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MX960 Router

Kashif Latif

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MX960 Router Overview

The MX960 3D Universal Edge Router is an

Ethernet-optimized edge router that provides bothswitching and carrier-class Ethernet routing.

The MX960 router has a capacity of up to 1,320

gigabits per second (Gbps), full duplex.

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CountThe MX960 router enables a wide range of businessand residential applications and services, includinghigh-speed transport and VPN services, next-

generation broadband multiply services, and high-volume Internet data center internetworking.

The MX960 chassis provides redundancy and

resiliency. The hardware system is fully redundant,including power supplies, fan trays, RoutingEngines, and Switch Control Boards.

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CountThe MX960 router is 16 rack units (U) tall. Three routers

can be stacked in a single floor-to-ceiling rack, for

increased port density per unit of floor space.

The router provides 14 slots that can be populated

with up to 12 Dense Port Concentrators (DPCs)

or Modular Port Concentrators(MPCs), six

Flexible PIC Concentrators(FPCs), and twoSwitch Control Boards(SCBs) in nonredundant

fabric configurations.

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MX960 Hardware Components MX960 Chassis Description

MX960 Rack-Mounting Hardware

MX960 Midplane Description

MX960 Dense Port Concentrator (DPC)

MX960 Modular Port Concentrator (MPC)

MX960 Modular Interface Card MX960 Switched Fabric (SF)

MX960 Flexible PIC

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MX960 PIC

MX960 Host Subsystem

MX960 Switch Control Board (SCB)

MX960 Routing Engine (RE)

MX960 Craft Interface Description

MX960 Power System Description

MX960 Cooling System

MX960 Cable Manager

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MX960 Chassis Description

The router chassis is a rigid sheet metal structure

that houses all the other router. The chassis installs inmany types of racks, including 800-mm deep (or

larger) enclosed cabinets, standard19-in. equipment

racks, or telco open-frame racks.

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MX960 Rack-Mounting HardwareThe rack-mounting hardware for the MX960 routerincludes:

The large mounting shelf for mounting in four-post

racks, cabinets, and open-frame racks. The small mounting shelf for front-mounting in a four-

post rack or cabinet.

Front-mounting flanges on the front of the chassis forfront-mounting in a four-post rack or cabinet.

Two center-mounting brackets attached to the centerof the chassis for center-mounting in an open-framerack. For an open-frame rack, center-mounting ispreferable because of the more even distribution ofweight.

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MX960 Midplane DescriptionThe midplane is located toward the rear of the chassisand forms the rear of the card cage.

The midplane performs the following major functions:

Data PathData packets are transferred across themidplane between the line cards through the fabric ASICson the SCBs.

Power DistributionThe router power suppliesconnect to the midplane, which distributes power to all

the router components.Signal PathThe midplane provides the signal pathto the line cards, SCBs, Routing Engines, and other systemcomponents for monitoring and control of the system.

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MX960 Dense Port Concentrator

A Dense PortConcentrator (DPC) isoptimized for Ethernetdensity.

The DPC assemblycombines packetforwarding andEthernet interfaces on

a single board, witheither two or four10-Gbps PacketForwarding Engines.

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CountThe router has 11 dedicated DPC slots. DPCs install verticallyin the front of the router. The dedicated DPC slots arenumbered 0 though 5, and 7

though11, left to right. An additional multifunction slot

labeled2/6 supports either an SCB or a DPC. ADPC can beinstalled in any slot that supports DPCs. You can install anycombination of DPC types in the router.

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DPC ComponentsEach DPC consists of the following components: DPC cover, which functions as a ground plane and a stiffener

Fabric interfaces

Two Giga bit Ethernet interfaces that allow control information,

route information, and Statistics to be sent between the RoutingEngine and the CPU on the DPCs

Two interfaces from the SCBs that enable the DPCs to bepowered on and controlled

Physical DPC connectors

Two or four Packet Forwarding Engines

Mid plane connectors and power circuitry

Process or sub system, which includes a1.2-GHz CPU, systemcontroller, and1GB of SDRAM

Online buttonTakes the DPC online or offline when pressed

LEDs on the DPC face plate.

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MX960 Modular Port ConcentratorModular Port Concentrators (MPCs) provide packet

forwarding services. The MPCs are inserted into a slot in

a router.

Modular Interface Cards (MICs) provide the physical

interfaces and install into the MPCs. You can install up

to two MICs of different media types on the sameMPC as long as the MPC supports those MICs. The

MX960 router supports up to 12 MPCs.

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CountWhen a slot is not occupied by an MPC or other line card, you mustinsert a blank DPC panel to fill the empty slot and ensure proper coolingof the system.

MPCs are hot-removable and hot-insert able. When you install an MPC inan operating router, the Routing Engine downloads the MPC software,the MPC runs its diagnostics, and the Packet Forwarding Engines housed

on the MPC are enabled. Forwarding on other MPCs continuesuninterrupted during this process.

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MPC ComponentsEach MPC consists of the following components: MPC card carrier, which includes two MIC slots (excludes the fixed

configuration MPC)

Fabric interfaces

Two Giga bit Ethernet interfaces that allow control information, route

information, and statistics to be sent between the Routing Engine and the CPUon the MPCs

Two interfaces from the SCBs that enable the MPCs to be powered on andcontrolled

Physical MPC connectors

Up to four Junos Trio chipsets, which perform control functions tailored to theMPCs media type.

Mid plane connector sand power circuitry Process or subsystem, which includes a1.5-GHz CPU, system controller,

and1GB of SDRAM.

Online button which takes the MPC online or offline when pressed

OK/Fail LED on the MPC face plate.

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MX960 Modular Interface CardModular Interface Cards (MICs) install into Modular

Port Concentrators (MPCs) and provide the physical

connections to various network media types. MICsallow different physical interfaces to be supported on

a single line card.

MICs are hot-removable and hot-insertable. You caninstall up to two MICs in the slots in each MPC.

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MX960 Switched Fabric (SF)

Switched Fabric is a network topology where

network nodes connect with each other via one or

more network switches.

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Count Each PFE (Packet Forwarding Engines) is connected to all

Fabric Planes.

Diagram shows only two DPCs (FPCs) in the chassis.

All other DPCs are also connected in same way.

4 Active Planes and 2 Spare Planes.

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MX960 Flexible PIC ConcentratorA Flexible PIC Concentrator (FPC) occupies two Dense

Port Concentrator (DPC) slots on an MX Series router.

The MX960 router has 11 dedicated DPCs lots and one

multi functions lot that supports either a DPC, FPC, orSwitch Control Board (SCB). The dedicated DPC slots are

numbered 0 though 5, and 7 though 11, left to right. The

multi functions lot is labeled 2/6.

Up to six FPC scan be installed vertically in any two slots

that support FPCs. The interface corresponds to the

lowest numbered DPC slot for which the FPC is installed.

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FPC ComponentsEach FPC consists of the following components: FPC card carrier, which includes two PIC slots

Up to two Packet Forwarding Engines, each consisting ofone I-chip for Layer 3 processing and one Layer 2 network

processor Mid plane connectors and power circuitry

Process or subsystem (PMB), which includes a1.2-GHzCPU, system controller, 1GB of SDRAM, and two Giga bitEthernet interfaces

Two LEDs, located on the craft interface above the FPC,that display the status of the FPC and are labeled OK andFAIL

FPC online/offline button, located on the craft interfaceabove the FPC

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MX960 PICPICs provide the physical connection to various networkmedia types, receiving incoming packets from the networkand transmitting out going packets to the network. Duringthis process, each PIC performs framing and line-speedsignaling for its media type. Before transmitting out going datapackets, the PICs encapsulate the packets received from theFPCs. Each PIC is equipped with an ASIC that performscontrol functions specific to the media type of that PIC.

PICs are hot-removable and hot-insert able. Up to two PICs

can be installed in the slots in each FPC. Up to six FPCs canbe installed in an MX960 router. PICs used in an FPC2 havecaptive screws at their upper and lower corners. PICs used ina Type 3 FPC have an upper eject or handle and a lowercaptive screw.

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MX960 Host Subsystem

The host subsystem provides the routing and system

management functions of the router. You can install

one or two host subsystems on the router. Each host

subsystem functions as a unit; the Routing Engine

must be installed directly into the Switch Control

Board.

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MX960 Switch Control BoardThe Switch Control Board (SCB) provides thefollowing functions:

Powers on and powers off DPCs, FPCs, and MPCs

Controls clocking, system resets, and booting

Monitor sand controls system functions, includingfan speed, board power status, PDM status andcontrol, and the craft interface

Provides inter connections to all the DPCs, FPCs,and MPCs with in the chassis through the switchfabrics integrated into the SCB

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SCB ComponentsEach SCB consists of the following components: Chassis management Ethernet switch

I2C bus logic, used for low-level communication

with each component

Component redundancy circuitry

Control Board/Routing Engine master ship

mechanism Gigabit Ethernet switch that is connected to the

embedded CPU complex on all components

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Count Switch fabricProvides the switching functions forthe DPCs, FPCs, and MPCs

Control FPGAProvides the Peripheral ComponentInterconnect (PCI) interface to the Routing Engine

1000Base-T Ethernet controllerProvides a 1-GbpsEthernet link between the Routing Engines

Ethernet switchProvides 1-Gbps link speedsbetween the Routing Engine and the DPCs, FPCs, andMPCs

Circuits for chassis management and control Power circuits for the Routing Engine and SCB

LEDsProvide status

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MX960 Routing Engine

If the host system is redundant, the backup Routing

Engine is hot-removable and hot-insertable, but the

master Routing Engine is hot-pluggable.

A Routing Engine that is not redundant is hot-

pluggable.

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Supported Routing EnginesThe MX960 router supports the following RoutingEngines:

RE-S-1300-2048 supported for Junos OS Release 8.2

and later. RE-S-2000-4096 supported for Junos OS Release 8.2

and later.

RE-S-1800x2 supported for Junos OS Release 10.4and later.

RE-S-1800x4 supported for Junos OS Release 10.4and later.

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Routing Engine FunctionThe Routing Engine runs the Junos OS. Software

processes that run on the Routing Engine maintain

the routing tables, manage the routing protocols usedon the router, control the router interfaces, control

some chassis components, and provide the interface

for system management and user access to the

router.

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Routing Engine SlotsYou can install one or two Routing Engines in the

router. Each Routing Engine must be installed directly

in to an SCB. A USB port on the Routing Engine

accepts a USB memory device that allows you toload Junos OS.

The Routing Engines install in to the front of the

chassis in vertical slots directly into the SCBs

labeled 0 and1.

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Count If two Routing Engines are installed, one functions as

the master and the other acts as the backup. If the

master Routing Engine fails or is removed and the

backup is configured appropriately, the backup takesover as the master.

On the MX960 router, a Routing Engine installed in

SCB slot 2/6 receives no power and supplies noadditional routing functions. If no SCB is installed in

slot2/6, install a blank panel in the slot.

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Routing Engine Interface PortsThree ports, located on the right side of the routingengine, connect the Routing Engine to one or more

external devices on which system administrators can

issue Junos OS command-line interface (CLI)commands to manage the router.

The ports with the indicated labels function as

follows:

1. AUX

2. CONSOLE

3. ETHERNET

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Count AUXConnects the Routing Engine to a laptop, modem,or other auxiliary device through a serial cable with an RJ-45 connector.

CONSOLEConnects the Routing Engine to a system

console through a serial cable with an RJ-45 connector. ERNEETHTConnects the Routing Engine through an

Ethernet connection to a management LAN (or any otherdevice that plugs into an Ethernet connection) for out-of-band management. The port uses an auto sensing RJ-45

connector to support 10-Mbps or100 Mbps connections.Two small LEDs on the bottom of the port indicate theconnection in use: the LED flashes yellow or green for a10-Mbps or100-Mbps connection, and the LED is light greenwhen traffic is passing through the port.

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Routing Engine Boot SequenceThe router is shipped with the Junos OS preinstalled onthe Routing Engine. There are three copies of software:

1. One copy on the CompactFlash card in the RoutingEngine.

2. One copy on the hard disk in the Routing Engine.3. One copy on a USB flash drive that can be inserted

into the slot on the Routing Engine faceplate.

The Routing Engine boots from the storage media inthis order: the USB device (if present), then theCompactFlash card, then the hard disk, then the LAN.Normally, the router boots from the copy of thesoftware on the CompactFlash card.

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MX960 Craft InterfaceThe craft interface allows you to view status andtroubleshooting information at a glance and to perform manysystem control functions. It is hot-insert able and hot-removable.

The craft interface is located on the front of the router abovethe upper fan tray and contains LEDs for the routercomponents, the alarm relay contacts, and alarm cutoff button.

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MX960 Power SystemThe MX960 router uses either ACor DCpowersupplies. The MX960 router is configurable withthree or four normal-capacity AC power supplies, up

to four high-capacity DC power supplies, and up tofour high-capacity AC power supplies.

The power supplies connect to the midplane,

which distributes the different output voltagesproduced by the power supplies to the routercomponents, depending on their voltagerequirements.

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MX960 Cooling SystemThe cooling system consists of the followingcomponents:

1. Upper front fan tray

2. Lower front fan tray

3. Front air filter

The cooling system components work together tokeep all router components within the acceptable

temperature range.

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MX960 Cable ManagerThe standard cable manager is a tray located belowthe line-card cage, which has a row of fourteen

dividers for securing the cables for each Dense Port

Concentrator (DPC), Modular Port Concentrator(MPC), Modular Interface Card (MIC), or PIC.

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Installing an MX960 RouterTo install the MX960 router follow these steps:1. Prepare your installation site

2. Review the safety guidelines

3. Unpack the router and verify the parts

4. Install the mounting hardware

5. Lift the router on to the rack. Because of the weight ofthe router, we recommend that you use a mechanical lift

6. Connect cables to the network and external devices

7. Connect the grounding cable

8. Connect the AC power cord or DC power cables

9. Power on the router

10. Perform the initial system configuration

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Tools and Parts Required to Maintain

the MX960 RouterTo maintain hardware components, you need the

following tools and parts:

1. ESD grounding wrist strap

2. Flat-blade () screwdriver

3. Phillips (+) screwdriver, number 1

4. Phillips (+) screwdriver, number 2

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Troubleshooting Resources for

MX960 RoutersThese are the resources which are helpful ontroubleshooting for MX960 routers:

1. Command-Line Interface

2. Chassis and Interface Alarm Messages

3. Alarm Relay Contacts

4. Craft Interface LEDs5. Component LEDs

6. Networks Technical Assistance Center

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MX960 Field-Replaceable UnitsField-replaceable units (FRUs) are router componentsthat can be replaced at the customer site. Replacing mostFRUs requires minimal router downtime. The router uses

the following types of FRUs:Hot-removable and hot-insert able FRUsYoucan remove and replace these components withoutpowering off the router or disrupting the routingfunctions.

Hot-pluggable FRUsYou can remove and replacethese components without powering off the router, butthe routing functions of the system are interrupted whenthe component is removed.

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Hot-Removable and Hot-Insert able FRUs

1. Air filter

2. Craft interface

3. Backup Switch Control Board (SCB) (if redundant)

4. Master Switch Control Board (SCB) (if nonstop active routingis configured)

5. Backup Routing Engine (if redundant)

6. Master Routing Engine (if nonstop active routing is configured)

7. Dense Port Concentrators (DPCs)

8. Flexible PIC Concentrators (FPCs)

9. Modular Port Concentrators (MPCs)

10. Modular Interface Cards (MICs)

11. PICs

12. AC and DC power supplies (if redundant)

13. Fan tray

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Hot-Pluggable FRUs

1. Master Switch Control Board (SCB) (if nonstop

active routing is not configured)

2. Master Routing Engine (if nonstop active routing

is not configured)

3. Switch Control Board (SCB) (non redundant)

4. Routing Engine (non redundant)

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General Safety Guidelines of

Hardware EquipmentThe following guidelines help ensure your safety and protect thehardware equipment from damage. The list of guidelines might notaddress all potentially hazardous situations in your workingenvironment, so be alert and exercise good judgment at all times.

Make sure that only authorized service personnel performother system services.

Keep the area around the chassis clear and free from dustbefore, during, and after installation.

Keep tools away from areas where people could trip over themwhile walking.

Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry, such as rings, bracelets,

or chains, which could become caught in the chassis. Wear safety glasses if you are working under any conditions

that could be hazardous to your eyes.

Do not perform any actions that create a potential hazard topeople or make the equipment unsafe.

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Count Never attempt to lift an object that is too heavy for one person

to handle.

Never install or manipulate wiring during electrical storms.

Never install electrical jacks in wet locations unless the jacksare specifically designed for wet environments.

Operate the hardware equipment only when the chassis isproperly grounded.

Do not open or remove chassis covers or sheet metal parts.

Do not push or force any objects through any opening in thechassis frame. Such an action could result in electrical shock orfire.

Avoid spilling liquid onto the chassis or onto any hardwarecomponent. Such an action could cause electrical shock ordamage the hardware equipment.

Avoid touching uninsulated electrical wires or terminals thathave not been disconnected from their power source. Such anaction could cause electrical shock.

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Tools and Parts Required to Remove

Components from an MX960 RouterTo remove components from the router or the router from arack, you need the following tools and parts:

1. 2.5-mm flat-blade () screwdriver, for detaching alarm relayterminal block

2. 7/16-in. (11 mm) nut driver3. Blank panels to cover empty slots

4. Electrostatic bag or antistatic mat, for each component

5. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) grounding wrist strap

6. Flat-blade () screwdriver

7. Mechanical lift, if available8. Phillips (+) screwdrivers, numbers 1 and 2

9. Rubber safety cap for fiber-optic interfaces or cable

10. Wire cutters

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Kashif Latif