cont) Mexico considered Polks army, led by Zachary Taylor, an invasion. Soon the Mexicans skirmished with the Americans, prompting the US Congress to declare War in April 1846. The War would include fighting in Texas, Mexico, California and New Mexico. The fighting ended when American forces took the Capital Mexico City from Santa Anas Troops. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848
Mexico had few bargaining chips when it came to negotiating the end of the Mexican War. As a result, Mexico was heavily defeated: Mexico gave up Texas to the Rio Grande River New Mexico and California, making up 2/5 of Mexico, was signed over to the US US paid Mexico $15 million Gadsden Purchase 1853 Five years after the Mexican War, the US bought 30,000 square miles of land in New Mexico and Arizona for $10 million. This purchase is known as the Gadsden Purchase, and eventually was where the transcontinental Railroad would be built. United States by 1853 What is the meaning of this cartoon?
PLUCKED: The Mexican eagle before the war The Mexican eagle after the war Review The phrase by military conquest, treaty, and purchase best describes the 1. steps in the growth of American industry 2. methods used to expand the territory of the United States 3. Major parts of President Woodrow Wilsons 14 points 4. Causes of the US entry into the Korean War Review When President Thomas Jefferson acquired the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803, he demonstrated that he had modified his belief that The constitution should be strictly interpreted The federal government should limit individual rights Adding territory would lead to regional rivalries Commercial development was the main goal of the federal government Review Manifest destiny was used to justify an American desire to
Limit the number of immigrants entering the country Control the area located east of the Appalachian Mountains Expand the United States to the Pacific Ocean Warn European countries against colonizing Latin America Transportation Revolution
New technologies made transporting goods and resources cheaper and faster than ever before. These technologies allowed the West to get resources to Northern industries, and Northern goods to Western markets. Erie Canal- connect West to the Atlantic through the Great lakes, Erie canal and Hudson River Railroads- the invention of the steam engine allowed the nation to transport vast quantities quickly and cheaply. Pacific Railway Acts 1862 and 1864
To encourage movement west, railway companies began to claim land to connect the East and West. The railroad companies were given huge tracts of land to create quick transportation to the West. Additionally, these railroads were given the mile on either side of the track to sell for profit. Transcontinental Railway 1869
The pacific Railway Act authorized the use of public lands and cash loans to build a railroad to connect the East and West coasts. Thousands of immigrants worked to complete the railroad. Westward Push The government passed to laws to promote the settling of the West: The Morrill Land-Grant Act- Land given to colleges to sustain them and provide education to the West Homestead Act- signed in 1862 by President Lincoln, this act promised 160 acres of land to households who would work the land for a minimum of 5 years. By 1900, over 600,000 had taken advantage of the Homestead Act to move West Wagon trains Moving west was no simple matter. Families would save for months to buy the needed supplies. It took an additional 4-5 months to reach the destination. Along the way settlers had to make the best decision for all their party.Wagon trails were created as hundreds of wagons crossed the plains for Oregon, California and the general West. Oregon Trail After the British and Americans agreed to the 49th Parallel as the boundary between Canada and the US, American citizens started moving in.The Trail was difficult, and many settlers died along the way from malnutrition and disease. What are some dangers of life in a wagon ?
Native Americans! Donner Party One group headed West was the Donner Party. This group consisted of nearly 80 wagons. However, George Donner and nine wagons decided to take an unproven shortcut through the Rocky mountains. They were trapped by terrible storms, starving and desperate, they resorted to cannibalism to survive. California Gold John Sutter hired a carpenter to build a mill in his new colony. This carpenter discovered gold! Within months thousands had come to Sutters land to discover gold. The California Gold Rush had begun. The Population exploded: 1848 14,000 1849 100,000 1852 200,000 Most settlers followed the California wagon trails, but some took ships around South America to the Californian coast 49ers The greatest rush for gold occurred in The young men who travelled during this year became known as the 49ers. Nearly every man journeying to California were young, single men. Not only American men rushed to find gold. Thousands of Chinese immigrants arrived to try their luck as well. Ghost Towns With each new discovery of gold, new towns would spring up overnight. Hundreds would arrive, but as the gold dried up, the towns would go Bust, becoming deserted Ghost Towns. The Western Woman Even though mostly families travelled to the West, life was difficult on the Frontier. Women were often left alone for long periods to care for the home and children. Women had to prevent Squatters from taking pieces of their land while their husbands left to earn money. These solitary life styles led women to push for suffrage, or the right to vote. Wyoming As Frontier women continued to prove themselves as able homemakers the Western cities began respecting their opinions. By 1887 two Kansas towns allowed Womens Suffrage. In 1890, Wyoming became the first state to have womens suffrage written into the state constitution. The American Dream As settlers continued to flood to the West America became known as the place where hard workers could make their own fortunes. This became the American dream, having freedom including the opportunity to achieve success with hard work. Review During the early 1800s, the US placed few restrictions on immigration because The Constitution did not allow restrictions Labor unions welcomes the new workers Southern landowners needed additional workers The industrial economy was creating new jobs Review The Louisiana Purchas had great geographic significance for the United States because it Reduced British control of North America Focused the US on Westward Expansion Extended US control over Mexico Decreased Tensions with Native American Indians Review In 1862, the Homestead Act and Pacific Railway Act were passed primarily to Achieve a Northern victory in the Civil War Develop the Midwest and western parts of the country Improve the lives of freed slaves Expand overseas markets to Asia and Europe Grand Coulee Dam The Grand Coulee helped America expand to the west because it provided a water source and power source for the arid (dry) climate of the west Coast. Railroads and Time Zones
Thanks to the transcontinental railroad, the US set standard time zones so everyone knew the time. Before the Time Zones were set, each town had its own time, making train schedules extraordinarily difficult.