music test notes - the baroque era

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Music Test Notes: The Baroque Era Topics: Introduction to Baroque Music Johann Sebastian Bach Georg Friedrich Handel Arcangelo Corelli Different Styles of Baroque Music Introduction to Baroque Music - “baroque” from Italian word “barocco”, means irregular pearl - used i n the 1860s to d escribe the hig hly decorated style of the 1 7 th and 18the century for religious, public buildings in Italy, Germany and Austria. - only later, in early to mid 1900s, was the term “baroque” applied to music.  - started around 1600 to 1750 - major theme = exploration of form - 1700-1750 = “high baroque” period - new forms in music i nclude fugue, c anon, variations on a b assline, a chorale etc. - geographical influences = North Germany and Holland - North-German and Dutch composers focusing on mainly the art of counterpoint, especially the fugue - organ and voice = major elements - Handel studied with Corelli in Rome from 1704-1710 - intermingling of musical trends from different parts of Europe was extensive - composers learnt music by copying the mu sic of many of his contemporary composers, often rewriting them for different instruments - two major influences in Germany = the Church, the States - focused on the harpsichord - “concerto” means get together  - typical features of baroque music: exuberance, long melodies, many ornaments, contrasts (especially in dynamics) Johann Sebastian Bach - born in Leipzig, Germany in 1685 (same as Handel) - Bach family members were church and court musicians, teachers and one or two were instrument-makers very musical family - died in 1750 - the art of the fugue - pieces: Goldberg Variations, Brandenburg Concertos Georg Friedrich Handel

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8/3/2019 Music Test Notes - The Baroque Era

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Music Test Notes: The Baroque Era

Topics:Introduction to Baroque Music

Johann Sebastian BachGeorg Friedrich HandelArcangelo CorelliDifferent Styles of Baroque Music

Introduction to Baroque Music 

- “baroque” from Italian word “barocco”, means irregular pearl- used in the 1860s to describe the highly decorated style of the 17th and

18the century – for religious, public buildings in Italy, Germany andAustria.

- only later, in early to mid 1900s, was the term “baroque” applied to music. - started around 1600 to 1750- major theme = exploration of form- 1700-1750 = “high baroque” period - new forms in music include fugue, canon, variations on a bassline, a

chorale etc.- geographical influences = North Germany and Holland- North-German and Dutch composers focusing on mainly the art of

counterpoint, especially the fugue- organ and voice = major elements

- Handel studied with Corelli in Rome from 1704-1710- intermingling of musical trends from different parts of Europe wasextensive

- composers learnt music by copying the music of many of his contemporarycomposers, often rewriting them for different instruments

- two major influences in Germany = the Church, the States- focused on the harpsichord- “concerto” means get together  - typical features of baroque music: exuberance, long melodies, many

ornaments, contrasts (especially in dynamics)

Johann Sebastian Bach

- born in Leipzig, Germany in 1685 (same as Handel)- Bach family members were church and court musicians, teachers and one

or two were instrument-makers – very musical family- died in 1750- the art of the fugue- pieces: Goldberg Variations, Brandenburg Concertos

Georg Friedrich Handel

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- born in Halle, Germany, 1685 (same as Bach)

- travelled a lot.- When he travelled in Italy, he met Arcangelo Corelli and learned the style

of Italian opera.

- became famous at only 20-something years old – very young age- He wrote songs for George I, such as the Water Music for certainoccasions, when King George I walked down the water bridge

- most famous piece was the Hallelujah Chorus in the Messiah- brought Italian singers to sing his operas in London- is currently buried in Westminister Abbey in London- pieces: The Messiah, Water Music

Georg Philipp Telemann- born in Germany 1681, died 1767- composer

Arcangelo Corelli

- born in Italy 1653- died in 1713- influenced many composers- violinist, composer and teacher- piece: Sonata for violin and lute

Different Styles of Baroque Music

- Inventiono Opposite (up-down, left-right) = the same

- Ground Basso Bass notes stay the same throughout the entire piece

- Retrograde Motiono Contrapuntal technique in which the melody notes are read

backwards

- Canono a contrapuntal composition that employs a melody with one or

more limitations of the melody played after a given duration