na +
DESCRIPTION
= Cl -. = Na +. Aqueous Solution (ions dissociate). Na +. Cl -. Na +. Cl -. Cl -. salt. Na +. NaCl solid. NaCl ( aq ). Before mixing. Fresh water. Water molecule. After mixing. Saltwater solution. Water molecule. Chloride ion, Cl -. Sodium ion, Na +. Ions in Solution. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Na+
Na+
Na+Cl-
Cl-
Cl-
NaCl solid
salt
NaCl (aq) = Na+ = Cl-
Aqueous Solution(ions dissociate)
Ions in Solution
After mixing Saltwater solution
Water molecule
Chloride ion, Cl-
Sodium ion, Na+
Before mixing Fresh water
Water molecule
Electrolytes
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 290
ElectrolytesElectrolytes - solutions that carry an electric current
NaCl(aq) Na+ + Cl- HF(aq) H3O+ + F-
Hydronium
Ion
strong electrolyte weak electrolyte nonelectrolyte
Solubility and Precipitates • Solubility is the ability of a compound to be
dissolved in a given liquid (normally water). If it does not dissolve, it is insoluble, and a precipitate forms.
1. Write chemical equation.2. Determine from solubility rules if any
compound(s) formed are insoluble in solution. (Na+, K+, NH4
+, NO3- ions are soluble)
3. If compound(s) are insoluble, use symbol (s) to designate “solid precipitate” is formed.
‘hard’ water
carbonic acid
Step 1: Acid rain is formed
Step 2: Acid rain dissolves limestone
Water softner
H2O + CO2 H2CO3
H2CO3 + CaCO3 Ca(HCO3)2
H2CO3 + MgCO3 Mg(HCO3)2
Step 3: Hard water is heated and deposits scales
Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3(s) + H2O + CO2
Mg(HCO3)2 MgCO3(s) + H2O + CO2
scales on pipes