music - carl schurz high school · 2010. 2. 2. · plans continued by catherine ii ? peter i...

The best team you never saw compete.

FLASHCARD PRINTOUTS MUSIC

Question Answer

1. Who invented the steam engine? James Watt (UMRG:5,1,1)

2. What social class grew most in the late 1700s? the middle class (bourgeoisie) (UMRG:5,1,2)

3. For how many centuries before the Revolution did the French government remain virtually unchanged?

five (UMRG:5,2,1)

4. Which doctrine gave religious justification for the secular authority of French monarchs?

the divine right of kings (UMRG:5,2,1)

5. How does the term Ancien Régime translate to English? ʺOld Regimeʺ (UMRG:5,2,1)

6. To what type of power does the term ʺsoft powerʺ refer?

cultural might (UMIRGRG:3,1,1)

7. To what type of power does the term ʺhard powerʺ refer?

military might (UMIRGRG:3,1,1)

8. In what palace did the French court begin to display art in public in the 1600s?

the Louvre Palace (UMIRGRG:3,1,2)

9. What dramatic art form did Louis XIV especially patronize?

opera (UMIRG:3,1,3)

10. To which composer did Louis XIV grant a monopoly on opera?

Jean‐Baptiste Lully (UMIRG:3,1,3)

11. Which intellectual and philosophical movement reached its peak in the 1700s?

the Enlightenment (UMRG:6,1,1)

12. According to USAD, approximately how many centuries did the Enlightenment movement encompass?

two (UMRG:6,1,1)

13. From what nation were the thinkers who dominated the Enlightenment movement?

France (UMRG:6,1,2)

14. What thinker synthesized various types of knowledge into his Encyclopédie?

Denis Diderot (UMRG:6,1,2)

15. What French term referred to followers of the Enlightenment?

philosophes (UMRG:6,1,2)

16. What was Immanuel Kantʹs home country? Germany (UMRG:6,1,2)

17. From which century are the scientific achievements that formed the foundation of the Enlightenment?

the 17th century (UMRG:6,1,3)

18. According to Enlightenment thinkers, from whom should monarchs derive their legitimacy?

their subjects (UMRG:6,1,3)

19. During the Enlightenment, what type of reasoning did rational thought and science replace as an explanation for natural phenomena?

theological reasoning (UMRG:6,1,1)

20. What two foreign monarchs patronized Voltaire? Frederick II and Catherine II (UMRG:6,2,2)

MUSIC FLASHCARDS DEMIDEC RESOURCES ©2009

II France Before Classicism

21. What is the term for foreign rulers who patronized French Enlightenment thinkers?

ʺenlightened despotsʺ (UMRG:6,2,1)

22. What country did Catherine II rule? Russia (UMRG:6,2,1)

23. What country did Frederick II rule? Prussia (UMRG:6,2,1)

24. What country did Joseph II rule? Austria (UMRG:6,2,1)

25. Which earlier ruler began some of the modernization plans continued by Catherine II ?

Peter I (UMRG:7,1,0)

26. According to USAD, what sort of state did Austria become during the violence of the French Revolution?

a police state (UMRG:7,1,0)

27. What was Frederick IIʹs attitude towards different religions in his realm?

tolerance (UMRG:7,1,0)

28. To what continent did Enlightenment thought quickly spread from Europe?

North America (UMRG:6,1,2)

29. From what nation were John Locke, David Hume, and Adam Smith?

Britain (UMRG:6,1,2)

30. Of what two nations was Rousseau? French and Swiss (UMRG:6,1,2)

31. In what country were the effects of the rising middle class the most dramatic?

France (UMRG:5,1,4)

32. Who wrote Nathan the Wise? Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (UMRG:7,2,0)

33. From what country was the author of Nathan the Wise? Germany (UMRG:7,1,1)

34. Between what three religious groups does Nation the Wise promote toleration?

Christians, Jews, and Muslims (UMRG:7,2,0)

35. Of what literary genre is Nathan the Wise an example? drama (UMRG:7,1,1)

36. True/False: Enlightenment‐era landscape paintings tend to be stylized.

False; Enlightenment‐era landscape paintings were characterized by a great degree of realism. (UMRG:7,2,0)

37. What artistic subject did Jean‐Baptiste‐Siméon Chardin tend to favor?

everyday life (UMRG:7,2,0)

38. At what palace were the most famous gardens of the Enlightenment?

Versailles (UMRG:7,2,0)

39. How can musical phrase structures influenced by Enlightenment thought be described?

symmetrical and balanced (UMRG:7,2 0)

40. What balanced musical form became prominent in the latter part of the 18th century?

sonata form (UMRG:7,2,0)

41. True/False: Some European governments, including that of Great Britain, had democratic elements by the time of the French Revolution.

True; The governments of some European nations, such as Great Britain, contained parliaments. (UMRG:5,1,3)

42. What is the term for the violent and unstable period following the French Revolution?

the Reign of Terror (UMRG:5,2,0)

43. In French, what term refers to the system which ended with the Revolution?

the Ancien Régime (UMRG:5,2,1)

44. During which century did Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon live?




45. According to Stephen Toulmin, what two words best describe the attitudes of the humanists of the 16th century?

tolerant and skeptical (UMRG:6,2,0)

46. What type of power did French monarchs demonstrate with musical and artistic displays?

soft power (UMRG:5,2,2)

47. What institutionʹs power did Joseph II limit? the Church (UMRG:6,2,2)

48. What sort of artists were popular subjects for 17th century portraits?

actors (UMRG:7,2,1)

49. What idea is reflected in the geometric patterns of the gardens of Versailles?

manʹs control over nature (UMRG:7,2,0)

50. What movement began due to technological and scientific advancements such as the steam engine?

the Industrial Revolution (UMRG:5,1,1)

51. In which century was Louis XIV born? the 17th century (UMRG:8,1,1)

52. What is Louis XIVʹs nickname? the ʺSun Kingʺ (UMRG:8,1,1)

53. What city was the musical center of France in the 18th century?

Paris (UMRG:8,1,1)

54. What sun god did Louis XIV play in a ballet during his reign?

Apollo (UMRG:8,1,1)

55. In which work did Louis XIV dance the role of a sun god?

The Ballet of the Night (UMRG:8,1,1)

56. During which century did Louis XIV die? the 18th century (UMRG:8,1,1)

57. Who was Louis XIVʹs court composer until 1687? Jean‐Baptiste Lully (UMRG:8,1,1)

58. True/False: After Lullyʹs death, Rameau was immediately recognized as Franceʹs leading operatic composer.

False; Lully did not have an immediate successor, as no other composer dared to write an opera during his time as court

composer. (UMRG:8,2,0)

59. In what country was Lully born? Italy (UMRG:8,2,1)

60. Aside from music, in what fine art was Lully highly skilled?

dancing (UMRG:8,2,1)

61. Which of his works was Lully conducting when he impaled his foot?

the Te Deum (UMRG:8,2,1)

62. How long after impaling his foot did Lully die of an infection?

three months (UMRG:8,2,1)

63. In the late 17th century, what object did conductors use to keep time?

a staff (UMRG:8,2,1)

64. By what three‐word term are Lullyʹs operas known? tragedies en musiques (ʺtragedies in musicʺ) (UMRG:8,2,1)

65. What ancient civilizationʹs theatrical tradition inspired Lully?

Greece (UMRG:8,2,1)

66. During what century were the poetic dramatists Jean Racine and Pierre Corneille active?


67. What composerʹs death usually marks the beginning of the transition phase to the Classical period?

Johann Sebastian Bach (UMRG:8,2,2)

68. What year marks the end of the Baroque period? 1750 (UMRG:8,2,2)



69. From what specific decorative art did the term ʺrococoʺ arise?

architecture (UMRG:8,2,3)

70. When did the term ʺrococoʺ first come into use? in the late 18th century (UMRG:8,2,3)

71. From what French word was ʺrococoʺ derived? Rocaille (UMRG:8,2,3)

72. Which nation produced most ʺrococoʺ music? France (UMRG:8,2,3)

73. Which composer is most often referred to as a ʺrococoʺ composer?

François Couperin (UMRG:8,2,3)

74. Who wrote Music in European Capitals: The Galant Style 1720‐1780?

Daniel Heartz (UMRG:8,2,4)

75. For what type of fine art is the word ʺrococoʺ generally intended?

visual art (UMRG:8,2,4)

76. Which painter is considered the first ʺrococoʺ artist? Jean‐Antoine Watteau (UMRG:9,1,0)

77. From what ancient cultures did Nicolas Poussin derive subject matter?

Greece and Rome (UMRG:9,1,1)

78. What subject matter did Watteau prefer to paint? groups of people (UMRG:9,1,1)

79. True/False: Watteauʹs paintings were more stylized than those of his predecessors.

False; Watteauʹs paintings were characterized by a realistic approach to his subjects. (UMRG:9,1,1)

80. What best describes the behavior of Watteauʹs subjects? natural (UMRG:9,1,2)

81. Who was the husband of Marie Antoinette? Louis XVI (UMRG:9,1,2)

82. At what palace was the famous model farm enjoyed by Marie Antoinette?

Versailles (UMRG:9,1,2)

83. As what did Marie Antoinette often dress at her model farm?

a peasant shepherdess (UMRG:9,1,2)

84. What type of musical texture was considered a ʺlearnedʺ compositional device in 18th‐century France?

contrapuntal texture (UMRG:9,1,3)

85. From what social grace does the ʺgalantʺ style take its name?

gallantry (UMRG:9,1,3)

86. During which half of the 18th century did the galant style begin to take hold?

the first half (UMRG:9,1,3)

87. Who emphasized the importance of the agreeable galant style in the Encyclopédie?

Voltaire (UMRG:9,1,3)

88. Who first used the term ʺgalantʺ in reference to music? Johann Mattheson (UMRG:9,1,4)

89. With what nationʹs music was the term ʺgalantʺ first associated?

Italy (UMRG:9,1,4)

90. From which nation were the composers who favored short keyboard pieces in a ʺgalantʺ style?

France (UMRG:9,2,0)

91. How can the dynamic range of the clavichord be described as compared to that of the harpsichord?

soft (UMRG:9,2,0)

92. Which German theorist made a distinction between ʺgalantʺ and ʺlearnedʺ styles in the late 18th century?

Heinrich Christopher Koch (UMRG:9,2,1)

93. What adjective best describes the melody and accompaniment textures of ʺgalantʺ music?

simple (UMRG:9,2,1)



94. With what social institution was the ʺlearnedʺ style of music frequently associated?

the Church (UMRG:9,2,1)

95. What is the meaning of the French word from which the term ʺrococoʺ is derived?

ʺshell workʺ (UMRG:8,2,3)

96. What was Lullyʹs original full name? Giovanni Battista Lulli (UMRG:8,2,1)

97. Under whose rule did French musical institutions become most centralized during the 17th and early 18th centuries?

Louis XIV (UMRG:8,1,1)

98. What is the term for a group of short musical pieces? a suite (UMRG:9,2 0)

99. True/False: Watteau tended to paint aristocratic patrons.

False; he painted actors, singers, and other participants in pastoral scenes. (UMRG:9,1,2)

100. True/False: Lully included large ballets in his operas. True; Lullyʹs operas included large ballets, elaborate stage designs, and cutting‐edge special effects. (UMRG:8,2,1)

101. What name was given to followers of Lully? Lullistes (UMRG:10,1,1)

102. In what city did the Concert spirituel entertain patrons?

Paris (UMRG:10,1,2)

103. In what palace did the Concert spirituel hold events? the Tuileries Palace (UMRG:10,1,2)

104. At what time of year were concert series originally the most prominent?

Lent (UMRG:10,1,2)

105. What type of vocal music did the Concert spirituel most frequently showcase?

sacred music (UMRG:10,1,2)

106. What characterized the difficulty level of instrumental works at the Concert spirituel?

They required virtuosity. (UMRG:10,1,2)

107. True/False: Concerts put on by the Concert spirituel were intended solely for the royal court and other aristocratic patrons.

False; The Concert spirituel concerts were open to anybody who could afford to attend. (UMRG:10,1,2)

108. What was Louis Couperinʹs relationship to the famous François Couperin?

He was François Couperinʹs uncle. (UMRG:10,1,3)

109. With what church was François Couperinʹs family associated?

St. Gervais (UMRG:10,1,4)

110. In what city did François Couperin grow up? Paris (UMRG:10,1,4)

111. To what instrument was François Couperin most frequently exposed at a young age?

organ (UMRG:10,1,4)

112. For what instrument did François Couperin write his most important works?

harpsichord (UMRG:10,2,1)

113. How many years did it take François Couperin to write Les nations?

30 (UMRG:10,2,1)

114. What instrument is featured in François Couperinʹs 1716 treatise?


115. What forms the central part of François Couperinʹs output?

four collections of keyboard music (UMRG:10,2,2)



116. What are François Couperinʹs collections of keyboard music called?

Livres (ʺBooksʺ) (UMRG:10,2,2)

117. What did François Couperin call his keyboard suites? Ordres (UMRG:10,2,2)

118. From which musical period are the suites mentioned by USAD similar to those of François Couperin?

the Baroque period (UMRG:10,2,2)

119. In what musical form are most of the pieces in François Couperinʹs keyboard suites?

binary form (UMRG:10,2,2)

120. What pieces serve as models for allemande, minuet, and gigue movements?

dances (UMRG:10,2,2)

121. What sort of 19th‐century musical works are similar to François Couperinʹs short pieces?

ʺcharacter piecesʺ (UMRG:11,1,0)

122. How did François Couperinʹs short pieces differ in presentation from those of other composers?

They had titles. (UMRG:11,1,0)

123. True/False: Representational instrumental music was very rare in 18th‐century France.

False; Composers often had something like a person or an event in mind when writing instrumental pieces in 18th ‐

century France. (UMRG:11,1,1)

124. How many pieces did François Couperin include in the 25th suite of his Book Four?

five (UMRG:11,1,1)

125. What instrument accompanies the chorus in François Couperinʹs early masses?

organ (UMRG:11,2,0)

126. In what Book did François Couperin include ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

Book 3 (UMRG:11,0,1)

127. What sound is suggested by the title ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ? that of a clock (UMRG:11,0,1)

128. What is one meaning of the word ʺChocʺ? ʺshockʺ or ʺimpactʺ (UMRG:11,0,1)

129. What is the alternative title of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ? ʺLes Maillotinsʺ (UMRG:11,0,1)

130. To what occupation might the alternate title of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ refer?

rope dancing (UMRG:11,0,1)

131. Why did François Couperin identify ʺTic Toc Chocʺ as a Pièce croisée?

It features many hand crossings. (UMRG:11,0,1)

132. What is the musical form of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ? rondeau (rondo) (UMRG:11,0,2)

133. How many bars long is the refrain of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ? 8 (UMRG:11,0,2)

134. What is another name for the contrasting interludes of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

couplets (UMRG:11,0,2)

135. In what key does ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ begin and end? F Major (UMRG:12,0,0)

136. What sense do the contrasting key areas add to ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

a sense of variety (UMRG:12,0,0)

137. What sense does the returning central key area add to ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

a sense of unity (UMRG:12,0,0)

138. How do the instructions Légerement et marqué translate in the context of ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

ʺlightly and markedlyʺ (UMRG:12,0,0)

139. From what country was Richard Strauss? Germany (UMRG:12,0,1)



140. Which composer worked ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ into his 1941 Divertimento?

Richard Strauss (UMRG:12,0,1)

141. In Richard Straussʹ Divertimento, what family of instruments was added to ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

the strings (UMRG:12,0,1)

142. On what instrument does Alexandre Tharaud perform ʺTic‐Toc‐Chocʺ?

piano (UMRG:12,0,1)

143. During which century did the Concert spirituel thrive? the 18th century (UMRG:10,1,2)

144. For what two keyboard instruments did Louis Couperin write many of his works?

harpsichord and organ (UMRG:10,1,3)

145. What were the two occupations of François Couperinʹs grandfather?

keyboardist and teacher (UMRG:10,1,3)

146. In which François Couperin piece does the middle musical line follow the top one?

ʺThe Wandering Shadowsʺ (UMRG:11,2,0)

147. To what does the title ʺLa Monflambertʺ refer? a specific individual (UMRG:11,1,1)

148. Which instrument did François Couperin only ever use in his early works?

organ (UMRG:10,2,0)

149. What is the French name of François Couperinʹs famous 1716 treatise?

Lʹart de toucher le clavecin (UMRG:10,2,1)

150. True/False: François Couperin was both a skilled composer and performer.

True; François Couperin is known for his many harpsichord compositions and even wrote a treatise on how to play the

instrument. (UMRG:10,1,3)

151. Who were the two most important musical figures of the early the 18th century?

Bach and Handel (UMRG:12,1,1)

152. What influential treatise did Jean‐Philippe Rameau publish in 1722?

Theory of Harmony (UMRG:12,1,1)

153. According to Rameau, what is the source of the laws of musical composition?

nature (UMRG:12,1,1)

154. Who has been considered the ʺIsaac Newton of Musicʺ? Jean‐Philippe Rameau (UMRG:12,1,1)

155. To what ensemble did Rameauʹs work add descriptive capabilities?

the orchestra (UMRG:12,1,2)

156. In what operaʹs overture does Rameau use flute and strings to represent the wind?

Les Boréades (UMRG:12,1,2)

157. What two instrumental families does Rameau use in his overture to Naïs to represent battle?

brass and percussion (UMRG:12,1,2)

158. What ideal does Rameauʹs opera Naïs promote? peace (UMRG:12,1,2)

159. At what age did Rameau complete his first great opera? 50 (UMRG:12,1,3)

160. What was the title of Rameauʹs first great tragic opera? Hippolyte et Aricie (UMRG:12,1,3)

161. How many Tragédies en Musique did Rameau compose?

five (UMRG:12,1,3)

162. What adjective best describes the central characters of Rameauʹs Tragédies en Musique?

complex (UMRG:12,2,0)

163. Which of Rameauʹs operas references the Masonic Order?

Zoroastre (UMRG:13,1,1)



164. Which of Mozartʹs operas references the Masonic Order?

The Magic Flute (UMRG:13,1,1)

165. Who is the title characterʹs nemesis in Rameauʹs Zoroastre?

Abramane (UMRG:13,1,2)

166. Who is the title characterʹs love interest in Rameauʹs Zoroastre?

Amélite (UMRG:13,1,2)

167. What musical mode represents the world of the title character in Rameauʹs Zoroastre?

the major mode (UMRG:13,2,0)

168. From what country was the historical Zoroaster? Persia (UMRG:13,2,1)

169. Which philosopher wrote Also sprach Zarathustra? Friedrich Nietzsche (UMRG:13,2,1)

170. What was the legal status of Freemasonry in 18th‐century France?

It was illegal. (UMRG:13,2,2)

171. What was the Querelle des bouffons? a 1750s ʺculture warʺ between French and Italian opera styles (UMRG:13,2,3)

172. In the 1750s, what Italian operatic style did younger French composers tend to favor?

comic opera (UMRG:13,2,3)

173. What adjective best describes the new Italian opera styles of the mid 1700s?

simple (UMRG:13,2,3)

174. What operatic style did Jean‐Jacques Rousseau favor? comic opera (opera buffa) (UMRG:13,2,4)

175. What state of mankind did Rousseau idealize? ʺnatural manʺ (ʺnoble savageʺ) (UMRG:13,2,4)

176. In what 1762 document did Rousseau write that the consent of the people legitimizes laws?

The Social Contract (UMRG:13,2,4)

177. Which nationʹs independence movement was greatly influenced by the ideas of Rousseau?

the United States of America (UMRG:14,1,0)

178. What American Transcendentalist writer was influenced by the ideas of Rousseau?

Ralph Waldo Emerson (UMRG:14,1,0)

179. In what nation did Rousseau give music lessons? Switzerland (UMRG:14,1,1)

180. To what city did Rousseau move in 1742? Paris (UMRG:14,1,1)

181. For what king was Rousseauʹs opera Le Devin du Village first performed?

Louis XV (UMRG:14,1,1)

182. What type of opera is Rousseauʹs Le Devin du Village? comic opera (UMRG:14,1,1)

183. What did Rousseauʹs musical lines lack? ornamentation (UMRG:14,2,0)

184. What skill level was required to play most of the French operas of the mid 1700s?

virtuosic (UMRG:14,2,0)

185. What evolving style influenced the music of the French Revolution?

the galant style (UMRG:14,2,1)

186. Which class had the most access to music at the time of Rousseau?

the ruling class (UMRG:14,2,1)

187. True/False: Rameau was the leading composer of opera in France during his career.

True: Although compositionally a late bloomer, Rameau ultimately became the most popular operatic composer in

France. (UMRG:14,2,5)

188. At what venue was Rousseauʹs Le Devin du Village performed a year after it was performed for the king?

the Paris Opéra (UMRG:14,1,1)



189. Which composerʹs writings on music theory most influenced Rousseau?

Rameau (UMRG:14,1,1)

190. What woman plots against the title character in Rameauʹs Zoroastre?

Erinice (UMRG:13,1,2)

191. How can the orchestral sounds accompanying Zoroastreʹs nemesis be described?

somber (UMRG:13,2,0)

192. What imagery symbolized wisdom in Masonic thought?

light (UMRG:13,2,0)

193. Which of Mozartʹs operatic characters has a name which is a variant of ʺZoroastreʺ?

Sarastro (UMRG:13,2,0)

194. From what region is the king who has recently died when Rameauʹs Zoroastre takes place?

Bactria (UMRG:13,1,2)

195. During which century was Also sprach Zarathustra written?


196. What does the vocal style of Rameauʹs Hippolyte et Aricie imitate?

speech (UMRG:12,1,3)

197. What was the initial public reaction to Rameauʹs musical style?

It was hailed as ʺfresh airʺ after Lullyʹs monopoly. (UMRG:13,2,3)

198. What movementʹs ideals did Rameau apply to his studies of music theory?


199. True/False: Rameauʹs reputation has always rested primarily on his compositions.

False: Although Rameau was a skilled composer, he also has an excellent reputation as a theorist. (UMRG:12,1,1)

200. What is the genre of Rameauʹs most important works? opera (UMRG:12,1,2)

201. Which style of French opera was influenced by Italian comic opera?

Opéra comique (UMRG:15,1,1)

202. Which style of 18th‐century French opera featured down‐to‐earth characters?


203. What style of French opera featured gods and kings as central characters?

Tragédie lyrique (UMRG:15,1,1)

204. What was the term for Franceʹs traditional French‐language opera?

Tragédie lyrique (UMRG:15,1,1)

205. What type of serious opera was the most popular throughout 18th‐century Europe?

opera seria (UMRG:15,1,1)

206. In what country did opera seria originate? Italy (UMRG:15,1,1)

207. What type of 18th‐century French opera featured the most ʺnaturalʺ singing style?


208. How did the use of mistaken identities in late 18th ‐century theater differ from the use of mistaken identities in ancient Roman theater?

In 18th‐century theatre, mistaken characters differed from one another in social standing. (UMRG:15,1,2)

209. Who wrote Menaechmi? Plautus (UMRG:15,1,2)

210. Which Shakespeare play drew plot elements from Menaechmi?

Comedy of Errors (UMRG:15,1,2)


III Classicism and Enlightenment in France

211. Who wrote the musical A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum?

Stephen Sondheim (UMRG:15,1,2)

212. What type of play most often featured mistaken identities?

comedy (UMRG:15,1,2)

213. Who wrote La Serva Padrona? Giovanni Battista Pergolesi (UMRG:15,1,3)

214. What type of opera is La Serva Padrona? comic opera (UMRG:15,1,3)

215. Upon what form of improvisational theater does La Serva Padrona draw?

commedia dellʹarte (UMRG:15,1,3)

216. What is the literal English translation of the phrase la serva padrona?

ʺthe maid who would be mistressʺ (UMRG:15,1,3)

217. Who wrote the play The Marriage of Figaro? Beaumarchais (UMRG:15,1,3)

218. Who wrote the opera The Marriage of Figaro? Mozart (UMRG:15,1,3)

219. What did Marie Antoinette supposedly say when told that the people had no bread?

ʺThen let them eat cake.ʺ (UMRG:15,2,2)

220. Who was Marie Antoinetteʹs mother? Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria (UMRG:15,2,2)

221. In what country was Marie Antoinette born? Austria (UMRG:15,2,2)

222. What title was given to the prospective king in France? Dauphin (UMRG:15,2,2)

223. At what age was Marie Antoinette betrothed? 11 (UMRG:15,2,2)

224. How old was Marie Antoinette when her husband took the throne?

19 (UMRG:15,2,2)

225. Who was Marie Antoinetteʹs husband? Louis XVI (UMRG:15,2,2)

226. What two wars depleted the French treasury prior to the 1770s?

the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Yearsʹ War (UMRG:16,1,1)

227. What war is known in America as the French and Indian War?

the Seven Yearsʹ War (UMRG:16,1,1)

228. What were the four major powers involved in the French and Indian War?

France, Britain, Prussia, and Austria (UMRG:16,1,1)

229. What colonial city did France lose in 1759 during the French and Indian War?

Quebec City (UMRG:16,1,1)

230. On which continent did France lose colonies in wars before the Revolution?

North America (UMRG:16,1,1)

231. What social class in France bore the brunt of the tax burden?

the peasant class (UMRG:16,1,1)

232. What institution demanded a portion of the harvest annually in the time before the French Revolution?

the Catholic Church (UMRG:16,2,0)

233. What position did Louis XVI grant to Jacques Necker in 1776?

ʺDirector‐Generalʺ of finance (UMRG:16,2,1)

234. What did Jacques Necker seek to alleviate when he proposed tax increases for the ruling classes?

the national debt (UMRG:16,2,1)

235. In what country was Jacques Necker born? Switzerland (UMRG:16,2,1)



236. Which document outlining governmental finances was published the same year Necker was fired?

Compte rendu au roi (ʺReport to the Kingʺ) (UMRG:16,2,1)

237. Who replaced Jacques Necker the first time he was fired?

Charles Alexandre de Calonne (UMRG:16,2,1)

238. What body was called together in 1787 to deal with Franceʹs financial woes?

the Assembly of Notables (UMRG:16,2,1)

239. Which of its allies was France unable to help militaristically during the financial crisis?

the Dutch Republic (UMRG:16,2,2)

240. What three political bodies met in 1789 and tried to establish more parliamentarian elements in the French government?

the Estates‐General, the National Assembly, and the National Constituent Assembly (UMRG:16,2,2)

241. What successful revolution helped inspire the leaders of the French Revolution?

the American Revolution (UMRG:16,2,3)

242. What was the popular reaction to the lifestyle of the French ruling class prior to the Revolution?

resentment (UMRG:16,1,1)

243. What parliamentary power did Jacques Necker seek to limit?

spending power (UMRG:16,2,1)

244. What best describes the length of light operatic works like Rousseauʹs Le Devin du Village?

brief (UMRG:15,1,2)

245. What ancient civilization introduced many of the conventions of comic theater?

Rome (UMRG:15,1,2)

246. True/False: Marie Antoinetteʹs marriage was the result of a long romantic relationship.

False: Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI were engaged at an early age for diplomatic reasons. (UMRG:15,2,3)

247. What intellectual movement helped set the stage for discontent among the French masses?


248. In what present day country did France lose many colonial holdings during the French and Indian War?

Canada (UMRG:16,1,1)

249. True/False: French nobles paid extra taxes to help alleviate the financial crisis.

False: Despite the financial crisis, the French aristocracy was resistant to paying taxes. (UMRG:16,2,2)

250. True/False: French nobles sometimes play‐acted as peasants.

True: Marie Antoinette liked dressing as a shepherdess. (UMRG:15,2,1)

251. Who wrote Le Folle Journée ou Le Mariage de Figaro? Pierre Beaumarchais (UMRG:17,1,2)

252. What is the English translation of Le Folle Journée ou Le Mariage de Figaro?

ʺThe Crazy Day, or The Marriage of Figaroʺ (UMRG:17,1,2)

253. What was the prequel to Le Mariage de Figaro? The Barber of Seville (UMRG:17,1,2)

254. What delayed the premiere of Le Mariage de Figaro? censors (UMRG:17,1,2)

255. Who was the first to compose an opera based on The Barber of Seville in 1782?

Giovanni Pasiello (UMRG:17,1,2)

256. Who composed the opera The Barber of Seville in 1815? Gioachino Rossini (UMRG:17,1,2)

257. In what language is Mozartʹs The Marriage of Figaro? Italian (UMRG:17,1,2)



258. Of what literary genre is the original version of The Marriage of Figaro?

play (UMRG:17,1,2)

259. Which Beaumarchais work focuses on the custom of Le droit de seigneur?

The Marriage of Figaro (UMRG:17,1,3)

260. What is the English translation of Le droit de seigneur? ʺThe Right of the Masterʺ (UMRG:17,1,3)

261. What is another name for Le droit de seigneur? ius prima noctis (ʺlaw of the first nightʺ) (UMRG:17,1,3)

262. During which historical period did Le droit de seigneur supposedly originate?

the Middle Ages (UMRG:17,1,3)

263. What was the profession of Beaumarchaisʹ father? watchmaker (UMIRG:4,1,1)

264. How did Beaumarchais receive a noble title? He purchased it. (UMIRG:4,1,1)

265. What was Pierre Beaumarchaisʹ birth name? Pierre Augustin Caron (UMIRG:4,1,1)

266. In what country did Beaumarchais live until he was allowed back into France in 1796?

Germany (UMIRG:4,1,3)

267. Of what occupation are the prevailing characters in Beaumarchaisʹ two famous plays?

servants (UMIRG:4,1,2)

268. How many opera houses flourished in late 18th‐century France?

three (UMRG:17,2,2)

269. In late 18th‐century France, what was the most important vocal genre of music?

opera (UMRG:18,1,0)

270. What was the most prestigious genre of instrumental music in late 18th‐century France?

symphony (UMRG:18,1,0)

271. In what country did the symphony originate? Italy (UMRG:18,1,0)

272. What Italian operatic style was the most popular during the 18th century?

opera seria (UMRG:18,1,1)

273. What parts of opera seria tended to be static blocks of material?

arias (UMRG:18,1,1)

274. What aspect of an opera seria performance was considered the most important?

the music (UMRG:18,1,1)

275. Who was the most important opera reform composer of the mid 18th century?

Christoph Willibald Gluck (UMRG:18,1,2)

276. What was Gluckʹs birth nationality? Bohemian (UMRG:18,1,2)

277. In which French city did Gluck spend a few years? Paris (UMRG:18,1,2)

278. In what language was Gluckʹs Orphée et Euridice sung in Paris?

French (UMRG:18,1,2)

279. What is the name of the protagonist in Gluckʹs Orphée et Euridice?

Orpheus (UMRG:18,1,2)

280. What is the name of the protagonistʹs beloved in Gluckʹs Orphée et Euridice?

Euridice (UMRG:18,1,2)

281. To where does Orpheus travel to recover Euridice in Orphée et Euridice?

the Underworld (UMRG:18,1,2)

282. In what city did the first performance of Gluckʹs Alceste take place?

Vienna (UMRG:18,1,2)



283. For what city did Gluck revise Alceste for performance in 1776?

Paris (UMRG:18,1,2)

284. How did Gluck consider the treatment of ornamentation in traditional Italian opera seria?

unnecessary and superfluous (UMRG:18,1,3)

285. From what intellectual movement are many of the Gluckʹs ideas on opera composition?


286. How did Gluck want operatic music to flow? smoothly and naturally (UMRG:18,2,1)

287. In what century did the symphony come into being? the 18th century (UMRG:18,1,0)

288. From what type of theater does The Barber of Seville draw character types?

commedia dellʹarte (UMRG:17,1,2)

289. Which two groups supported many of Franceʹs cultural institutions before the Revolution?

the nobility and monarchy (UMRG:17,1,1)

290. Which of Beaumarchaisʹ plays was the most controversial?

The Marriage of Figaro (UMRG:17,1,2)

291. What type of opera is The Barber of Seville? comic opera (UMRG:17,1,2)

292. Who composed the most popular operatic version of The Barber of Seville?

Gioachino Rossini (UMRG:17,1,2)

293. What best describes the prevalence of the custom of Le droit de seigneur in 18th‐century France?

not widespread (UMRG:17,1,3)

294. How did singers of opera seria often alter written melodic lines?

They embellished the lines. (UMRG:18,1,1)

295. What role did Beaumarchais once serve at the French court?

diplomatic envoy (UMIRG:4,1,1)

296. What new aesthetic influenced opera reform composers?

naturalness (UMRG:18,1,2)

297. What part of an air did Gluck consider ʺperhaps the most passionate and most importantʺ?

the second part (UMRG:18,2,0)

298. True/False: It took several years for the play The Marriage of Figaro to become popular with French audiences.

False: Beaumarchaisʹ The Marriage of Figaro was a hit when it was first performed in France. (UMRG:17,1,1)

299. True/False: Gluck sought to minimize text repetition in his operas for the sake of realism.

True: Gluck sought to make dialogue more realistic in opera and he thus limited text repetition. (UMRG:18,2,1)

300. True/False: Beaumarchaisʹ works had little influence outside of France.

False: Popular operas based on Beaumarchaisʹ plays helped the plays gain influence throughout Europe. (UMRG:17,1,2)

301. What country was the first to hear Gluckʹs Iphigénie en Aulide?

France (UMRG:19,0,1)

302. Upon what type of literary work is Iphigénie en Aulide based?

a play (UMRG:19,0,1)

303. Upon what literary work is Gluckʹs Iphigénie en Aulide based?

Iphigénie (UMRG:19,0,1)

304. Who wrote the literary work which inspired Gluckʹs Iphigénie en Aulide?

Jean Racine (UMRG:19,0,1)



305. What ancient playwright inspired the literary work on which Gluck based Iphigénie en Aulide?

Euripides (UMRG:19,0,1)

306. In which city did Iphigénie en Aulide premiere? Paris (UMRG:19,0,1)

307. How many months was Iphigénie en Aulide rehearsed before its premiere?

6 (UMRG:19,0,1)

308. From which act of Iphigénie en Aulide is the line ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ?

Act 1 (UMRG:19,0,0)

309. Which character is presented first in Iphigénie en Aulide?

Agamemnon (UMRG:19,0,2)

310. What kingdom does Agamemnon rule in Iphigénie en Aulide?

Mycenae (UMRG:19,0,2)

311. Which war forms the backdrop of Iphigénie en Aulide? the Trojan War (UMRG:19,0,1)

312. In Iphigénie en Aulide, who tells Agamemnon of the command to sacrifice his daughter?

Calchas (UMRG:19,0,2)

313. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what deity demands that Agamemnon sacrifice his daughter?

Diana (UMRG:19,0,2)

314. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what is the name of Agamemnonʹs daughter?

Iphigénie (UMRG:19,0,2)

315. To what city is Iphigénie travelling at the beginning of Iphigénie en Aulide?

Aulide (UMRG:19,0,2)

316. In Iphigénie en Aulide, whom does Iphigénie plan to marry?

Achilles (UMRG:19,0,2)

317. What is the occupation of Achilles? a warrior (UMRG:19,0,2)

318. In English, what does Agamemnon call Diana in the first scene of Iphigénie en Aulide?

ʺbrilliant author of lightʺ (UMRG:19,0,2)

319. What does Diana do for Agamemnon at the end of Iphigénie en Aulide?

She lifts her demand that he sacrifice his daughter. (UMRG:19,0,2)

320. What sort of endings was favored in 18th‐century dramas like Iphigénie en Aulide?

happy and optimistic (UMRG:19,0,2)

321. What happens to Iphigénie in the original version of her story?

She is led to her death. (UMRG:19,0,2)

322. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what does Diana promise to do if Agamemnon sacrifices his daughter?

give the Greek ships fair winds on their way to Troy (UMRG:19,0,2)

323. What is Agamemnonʹs country? Greece (UMRG:19,0,2)

324. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what city does Agamemnon plan to attack?

Troy (UMRG:19,0,2)

325. Who tries to prevent Iphigénie from reaching her destination?


326. In Iphigénie en Aulide, in what city is Agamemnonʹs daughter destined to be sacrificed?

Aulide (UMRG:19,0,2)

327. In what language did Gluck write Iphigénie en Aulide? French (UMRG:19,0,1)



328. In Iphigénie en Aulide, who sings ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ?


329. How much melodic ornamentation does Gluck use in the line ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ from Iphigénie en Aulide?

none (UMRG:20,0,1)

330. How many notes did Gluck assign each syllable of text in the line ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ from Iphigénie en Aulide?

one (UMRG:20,0,1)

331. In which musical mode does the line ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ begin?

the minor mode (UMRG:20,0,1)

332. What emotions characterize the kingʹs state of mind at the beginning of the line ʺBrilliant auteur de la lumièreʺ from Iphigénie en Aulide?

oppressive and sad emotions (UMRG:20,0,1)

333. From what city had Iphigénie departed at the beginning of Iphigénie en Aulide?

Mycenae (UMRG:19,0,3)

334. What sentiment does the major mode represent in the kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide?

hope (UMRG:20,0,1)

335. What happens to the tempo of the kingʹs appeal on the line ʺSi ma fille arrive en Aulide.ʺ?

It becomes very fast and agitated. (UMRG:20,0,1)

336. What are notes played tremolo? notes played in rapid succession (UMRG:20,0,1)

337. Which instrumental family plays tremolo in the kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide?

the strings (UMRG:20,0,1)

338. What feeling do the tremolo notes convey in the kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide?

intense agitation (UMRG:20,0,1)

339. With what two words does USAD characterize the plot, character, and text of the kingʹs appeal in Iphigénie en Aulide?

natural and believable (UMRG:20,0,1)

340. In Iphigénie en Aulide, which character is torn between duty to his country and duty to his family?


341. What is the name of the high priest mentioned in the kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide?

Calchas (UMRG:19,0,2)

342. What does Iphigénie plan to do upon reaching her destination?

marry Achilles (UMRG:19,0,2)

343. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what is the outcome of the kingʹs plot to keep Iphigénie from reaching her destination?

It is unsuccessful. (UMRG:19,0,2)

344. From which century is the literary work upon which Gluck based Iphigénie en Aulide?


345. In Iphigénie en Aulide, what is supposed to be done to Iphigénie when she reaches her destination?

She is to be sacrificed. (UMRG:19,0,2)

346. What delineates musical changes in the kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide?

sections of text (UMRG:20,0,1)



347. What type of literary work is the original, ancient setting of the story of Iphigénie en Aulide?

a play (UMRG:19,0,2)

348. True/False: The kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide features considerable textual repetition.

False; Gluck sought to minimize the repetition of text to make his dialogue more realistic. (UMRG:19,0,3)

349. True/False: The kingʹs appeal from Iphigénie en Aulide was written to showcase the performerʹs virtuosity.

False; the kingʹs appeal features simple and syllabic music which lacks embellishment. (UMRG:20,0,1)

350. True/False: Gluckʹs choice of ancient and mythological subject matter in Iphigénie en Aulide was unusual for its time.

False; many operas in the opera seria style of the time featured mythological and ancient characters. (UMRG:18,2,1)

351. What was Mozartʹs first language? German (UMRG:20,1,1)

352. What are Mozartʹs two most popular operas? Don Giovanni and The Marriage of Figaro (UMRG:20,1,1)

353. In what language is Don Giovanni? Italian (UMRG:20,1,1)

354. In what French city was Mozart particularly successful?

Paris (UMRG:20,1,1)

355. In what country was Mozart born? Austria (UMRG:20,1,2)

356. What language was generally used for opera during the late 1700s?

Italian (UMRG:20,1,1)

357. In what city was Mozartʹs father a court composer? Salzburg (UMRG:20,1,2)

358. What instrument did Mozartʹs father favor? violin (UMRG:20,1,2)

359. What was the name of Mozartʹs father? Leopold Mozart (UMRG:20,1,2)

360. With what two instruments did the young Mozart generally perform?

the harpsichord and the piano (UMRG:20,1,2)

361. At what age did the young Mozart famously perform for Empress Maria Theresa?

6 (UMRG:20,1,2)

362. In what city did the young Mozart perform for Empress Maria Theresa?


363. To whom did the young Mozart say ʺSome day I will marry you.ʺ?

Marie Antoinette (UMRG:20,1,2)

364. From what act of Le Nozze di Figaro is the section ʺCosa sentoʺ?

Act 1 (UMRG:21,0,0)

365. How many singing characters are featured in ʺCosa sentoʺ?

3 (UMRG:21,0,1)

366. In Le Nozze di Figaro, whom does Figaro plan to marry?

Susanna (UMRG:21,0,1)

367. In Le Nozze di Figaro, what character tries to use his droit du seigneur?

the Count (UMRG:21,0,1)

368. What is Susannaʹs occupation in Le Nozze di Figaro? maidservant (UMRG:21,0,1)

369. In Le Nozze di Figaro, what is Figaroʹs occupation? butler (UMRG:21,0,1)

370. In Le Nozze di Figaro, what is the name of the young pageboy?

Cherubino (UMRG:21,0,1)

371. In Le Nozze di Figaro, who banishes the young pageboy from the court?




372. In Le Nozze di Figaro, why was the young pageboy banished from court?

He made advances towards the Countess. (UMRG:21,0,1)

373. In Le Nozze di Figaro, to whom does the young pageboy confide his problems?

Susanna (UMRG:21,0,1)

374. In Le Nozze di Figaro, who interrupts the young pageboy and his confidant?

Basilio (UMRG:21,0,1)

375. In Le Nozze de Figaro, what is Basilioʹs occupation? music teacher (UMRG:21,0,1)

376. In ʺCosa sentoʺ, under what object does the young pageboy hide?

a dress (UMRG:21,0,1)

377. How many characters are onstage at the beginning of ʺCosa sentoʺ?

4 (UMRG:21,0,2)

378. At the beginning of ʺCosa sentoʺ, which character has just entered the room?


379. Who shouts ʺI heard it allʺ in ʺCosa sentoʺ? the Count (UMRG:21,0,2)

380. Which character is silent and onstage throughout ʺCosa sentoʺ?


381. Into how many sections can ʺCosa sentoʺ be divided? 5 (UMRG:21,0,2)

382. What does Susanna pretend to do in the second part of ʺCosa sentoʺ?

faint (UMRG:21,0,4)

383. How many characters try to assist Susanna to a chair in the second part of ʺCosa sentoʺ?

2 (UMRG:21,0,4)

384. Under what object was Cherubino hiding when the Count discovered him the day before ʺCosa sentoʺ?

a table (UMRG:22,0,2)

385. What is the name of Susannaʹs cousin in Le Nozze di Figaro?

Barbarina (UMRG:22,0,2)

386. What is the occupation of Susannaʹs cousinʹs father? gardener (UMRG:22,0,2)

387. In ʺCosa sentoʺ, who discovers the young page boy hiding?


388. In ʺCosa sentoʺ, who calls Susanna ʺa lady of the highest virtueʺ?


389. What is the English translation of the phrase ʺCosa sentoʺ?

ʺWhat do I hearʺ (UMRG:21,0,3)

390. Who is the first character to sing in ʺCosa sentoʺ? the Count (UMRG:21,0,3)

391. About which character is Susanna gossiping just before ʺCosa sentoʺ begins?


392. How many male characters are onstage in ʺCosa sentoʺ?

3 (UMRG:21,0,2)

393. How many female characters are onstage in ʺCosa sentoʺ?

1 (UMRG:21,0,2)

394. What non‐Germanic European country did Mozart visit repeatedly on his tours with his father?

Italy (UMRG:20,1,2)



395. True/False: Although Mozart visited many cities on tour, he received little exposure to Europeʹs various musical styles.

False; while on tour Mozart became familiar with many European musical styles. (UMRG:20,2,0)

396. In what language did Mozart write The Marriage of Figaro?

Italian (UMRG:20,1,1)

397. With what older keyboard instrument was Mozart particularly skilled?


398. How old was the daughter of Empress Maria Theresa when she met the young Mozart?

7 (UMRG:20,1,2)

399. True/False: The situation inʺCosa sentoʺ is ridiculous. True; ʺCosa sentoʺ is an example of Mozartʹs genius for comedy. (UMRG:21,0,1)

400. True/False: The Marriage of Figaro portrays aristocratic characters as examples of moral virtue.

False; Mozart depicts the Count in The Marriage of Figaro as a highly immoral character. (UMRG:20,1,1)

401. How does the tempo of the action in ʺCosa sentoʺ compare with the tempo of the action in the featured Gluck selection?

The tempo of ʺCosa sentoʺ is quicker. (UMRG:23,0,1)

402. What character tells a story in recitative during ʺCosa sentoʺ?


403. What is the rhythm of the recitative intended to mimic? normal speech (UMRG:23,0,1)

404. What element of opera predominates in recitative? drama (UMRG:23,0,1)

405. In what century did opera originate? the 16th century (UMRG:23,0,1)

406. In what country did opera originate? Italy (UMRG:23,0,1)

407. In approximately what year did composers start writing recitatives for opera?

1600 (UMRG:23,0,1)

408. During the 17th century, where in their operas did composers typically place recitatives?

between arias or ensembles (UMRG:23,0,1)

409. What type of musical number interrupts ʺCosa sentoʺ? a recitative (UMRG:23,0,1)

410. What style of opera is The Marriage of Figaro? comic opera (UMRG:23,0,2)

411. In The Marriage of Figaro ,which character makes advances towards the women he employs?


412. What character is the antagonist in The Marriage of Figaro?


413. Which of his family members helps to expose the antagonistʹs negative side in The Marriage of Figaro?

his wife (UMRG:24,0,0)

414. In Mozartʹs operas, which gender was typically portrayed as more ʺenlightenedʺ?

female (UMRG:24,0,0)

415. Which annual celebration in 18th‐century Europe traditionally mocked the ruling classes?

Carnival (UMRG:24,0,1)

416. In what country does The Marriage of Figaro take place?

Spain (UMRG:24,0,1)

417. At what age did Mozart write his first opera? 12 (UMRG:24,1,1)



418. At what age did Mozart die? 35 (UMRG:24,1,1)

419. What type of Mozartʹs operas has the most in common with modern musicals?

Singspiele (UMRG:24,2,0)

420. What is the title of Mozartʹs last opera? La Clemenza di Tito (UMIRG:5,1,3)

421. In what type of 18th‐century opera were castrati most common?

opera seria (UMIRG:5,1,3)

422. What type of opera was Mozartʹs last opera? opera seria (UMIRG:5,1,3)

423. What type of opera was Mozartʹs Cosi fan tutte? comic opera (UMIRG:5,2,1)

424. What is the title of Mozartʹs tradédie lyrique? Idonomeo (UMIRG:5,2,2)

425. Which earlier operatic composer influenced Mozartʹs style of tradédie lyrique?

Gluck (UMIRG:5,2,2)

426. To which operatic style was tragédie lyrique most closely related?

opera seria (UMIRG:5,2,2)

427. What type of opera written by Mozart features no recitatives?

Singspiel (UMIRG:5,2,3)

428. Which of Mozartʹs operas uses spoken dialogue and references Freemasonry?

The Magic Flute (UMIRG:5,2,3)

429. In what language were Singespiel operas performed in 18th‐century Vienna?

German (UMIRG:5,2,3)

430. Which of Mozartʹs operas features a Turkish setting and German text?

The Abduction of the Harem (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:561,1)

431. What type of finales did Mozart write for operas such as The Marriage of Figaro?

ensemble finales (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:561,2)

432. In what city did The Marriage of Figaro have the most successful premiere?

Prague (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:562,1)

433. Which of Mozartʹs operas is considered the first great opera with German text?

The Magic Flute (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:563,1)

434. Which 1787 Mozart opera features opera seria characters coupled with events treated in a comic opera style?

Don Giovanni (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:562,2)

435. According to USAD, during what period of history did European ruling classes occasionally allow themselves to be portrayed negatively?

the Middle Ages (UMRG:24,0,1)

436. Which character in The Marriage of Figaro is the most selfish?


437. What drives the music of ʺCosa sentoʺ? dramatic action (UMRG:23,0,1)

438. Which three characters finally outwit the antagonist of The Marriage of Figaro?

Figaro, Susanna, and the Countess (UMRG:24,0,0)

439. During which century was Spain first artistically considered fully European?


440. What aspect of song is predominant in a recitiative? lyrics (UMRG:23,0,1)



441. Why was the country in which The Marriage of Figaro took place more acceptable to censors?

Spain was considered an exotic and faraway place. (UMRG:24,0,1)

442. What replaces recitatives in Mozartʹs The Magic Flute? spoken dialogue (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:563,1)

443. Which nationʹs operatic style particularly influenced Mozartʹs Idonomeo?

France (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:561,0)

444. What is the title of Mozartʹs earliest opera buffa? La finta semplice (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:560,1)

445. What is the title of Mozartʹs last Singspiel? The Magic Flute (GROUT/PALISCA/BURKHOLDER:563,1)

446. What centuryʹs operatic transformations does ʺCosa sentoʺ espouse?


447. What character is portrayed as thoroughly vile in The Marriage of Figaro?


448. True/False: Paris and Vienna may have been too geographically central as settings for The Marriage of Figaro for political reasons.

True: Censors may have considered Paris or Vienna too close to home for the setting of a work as controversial as The

Marriage of Figaro. (UMRG:24,0,1)

449. True/False: Mozartʹs social commentary in The Marriage of Figaro can best be described as mild.

False; Mozart provides sharp social commentary on the class system in The Marriage of Figaro. (UMRG:24,0,1)

450. What did Mozart do to the distinctions between recitatives, ensembles, and arias?

He blurred and integrated them. (UMRG:23,0,1)

451. From what act of Don Giovanni is ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

Act 1 (UMRG:25,0,0)

452. In what country is Don Giovanni set? Spain (UMRG:25,0,1)

453. On what legend is Don Giovanni based? Don Juan (UMRG:25,0,1)

454. What does the title ʺDonʺ signify? aristocratic rank (UMRG:25,0,1)

455. In what language did Mozart write Don Giovanni? Italian (UMRG:25,0,1)

456. What name is equivalent to ʺGiovanniʺ? Juan (UMRG:25,0,1)

457. What is Don Giovanniʹs main form of entertainment? He seduces women and then abandons them. (UMRG:25,0,1)

458. Who documents each of Don Giovanniʹs ʺconquestsʺ? his servant (UMRG:25,0,1)

459. What is the name of the woman whom Don Giovanni attempts to seduce in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

Zerlina (UMRG:25,0,2)

460. What is the outcome of Don Giovanniʹs seduction attempts in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

They are unsuccessful. (UMRG:25,0,2)

461. In ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ, during what event does Don Giovanni try to seduce a woman?

during the womanʹs wedding reception (UMRG:25,0,2)

462. What is the name of the bridegroom in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

Masetto (UMRG:25,0,2)

463. Who provides a distraction while Don Giovanni tries to seduce a woman in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

Leporello (UMRG:25,0,2)

464. What is the name of is Don Giovanniʹs servant? Leporello (UMRG:25,0,2)

465. What is the occupation of the bridegroom in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

servant (UMRG:25,0,2)



466. To which location does Don Giovanni invite the woman he tries to seduce in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

his house (UMRG:25,0,2)

467. Who is the primary aristocratic character in Don Giovanni?

Don Giovanni (UMRG:25,0,1)

468. Who enters the scene just as Don Giovanni is departing?

Don Elvira (UMRG:26,0,1)

469. What happens to Don Giovanni at the end of the opera?

He is dragged to Hell. (UMRG:26,0,1)

470. What is the English translation of the phrase ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

ʺthere you will give me your handʺ (UMRG:25,0,3)

471. Who prevents Don Giovanni from seducing Zemira in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

Don Elvira (UMRG:26,0,1)

472. Who wrote the libretto of Don Giovanni? Lorenzo da Ponte (UMRG:26,0,1)

473. How many characters sing in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ? 2 (UMRG:26,0,2)

474. In ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ, what characterizes Zerlinaʹs feelings at the line ʺVorrei ei non vorreiʺ?

They are very divided. (UMRG:26,0,2)

475. What happens to the tempo of ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ when the two characters sing together for the first time?

It speeds up. (UMRG:26,0,2)

476. Of what type of love do Don Giovanni and the woman he is seducing sing in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

ʺinnocent loveʺ (UMRG:26,0,2)

477. For what social reason is Zerlina tempted by Don Giovanniʹs proposition at her wedding?

She has aspirations to change her social status. (UMRG:26,0,3)

478. How frequently did people manage to change their social status in 18th‐century Europe?

virtually never (UMRG:26,0,3)

479. Which two characters sing in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ? Don Giovanni and Zerlina (UMRG:25,0,3)

480. What is the name of the text which is sung in an opera? libretto (UMRG:26,1,1)

481. For how many of Mozartʹs operas did Lorenzo da Ponte write text?

3 (UMRG:26,1,1)

482. Which of Mozartʹs da Ponte operas features two pairs of lovers who test the fidelity of their beloveds?

Cosi fan tutte (UMRG:26,2,0)

483. What notorious womanizer was a friend of da Ponte? Casanova (UMRG:26,2,0)

484. In what country was da Ponte born? Italy (UMIRG:6,1,1)

485. With what name was Lorenzo da Ponte born? Emanuele Conegliano (UMIRG:6,1,1)

486. In what city was Lorenzo da Ponte born? Venice (UMIRG:6,1,1)

487. Into what religion was Lorenzo da Ponte born? Judaism (UMIRG:6,1,2)

488. What religious job did Lorenzo da Ponte hold for a time?

priest (UMIRG:6,1,2)

489. In what city did Lorenzo da Ponte work with Mozart? Vienna (UMIRG:6,1,3)

490. To which country did Lorenzo da Ponte immigrate in 1805?

the United States (UMIRG:6,1,3)



491. At what college did Lorenzo da Ponte teach after 1805? Columbia College (UMIRG:6,1,3)

492. Which three opera texts did Lorenzo da Ponte write for Mozart?

Don Giovanni, The Marriage of Figaro, and Cosi fan tutte (UMIRG:6,1,1)

493. Why did Lorenzo da Ponte leave Paris in 1792? He disliked its political turmoil. (UMIRG:6,1,3)

494. From which Italian city was da Ponte banished for 15 years?

Venice (UMIRG:6,1,2)

495. True/False: In Don Giovanni, Mozart portrayed both the upper and lower classes in a less‐than‐positive light.

True; Mozart criticizes Don Giovanniʹs deception as well as Zerlinaʹs unrealistic social ambitions. (UMRG:26,0,3)

496. During which decade did Don Giovanni premiere? the 1780s (UMRG:25,0,1)

497. What musical element reflects an excited state of emotions in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ?

increased tempo (UMRG:26,0,2)

498. To which musical era did Mozart belong? the Classical era (UMRG:26,0,caption)

499. True/False: The woman Don Giovanni is seducing distances herself from him over the course of ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ.

False; both characters get closer and closer throughout their duet and eventually they sing together. (UMRG:26,0,2)

500. True/False: When both characters begin singing together in ʺLà ci darem la manoʺ, the melody changes.

True; when both characters begin singing together the melody changes and the tempo increases. (UMRG:26,0,2)

501. What instrumental family was only occasionally used in 18th‐century symphonies?

percussion (UMRG:27,1,2)

502. In the 18th century, what was the typical venue for a performance of a sonata or string quartet?

the home (UMRG:27,1,2)

503. In the 18th century, what type of instrumental work was most public and associated with prestige and grandeur?

the symphony (UMRG:27,2,0)

504. Who founded the Concert Spirituel? Anne Duncian Philidor (UMRG:27,2,1)

505. What type of ensemble accompanied singers at the Concert Spirituel?

orchestra (UMRG:27,2,1)

506. What event interrupted the Concert Spirituel for 15 years?

the French Revolution (UMRG:27,2,1)

507. Who sponsored the Concert de la Loge Olympique? Comte dʹOgny (UMRG:27,2,1)

508. What series of symphonies did the Concert de la Loge Olympique commission from Haydn?

the ʺParisʺ symphonies (UMRG:27,2,1)

509. How many ʺParisʺ symphonies did Haydn write? 6 (UMRG:27,2,1)

510. How many ʺLondonʺ symphonies did Haydn write? 12 (UMRG:27,2,1)

511. Approximately how many musicians were employed in the Concert de la Loge Olympiqueʹs orchestra?

70 (UMRG:27,2,1)

512. How many times did the Concert Spirituel perform symphonies from 1788 to 1790?

110 times (UMRG:27,2,2)

513. Approximately what percentage of Concert Spirituel symphony performances between 1788 and 1790 featured symphonies by Haydn?

85% (UMRG:27,2,2)



514. What three instrumental families were necessary to perform Classical symphonies?

strings, brass, and winds (UMRG:27,1,2)

515. Which set of Haydnʹs symphonies includes Symphony no. 85?

the ʺParisʺ symphonies (UMRG:27,0,1)

516. In what key did Haydn write Symphony no. 85? B‐flat Major (UMRG:27,0,1)

517. What is the French nickname of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85?

ʺLa Reine de Franceʺ (UMRG:27,0,1)

518. What is the English nickname of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85?

ʺThe Queen of Franceʺ (UMRG:27,0,1)

519. How did Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85 reputedly get its nickname?

Marie Antoinette particularly favored it. (UMRG:27,0,1)

520. What is the nickname of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 48? ʺMaria Theresaʺ (UMRG:27,0,1)

521. What monarch does the nickname of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 48 honor?

Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (UMRG:27,0,1)

522. How many movements did Haydn write for his Symphony no. 85?

4 (UMRG:27,0,1)

523. How many movements did Haydn typically write for each of his later symphonies?

4 (UMRG:27,0,1)

524. What tempo is the opening of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85?

slow (UMRG:27,0,2)

525. During which musical period did the French Overture style originate?

the Baroque period (UMRG:27,0,2)

526. What larger works did French Overtures originally precede?

operas (UMRG:27,0,2)

527. During which century did the French Overture style originate?


528. What type of rhythm dominates the French Overture style?

dotted rhythm (UMRG:28,0,0)

529. What happens to the tempo of the first movement of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85 after the French Overture finishes?

It becomes faster. (UMRG:28,0,1)

530. What musical form unifies the first movement of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85?


531. Which section of sonata form is often repeated? the first section (UMRG:28,0,1)

532. What is the name of the first section of sonata form? the exposition (UMRG:28,0,1)

533. What is another term for the ʺhome keyʺ of a work in sonata form?

the tonic (UMRG:28,0,1)

534. To what key does Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85 modulate in its first section?

F Major (the dominant key) (UMRG:28,0,1)

535. What key is based upon the fifth scale note of the ʺhome keyʺ?

the dominant key (UMRG:28,0,1)



536. Into how many parts did 18th‐century theorists divide the second part of the sonata form?

2 (UMRG:28,0,1)

537. According to 18th century theorists, what are the two parts of the second section of the sonata form?

the development and the recapitulation (UMRG:28,0,1)

538. What part of the sonata form transforms the melodic material in various keys?

the development (UMRG:28,0,1)

539. What part of sonata form reintroduces the entirety of the material from the exposition?

the recapitulation (UMRG:28,0,1)

540. In what key does the first movement of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85 finish?

B‐flat Major (UMRG:28,0,1)

541. What type of music became an ʺinternational languageʺ during the Classical period?

instrumental music (UMRG:27,2,2)

542. What is the name of the set of Haydnʹs symphonies that ended with his 104th?

the ʺLondonʺ symphonies (UMRG:27,2,1)

543. What Classical instrumental genre required large concert venues?

the symphony (UMRG:27,1,2)

544. What section of a sonata presents the main themes? the exposition (UMRG:28,0,1)

545. What is the number of the first of Haydnʹs ʺParisʺ symphonies?

82 (UMRG:27,2,1)

546. Which section of sonata form typically does not change keys?

the recapitulation (UMRG:28,0,1)

547. In larger works, where is sonata form most often found?

in the 1st movement (UMRG:28,0,1)

548. True/False: The French Overture style adds a light sense of playfulness to the first movement of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85.

False; the French Overture style is slow, stately, and serious. (UMRG:28,0,0)

549. True/False: During the Classical period, string quartets and sonatas were most often performed in conjunction with symphonies.

False; string quartets and sonatas could be performed in homes whereas symphonic performances required larger

venues. (UMRG:27,1,2)

550. What title did Haydn earn for his contributions to the symphonic genre?

ʺFather of the Symphonyʺ (UMRG:28,0,caption)

551. What caused music to circulate more rapidly across Europe in the 18th century?

improvement in communication and trade systems (UMRG:28,0,3)

552. What structure characterizes dotted rhythm? short‐LONG stress patterns (UMRG:28,0,0)

553. What is the musical result of combining multiple phrases?

a musical sentence (UMRG:29,0,0)

554. What is the Latin term for a musical sentence? a period (UMRG:29,0,0)

555. In what musical era are periodic phrase structures the most prevalent?

the Classical era (UMRG:29,0,0)

556. What specific musical style in particular uses periodic phrase structures?


557. In periodic phrase structures, what two phrases combine to make a complete musical statement?

antecedent and consequent phrases (UMRG:28,0,3)



558. What happens in the middle of the exposition of the first movement of Symphony no. 85?

There is a shift from the major mode to the minor mode. (UMRG:29,0,1)

559. Which earlier symphony does Haydn quote in the first movement of Symphony no. 85?

the ʺFarewellʺ symphony (no. 45) (UMRG:29,0,1)

560. What is the number of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony? 45 (UMRG:29,0,1)

561. In what key is the ʺFarewellʺ symphony? F‐sharp minor (UMRG:29,0,1)

562. Who was Haydnʹs patron? Prince Nicolaus Esterházy (UMRG:29,0,1)

563. In what country did Haydnʹs patron reside in the summer?

Hungary (UMRG:29,0,1)

564. In what town was the regular residence of Haydnʹs patron?

Eisenstadt (UMRG:29,0,1)

565. Near what city was the regular residence of Haydnʹs patron?


566. At what palace did Haydnʹs patron usually live? Esterháza (UMRG:29,0,1)

567. During which movement do musicians leave the stage in the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

the finale (UMRG:29,0,2)

568. What happens to the tempo of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony when musicians begin leaving the stage?

It slows down. (UMRG:29,0,2)

569. What is the first instrument to leave the stage during the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

horn (UMRG:29,0,2)

570. What instrumental family is the last to leave the stage during the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

strings (UMRG:29,0,2)

571. What instrument remains onstage at the end of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

violin (UMRG:29,0,2)

572. How many soloists remain onstage at the end of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

2 (UMRG:29,0,2)

573. What style characterizes the first movement of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

Sturm und Drang (UMRG:29,0,3)

574. What is the English translation of ʺSturm und Drangʺ? ʺStorm and Stressʺ (UMRG:30,0,0)

575. Who wrote the literary work from which the Sturm und Drang style takes its name?

Friedrich Maximilian Klinger (UMRG:30,0,0)

576. In what country was the man who wrote Sturm und Drang born?

Germany (UMRG:30,0,0)

577. What are syncopated rhythms? rhythms composed of notes accented outside of strong beats (UMRG:30,0,0)

578. What graceful style characterizes the first movement of Haydnʹs Symphony no. 85?


579. What musical style characterizes the section of Don Giovanni in which the main character is dragged into hell?

Sturm und Drang (UMRG:30,0,1)

580. Which of his palaces did Haydnʹs patron enjoy the most?

his summer palace (UMRG:29,0,2)



581. During what century was the Sturm und Drang style the most influential?


582. What palace has been called the ʺHungarian Versaillesʺ?

Esterháza (UMRG:29,0,caption)

583. For what purpose did Haydn intend his ʺFarewellʺ symphony?

to tell his patron that his musicians wanted to return to their families (UMRG:29,0,2)

584. True/False: The music of the Classical period can best be described as predictable.

False: Although certain elements of the music of the Classical period are predictable, composers such as Haydn wrote works

full of and surprises. (UMRG:30,0,1)

585. Into how many periods can Haydnʹs career be divided? 2 (UMRG:30,1,1)

586. For which family did Haydn work from 1761 to 1790? the Esterházy family (UMRG:30,1,1)

587. In what city did Haydn spend the second part of his career?

London (UMRG:30,1,1)

588. How many tours did Haydn make while he was centered in London?

2 (UMRG:30,1,1)

589. What flexible instrumental form was used to tell 18th ‐century ʺmusical storiesʺ?


590. What is the opening unit of a periodic phrase? the antecedent unit (UMRG:30,2,4)

591. What is the closing unit of a periodic phrase? the consequent unit (UMRG:30,2,4)

592. What type of literary work is Sturm und Drang? play (UMRG:30,0,0)

593. Which part of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony does Haydn quote in Symphony no. 85?

the beginning (UMRG:29,0,1)

594. Who wrote the ʺFarewellʺ symphony? Haydn (UMRG:29,0,2)

595. To what did Classical theorists compare instrumental music?

wordless speeches (UMRG:28,0,4)

596. Which type of phrase structure characterizes ʺHappy Birthdayʺ?

periodic phrase structure (UMRG:29,0,0)

597. In what year did the ʺFarewellʺ symphony premiere? 1772 (UMRG:29,0,2)

598. During which decade did Haydn tour London? the 1790s (UMRG:30,1,1)

599. True/False: The ʺFarewellʺ symphony ends quietly. True; during the finale of the ʺFarewellʺ symphony, the players gradually leave the stage until there are only two

violinists left. (UMRG:29,0,2)

600. What two feelings characterize ʺSturm und Drangʺ symphonies?

drama and turbulence (UMRG:30,0,0)

601. About what instrument was Haydnʹs major patron especially enthusiastic?

the baryton (UMIRG:7,1,1)

602. What contemporary instrument does the baryton most resemble?

the cello (UMRG:7,1,1)

603. How common is the baryton today? almost extinct (UMRG:7,1,1)

604. For whom did Haydn write the ʺLondonʺ symphonies? the public (UMRG:7,1,2)

605. What king did Haydn meet in London? George III (UMRG:7,1,2)



606. What are the titles of Haydnʹs two most famous oratorios?

The Creation and The Seasons (UMRG:7,1,2)

607. Why did Haydn stop writing symphonies after his ʺLondonʺ symphonies?

nobody commissioned them (UMRG:7,1,3)

608. To what city did Haydn travel after leaving London? Vienna (UMRG:7,1,2)

609. In what town was Haydn born? Rohrau, Austria (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:526,box)

610. For what patron did Haydn work in the late 1750s? Count Morzin (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:526,box)

611. For what man did Haydn work after leaving London? Prince Nikolaus II Esterházy (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:527,box)

612. Who released Haydn from duty in 1790? Prince Anton Esterházy (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:531,1)

613. Which genre of chamber music did Haydn ʺfatherʺ? the string quartet (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:541,3)

614. For what type of musicians did Haydn write his string quartets?

amateurs (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:541,3)

615. For what type of musicians did Haydn intend his symphonies?

professionals (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:541,3)

616. Which movement of a Haydn symphony is typically slow?

the 2nd movement (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:538,3)

617. In what form are the 3rd movements of most Haydn symphonies?

minuet and trio form (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:538,4)

618. Aside from the sonata form, in which form did Haydn like to write finales for his symphonies?

rondo (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:539,0)

619. How many numbered symphonies did Haydn write? 104 (Grout/Burkholder/Palisca:527,box)

620. True/False: Haydnʹs final symphonies were small in scope and written for private gatherings.

False: Haydn wrote his final set of symphonies, the ʺLondonʺ symphonies, with a public audience in mind, using the grand

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