musical classicism. alicia magdalena cuesta
DESCRIPTION
Power Point about musical Classicism, with links to music and documentariesTRANSCRIPT
Social & Historical Context
Era of inventions
Isaac Newton
1705 Máquina de vapor 1714 Termómetro de mercurio Fahrenheit 1719 Impresión en colores 1738 Teoría de los gases Bernoulli, Daniel Suiza 1742 Grados centígrados o celsius 1752 Pararrayos 1776 Submarino “Tortuga” (Primero de la historia) 1780 Lentes bifocales 1783 Globo aerostático Montgolfier 1784 Refrigerador (primitivo) Cullen 1785 Paracaídas Blanchard 1785 Telar mecánico Cartwright1790 Lámpara de gas Murdoch 1795 Prensa hidráulica Bramah 1796 Litografía Senefelder 1800 Pila eléctrica Volta
Peaceful period: there were no major wars in Europe, but across the ocean took place the War of American Independence.
Middle class expanded, result of the Industrial Revolution =
increasing number of amateur musicians public concerts became popular
The Enlightenment or Age of Reason
(Ilustración, Siglo de las Luces).
Cultural movement of intellectuals emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.
Voltaire Rousseau
Aesthetic principles
Beauty ideals of the Ancient Classicism: simplicity, clarity, functionality, proportion.
- melodies are recognizable, symmetrical and simple (and happier! ) :
Harmony and rhythm are also clear and stable.
Activity: Listen to the Sonata KV 545 by
Mozart and try to distinguish themes A and B.
- this melody allows to create well defined schemes:
A – transition - B / Development / A – transition - B
Most important musical forms:
Sonata (2 or 3 instruments)Mozart Piano Sonata in C, K. 545
Symphony (orchestra)
Mozart Symphony no. 40, K.550
Concert (orchestra and soloist)
Mozart Flute Concert, K.314
'Opera buffa' (comic opera) becomes very popular.
Seek information about the argument of the Magic Flute, by Mozart
Musical center: Viena (Austria)
Musical Instruments
Appear (click on the images to listen the instruments):
Clarinet Pianoforte
Disappear
Viola da gamba Harpischord Recorder
Composers: Joseph Haydn (1732 –
1809, Austria)
"Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet“
He was friend of Mozart and teacher of Beethoven
Family Esterhazy was his most famous patron
Haydn had a great sense of humor, evident in his love of jokes which often appear in his music
Some of his most famous compositions: Surprise Symphony, Toy Symphony
Small biography in spanish, click here
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791, Austria)
Wunderkind: infant prodigy
He was born in Salzburg
His father was a violinist and composer
He was restless, he worked and loved games and animals
He died at 35.
He wrote more than 600 compositions= 200 hours of music
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 – 1826, Germany)
He was born in Bonn
Last of the classics and first of the romantics
His father wanted him to be an infant prodigy
At 17, he went to Viena and met Mozart
At 22, he started to get deaf
He suffered heartsbreaks but never got married
His most famous works are his 32 piano sonatas and his 9 symphonies
BBC The genius of Beethoven (click)Inmortal Beloved trailer