music of the middle east
DESCRIPTION
Music of the Middle East. The music of the Middle East encompasses the musical systems of Iran (Persia), the Arab diaspora, and Turkey. Each region shares five traditions similar to Western music. Islamic cultural and musical values affect what is and is not considered music. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Music of the Middle East
![Page 2: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The music of the Middle East
encompasses the musical systems of Iran (Persia), the
Arab diaspora, and Turkey
![Page 3: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Each region shares five traditions
similar to Western music
![Page 4: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Islamic cultural and
musical values affect what is
and is not considered
music
![Page 5: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
There are three prominent features that unite Middle Eastern
musical culture
![Page 6: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1. Vocal and compositional
styles are derived from the recitation
of the Holy Koran
![Page 7: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
2. Music creates a kind of ecstatic, emotional bond
between performer and audience
![Page 8: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
3. The “suite,” or collection of individual pieces played together, is the major unifying
compositional principle
![Page 9: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
In the Middle East, music is generally considered an indulgence and therefore not
good
![Page 10: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
In the Middle East amateur musicians maintain a higher status than professionals
![Page 11: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
In Western culture, improvised music has a tonal and structural framework
Arabic music has maqam
![Page 12: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ensemble music has a special kind of
monophony called heterophony
![Page 13: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What are the differences between Middle Eastern and Indian ensemble textures?
![Page 14: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Islam is the most distinctive feature of the Middle East as a cultural area
![Page 15: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Religious ambivalence has not prohibited musical activity
![Page 16: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Perhaps the most obvious difference is the definition of “music,” which is very narrow
![Page 17: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
On a sliding scale, between khandan and musiqi, where can we place
different types of Western music, from church hymns to punk rock?
![Page 18: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Professional musicians are
mostly specialists
![Page 19: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The scholarly study of music is admired
![Page 20: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chanting of the Holy Koran, CD 1 track 4
![Page 21: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
There is a broad similarity between Iranian traditions and those of Arabic and Turkish areas
![Page 22: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
There are numerous instruments common to
Iranian music
![Page 23: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The tar is a heavy, long-necked lute with
frets
![Page 24: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The kamancheh
(spiked fiddle)
![Page 25: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The santour (hammered dulcimer)
![Page 26: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The violin (played in the Western fashion)
![Page 27: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
What are the similarities and differences between the Middle Eastern chordophones
and chordophones found elsewhere throughout the word?
![Page 28: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The ney (bamboo
flute)
![Page 29: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The dombak or zarb (goblet-shaped drum)
![Page 30: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
In Iran, learning classical music and learning to improvise are more or less
synonymous
![Page 31: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What are some similarities between Middle Eastern and Indian music improvisation?
![Page 32: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Scales and arpeggios of
Western music are similar to the radif
![Page 33: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Radif is the basic repertoire used as the foundation for composition and
improvisation
![Page 34: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
A typical Iranian
performance ideally consists
of five parts
![Page 35: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Chahar Mezrab in Mahour, performed on santour. Textbook CD1, track 5.
![Page 36: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
An Avaz in Shur. Textbook CD1, track 7
![Page 37: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Radif of Nour-Ali BoroumandCD 1 track 8
![Page 38: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
6 excerpts based on Daramad
CD1 track 11
![Page 39: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Although each version is
individual, the essential
characteristics of the daramad can
be heard
![Page 40: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
A performance in any maqam may modulate to another maqam
![Page 41: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Taqsim Nahawand
CD1 track 10
![Page 42: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Illustrations of Major Maqams
CD1 track 6
![Page 43: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Music of the dervishes is metric and ceremonial
![Page 44: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Popular music is typically a female singer accompanied by a small ensemble of
instruments
![Page 45: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Some of these singers, like Umm Kulthum, went beyond the music halls
![Page 46: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Ya Zalimni CD1, track 9
![Page 47: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Summary
![Page 48: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
The Middle East encompasses a large, diverse geographical and cultural area
![Page 49: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Middle Eastern music generally is highly improvised and heterophonic
![Page 50: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Vocal and instrumental music is generally highly
ornamented
![Page 51: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Vocal music predominates
![Page 52: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
The primary instrument is the
oud, a type of lute
![Page 53: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The most common musical form is the
suite
![Page 54: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
The best music is thought to inspire a trance-like, higher experience of life
![Page 55: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Maqam are used as the basis of all melodic creation
![Page 56: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
There is a strict hierarchy of music and performers
![Page 57: Music of the Middle East](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062502/5681488b550346895db5a200/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
What are the common beliefs in Christianity, Hinduism and Islam
concerning the origin of their vocal and instrument music?