nagios in power transmission utilities
DESCRIPTION
Nagios in Power Transmission Utilities. Fernando Covatti. [email protected] [email protected]. Introduction & Agenda. Brazilian Electrical Sector Overview CEEE-GT experience within Nagios Core Motivation for Different areas of the company Telecommunications Automation - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Introduction & Agenda
• Brazilian Electrical Sector Overview• CEEE-GT experience within Nagios Core• Motivation for Different areas of the
company– Telecommunications– Automation– Protection and Control– Supervision
• Results and Future Plans
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990.• Regional companies controlled their
respective areas and they could have vertical expertise.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990.• Regional companies controlled their
respective areas and they could have vertical expertise.
• Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electricity.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990.• Regional companies controlled their
respective areas and they could have vertical expertise.
• Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electricity.
• In the second half of the 1990s, rules changed.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990.• Regional companies controlled their
respective areas and they could have vertical expertise.
• Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electricity.
• In the second half of the 1990s, rules changed.
• The increasing interconnectivity of various states created the need to regulate and discipline the electrical sector.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• Regionalized until mid-1990• Regional companies controlled their
respective areas and they could have vertical expertise.
• Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electricity.
• In the second half of the 1990s, rules changed.
• The increasing interconnectivity of various states created the need to regulate and discipline the electrical sector.
• ANEEL and ONS were created.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• National Interconnected System (SIN)
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• National Interconnected System (SIN)• Biggest of its kind in the world.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• National Interconnected System (SIN)• Biggest of its kind in the world.• More than 100 thousand km of
transmission lines (equal to or higher than 230kV)
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• National Interconnected System (SIN)• Biggest of its kind in the world.• More than 100 thousand km of
transmission lines (equal to or higher than 230kV)
• Only 1,7% of Energy used in the country are not in the interconnected system.
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Brazillian Electrical Sector
• National Interconnected System (SIN)• Biggest of its kind in the world.• More than 100 thousand km of
transmission lines (equal to or higher than 230kV)
• Only 1,7% of Energy used in the country are not in the interconnected system.
• A failure in a substation or transmission line can impact in the whole country (blackout).
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Company Presentation
• CEEE was founded in 1943.
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Company Presentation
• CEEE was founded in 1943.• Operates in the 3 main areas of The
Brazilian Electrical Sector: Power Generation (G), Transmission (T) and Distribution(D).
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Company Presentation
• CEEE was founded in 1943.• Operates in the 3 main areas of The
Brazilian Electrical Sector: Power Generation (G), Transmission (T) and Distribution(D).
• The state government has equity control of the company.
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Company Presentation
• CEEE was founded in 1943.• Operates in the 3 main areas of The
Brazilian Electrical Sector: Power Generation (G), Transmission (T) and Distribution(D).
• The state government has equity control of the company.
• Considerable Eletrobras participation (~32%), which is the main provider for the federal government
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Company Presentation
• 3,800 employees.
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Company Presentation
• 3,800 employees.• 6th largest company in Rio Grande do Sul
State (117th largest company in Brazil).
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Company Presentation
• 3,800 employees.• 6th largest company in Rio Grande do Sul
State (117th largest company in Brazil).• Generates 75% of the State
Hydroelectricity
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Company Presentation
• 3,800 employees.• 6th largest company in Rio Grande do Sul
State (117th largest company in Brazil).• Generates 75% of the State
Hydroelectricity• Owns 5.781 km of transmission lines.
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Company Presentation
• 3,800 employees.• 6th largest company in Rio Grande do Sul
State (117th largest company in Brazil).• Generates 75% of the State
Hydroelectricity• Owns 5.781 km of transmission lines.• Distributes electrical energy for one third
of the State (3.5 million people).
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system. • With the growth of the system, greater
demands were aggregated.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system. • With the growth of the system, greater
demands were aggregated. • New devices were installed.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system. • With the growth of the system, greater
demands were aggregated. • New devices were installed. • New demands were made by the
regulator.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system. • With the growth of the system, greater
demands were aggregated. • New devices were installed. • New demands were made by the
regulator. • Need to reduce downtime of equipment.
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Supervision Area
• Division was founded in the mid-1970s. • Initially focused on the data state of the
electrical system. • With the growth of the system, greater
demands were aggregated. • New devices were installed. • New demands were made by the
regulator. • Need to reduce downtime of equipment.• Need to remotely control Substations.
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Supervision Area
• Composed mainly of electronic/electrical engineers and technicians.
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Supervision Area
• Composed mainly of electronic/electrical engineers and technicians.
• Weak Computer knowledge among team members (no course graduation in the IT area).
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Supervision Area
• Composed mainly of electronic/electrical engineers and technicians.
• Weak Computer knowledge among team members (no course graduation in the IT area).
• Large gap between new and old employees, due to a large time without new hires.
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Supervision Area
• Composed mainly of electronic/electrical engineers and technicians.
• Weak Computer knowledge among team members (no course graduation in the IT area)
• Large gap between new and old employees, due to a large time without new hires.
• Old concepts and techniques are very difficult to change.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
• Increasing number of data to be supervised versus selective users interest.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
• Increasing number of data to be supervised versus selective users interest.
• Several of these data are alarmed for long time.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
• Increasing number of data to be supervised versus selective users interest.
• Several of these data are alarmed for long time.
• Disrupting the work of real time staff.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
• Increasing number of data to be supervised versus selective users interest.
• Several of these data are alarmed for long time.
• Disrupting the work of real time staff. • The maintenance staff is not informed of
problems.
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Motivation
• The amount of data has been growing exponentially.
• Many of these data are not directly linked to real time.
• Increasing number of data to be supervised versus selective users interest.
• Several of these data are alarmed for long time.
• Disrupting the work of real time staff. • The maintenance staff is not informed of
problems.• This leads the system to become discredited.
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Motivation
• Reduction of revenues led to reduction of employees on the long term (retirement and no new hires).
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Motivation
• Reduction of revenues led to reduction of employees on the long term (retirement and no new hires).
• Telecontrol of substations became a priority in order to reduce Substations operators workforce.
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Motivation
• Reduction of revenues led to reduction of employees on the long term (retirement and no new hires).
• Telecontrol of substations became a priority in order to reduce Substations operators workforce.
• Higher availability of systems are required when telecontrol is used.
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
Operation CentersEMS
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
Operation CentersEMS
Operation CenterHMI
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
Operation CentersEMS
Operation CenterHMI
National SystemOperator
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
Operation CentersEMS
Operation CenterHMI
National SystemOperator
Database Servers
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Motivation Overview
Substation Field Devices
Substation Protection Realys
Substation Automation Devices
Operation CentersEMS
Operation CenterHMI
National SystemOperator
Database Servers
Corporate Network
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Motivation for Substation Devices
• Online Graphic Supervision of failure on ethernet based devices inside substations.
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Motivation for Substation Devices
• Online Graphic Supervision of failure on ethernet based devices inside substations.
• Due to the redundancy and use of RSTP (or other redundancy protocols), the flaws are often unnoticed, and failed devices are not replaced.
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Motivation for Substation Devices
• Online Graphic Supervision of failure on ethernet based devices inside substations.
• Due to the redundancy and use of RSTP (or other redundancy protocols), the flaws are often unnoticed, and failed devices are not replaced.
• Preventive Maintenance, mainly in substations implemented with IEC61850.
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Motivation for Substation Devices
• Online Graphic Supervision of failure on ethernet based devices inside substations.
• Due to the redundancy and use of RSTP (or other redundancy protocols), the flaws are often unnoticed, and failed devices are not replaced.
• Preventive Maintenance, mainly in substations implemented with IEC61850.
• Supervision also where there is a 2nd communication channel for the Operation Center.
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).• Analog and Digital Radio (Serial
communication).
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).• Analog and Digital Radio (Serial
communication).• Power Line Communication.
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).• Analog and Digital Radio (Serial
communication).• Power Line Communication.
• Different Management Softwares.
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).• Analog and Digital Radio (Serial
communication).• Power Line Communication.
• Different Management Softwares.• Architecture only drawn (without online
state).
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Motivation for Telecommunications
• Different communication devices and vendors.• Multiplexers (SDH and SONET).• Switches (Ethernet).• Analog and Digital Radio (Serial
communication).• Power Line Communication.
• Different Management Softwares.• Architecture only drawn (without online
state).• Most susceptible to failures (shared links
with other companies, weather,…).
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
• There have been a few attempts to solve the problem by reducing the number of points.
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
• There have been a few attempts to solve the problem by reducing the number of points.
• It did not work for obvious reasons.
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
• There have been a few attempts to solve the problem by reducing the number of points.
• It did not work for obvious reasons. • We need to monitor increasingly data
points.
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
• There have been a few attempts to solve the problem by reducing the number of points.
• It did not work for obvious reasons. • We need to monitor increasingly data
points. • Another attempt was to include filters
alarms.
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Nagios Usage Data Excess
• Problem of the excessive number of points became critical.
• There have been a few attempts to solve the problem by reducing the number of points.
• It did not work for obvious reasons. • We need to monitor increasingly data
points. • Another attempt was to include filters
alarms. • These filters alarms end up making users
forget most of the filtered points.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
• The interest in this information is not the same for all teams.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
• The interest in this information is not the same for all teams.
• Also the frequency of monitoring needs to be the same.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
• The interest in this information is not the same for all teams.
• Also the frequency of monitoring needs to be the same.
• Thus, we sought to separate roughly into real-time information and maintenance.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
• The interest in this information is not the same for all teams.
• Also the frequency of monitoring needs to be the same.
• Thus, we sought to separate roughly into real-time information and maintenance.
• The real-time system remains SAGE.
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Nagios Usage Data Separation
• Monitoring a growing number of points requires more elaborate solutions.
• The interest in this information is not the same for all teams.
• Also the frequency of monitoring needs to be the same.
• Thus, we sought to separate roughly into real-time information and maintenance.
• The real-time system remains SAGE. • Nagios was introduced as the maintenance
system.
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Nagios Usage Why Nagios?
• Stable, was developed over an extensive period of time.
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Nagios Usage Why Nagios?
• Stable, was developed over an extensive period of time.
• Expandable and customizable, with a wide range of add ons.
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Nagios Usage Why Nagios?
• Stable, was developed over an extensive period of time.
• Expandable and customizable, with a wide range of add ons.
• Open software that meets the preferences of the team.
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Nagios Usage Why Nagios?
• Stable, was developed over an extensive period of time.
• Expandable and customizable, with a wide range of add ons.
• Open software that meets the preferences of the team.
• Community of developers and active users.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
• This experiment was not successful.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
• This experiment was not successful. • Lack of interest from potential users.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
• This experiment was not successful. • Lack of interest from potential users. • Fine tuning in Nagios was needed.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
• This experiment was not successful. • Lack of interest from potential users. • Fine tuning in Nagios was needed. • It was needed a person to give daily
attention to the maturation process, which didn’t exist.
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Nagios Usage First Attempts
• In the past decade the Telecommunications Area made an attempt to monitor through Nagios.
• This experiment was not successful. • Lack of interest from potential users. • Fine tuning in Nagios was needed. • It was needed a person to give daily
attention to the maturation process, which didn’t exist.
• Only part of the telecommunications system of the company was monitored.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%. • Entry of new members brought new ideas.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%. • Entry of new members brought new ideas. • Telecommunications System expanded a lot
with new multiplexers and switches.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%. • Entry of new members brought new ideas. • Telecommunications System expanded a lot
with new multiplexers and switches. • Telecommunications team experienced an
influx of new employees.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%. • Entry of new members brought new ideas. • Telecommunications System expanded a lot
with new multiplexers and switches. • Telecommunications team experienced an
influx of new employees. • In 2012, the company lost more than 60% of
its revenue due to renovation contracts by the Federal Government.
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Nagios Usage Installation Conditions
• In early 2011, the team was renewed in 50%. • Entry of new members brought new ideas. • Telecommunications System expanded a lot
with new multiplexers and switches. • Telecommunications team experienced an
influx of new employees. • In 2012, the company lost more than 60% of
its revenue due to renovation contracts by the Federal Government.
• This has led to a pressing need for increased monitoring of the system and preventative action.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012. • Primary focus was to monitor Linux systems.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012. • Primary focus was to monitor Linux systems. • Soon, it expanded to other systems and
areas, such as communication status of remote systems.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012. • Primary focus was to monitor Linux systems. • Soon, it expanded to other systems and
areas, such as communication status of remote systems.
• Several features were added in these two years.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012. • Primary focus was to monitor Linux systems. • Soon, it expanded to other systems and
areas, such as communication status of remote systems.
• Several features were added in these two years.
• Increasing in other areas of the company, like in the Substation Automation.
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Nagios Usage Installation
• Nagios was again considered as a way to monitor the status of various devices.
• Installation started in mid-2012. • Primary focus was to monitor Linux systems. • Soon, it expanded to other systems and
areas, such as communication status of remote systems.
• Several features were added in these two years.
• Increasing in other areas of the company, like in the Substation Automation.
• In June 2014 the system has expanded to a second version, now installed in Telecommunications.
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Nagios Usage Panorama
• Supervision
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Nagios Usage Panorama
• Supervision
• Telecommunication
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.• Configuration backup (Manually changed
devices).
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.• Configuration backup (Manually changed
devices).• Configuration check (differences between
database and Operation Center configuration).
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.• Configuration backup (Manually changed
devices).• Configuration check (differences between
database and Operation Center configuration).
• Serial Communication state (RX/TX Bytes).
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.• Configuration backup (Manually changed
devices).• Configuration check (differences between
database and Operation Center configuration).
• Serial Communication state (RX/TX Bytes).• Telecommunication System Devices
proprietary protocols (via telnet).
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Nagios Usage Customized Services
• Script to check raid disks.• Configuration backup (Manually changed
devices).• Configuration check (differences between
database and Operation Center configuration).
• Serial Communication state (RX/TX Bytes).• Telecommunication System Devices
proprietary protocols (via telnet).• Expect Language scripts.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system. • Failure of Emergency Control Scheme
system.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system. • Failure of Emergency Control Scheme
system. • Failure of backup devices.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system. • Failure of Emergency Control Scheme
system. • Failure of backup devices. • Failure of backup communication channels.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system. • Failure of Emergency Control Scheme
system. • Failure of backup devices. • Failure of backup communication channels.
• Reduced response time of maintenance teams to attend occurrences.
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Results
• It has provided notices of failures which could not be detected in a normal situation. • Failure of one of the disks in a RAID system. • Failure of Emergency Control Scheme
system. • Failure of backup devices. • Failure of backup communication channels.
• Reduced response time of maintenance teams to attend occurrences.
• Fault location with an integrated view.
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios.
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios. • Can be expanded to obtain more data from
protection relays.
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios.• Can be expanded to obtain more data from
protection relays. • Integration within the substation (IEC 61850,
DNP LAN).
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios. • Can be expanded to obtain more data from
protection relays. • Integration within the substation (IEC 61850,
DNP LAN). • Increasingly networked devices for
substation, easily reaching 50 on today’s equipment.
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios.• Can be expanded to obtain more data from
protection relays. • Integration within the substation (IEC 61850,
DNP LAN). • Increasingly networked devices for
substation, easily reaching 50 on today’s equipment.
• Trend to increase the number of the substation devices.
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Future and Beyond
• Transferring Real-time data points to Nagios.• Can be expanded to obtain more data from
protection relays. • Integration within the substation (IEC 61850,
DNP LAN). • Increasingly networked devices for
substation, easily reaching 50 on today’s equipment.
• Trend to increase the number of the substation devices.
• Usage of Nagios in Smart Grids (Bigger Networks)
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Future and Beyond
• Usage of Nagios reports in order to analyze potential points of future failure.
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Future and Beyond
• Usage of Nagios reports in order to analyze potential points of future failure.
• Provides prospective on where to invest the budget resources.
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Future and Beyond
• Usage of Nagios reports in order to analyze potential points of future failure.
• Provides prospective on where to invest the budget resources.
• Relieving the burden of repetitive work.
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Future and Beyond
• Usage of Nagios reports in order to analyze potential points of future failure.
• Provides prospective on where to invest the budget resources.
• Relieving the burden of repetitive work. • Using Nagios as a tool of "management“:
email to Decentralized Teams to provide maintenance on failed devices.
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Future and Beyond
• Usage of Nagios reports in order to analyze potential points of future failure.
• Provides prospective on where to invest the budget resources.
• Relieving the burden of repetitive work. • Using Nagios as a tool of "management“:
email to Decentralized Teams to provide maintenance on failed devices.
• Integration with other tools, such as automatic generation of maps, simulators, wiki, etc.
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Questions?
Any questions?
Thanks!