mw palning training

8/13/2019 MW Palning Training

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Training on Microwave Communcation

By Nilesh Patel


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Training Content


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Wave Propagation in the atmosphere


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Advantages of Microwave system

Microwave radio offers a number of compelling advantages over cable/fiber-basedtransmission

Rapid Deployment

No right-of-way issues

Flexibility

Easily crosses city terrain

Operator-owned infrastructure - no reliance on competitors.

Low start-up capital costs, which are independent of the link distance.

Minimal recurring operational costs.

Microwave radio is not susceptible to common catastrophic failure of cable

systems caused by cable cuts, and can be repaired in minutes instead of hours or

days.


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Terrestrial MW system


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MW are electromagnetic radiation(EMR) with very short wavelength.

MW wavelength varies from 2.5 to 15 Cm.

As MW have short wavelength they have considerably high frequency.

MW frequency band is from 3 to 30 GHz.

GHz band have very low Noise.

MW are used for Point to Point and Point to Multi point Communication

Characteristics of MW


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Space diversity is used to minimize the effect of Multi path fading


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Standard antennas have VSWR in range of 1.06 to 1.15. High performanceAntennas(Low VSWR antennas) Have a VSWR in range of 1.04 to1.06.


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It is called

Combined diversity


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Antenna gain depends on Antenna diameter and Frequency


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Star NW

Linear NW

Ring NW


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Connectivity through MW

Outdoor RF

from6 GHz to 38 GHz

Single Coax Cable(Non-protected)

Digital Modem Unit

STM-1 Optical

(155 Mbps)

OutdoorUnit

STM-1 Optical

(155 Mbps)

Indoor Unit

OutdoorUnit

Digital Modem Unit

SDH Mux SDH Mux

63 x E1/ 3 x E3/ Mix 63 x E1/ 3 x E3/ Mix

Indoor Unit


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System Configurations

Nonprotected transmitter and receiver NN 1+0

Monitored Hot Standby transmitter and receiverHH 1+1

Monitored Hot Standby transmitter and space

diversity receivers

( For 6-15 GHz Only)

HS 1+1


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Broad Frequency Range

Long Haul: 20 - 60 km

38 GHz 6 GHz

Short Haul: 3 - 20 km

A i T i P C l


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Automatic Transmit Power Control

Automatic Power Control (ATPC) adjust the Tx outputpower based on the varying signals at the receiver.

ATPC allows the Altium radio Tx Power amplifier tooperate at two possible levels.

When fading happens, ATPC will switch to a hightransmit output power and maintains it at that level, untthe fading condition is over.

Altium uses ATPC algorithm, the ATPC Manager, tomonitor BER and RSL. By Monitoring these criteria, thadditional power (+7 dBm ATPC On) required to

maintain the link can be applied as necessary.


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Time

RSL

ATPC Off

ATPC On

Fading

Stopped Fading

7 dB

7 dB

15 dB

BER = 10-

BER = 10-6

10

Th + 15 dB

Automatic Transmit Power Control


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ADM

Cost Effective

Rapid DeploymentPossible

STM-1 Ring

ADM

ADM

Non Protected Radios

Path Diversity

Application Examples:


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PDH Radio System

Application Examples:

ODU


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The ODU converts data from the IDU into

an RF signal for transmission.

It also converts the RF signal from the far

end to suitable data to transmit to the IDU.

ODU

RF Plug-in Module

The RF Plug-in module consists of the RF transceiver assembly andthe IF assembly.

Together with the synthesizer oscillator, the RF Plug-in module

performs the dual upconversion and dual downconversion function.


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RF Distribution Module

(Diplexer)(Circulator)

The RF distribution module provides isolation

between the transmitted signal and the receivedsignal through filters and circulators.

RF Distribution Module (Diplexer)


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RF Distribution Module (Diplexer)

Circulator

RX

TX

The RF Distribution

module separates the

transmitted signals

from the received

signals and connects

to the antenna either

directly or through a

waveguide.

The receive filter rejects

any out-of-band signal,

which can interfere with

the received signal.

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