mushrooms(and(mycorrhizal( relaonships(how(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? •...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mushrooms and Mycorrhizal Rela3onships
![Page 2: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Importance of Mycorrhiza
• Approximately 95% of plant species require associa3on with mycorrhiza for maximum performance
![Page 3: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Endomycorrhizae
• The origins of Endomycorrhizae date back 350-‐460 million years and helped colonize the land with vascular plants
![Page 4: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ectomycorrhizae
• Ectomycorrhizae are associated with mostly conifers and a few deciduous trees
![Page 5: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How does mycorrhizal fungi work?
• Increases the absorp3ve area of roots 10-‐1000 3mes
• Mycorrhizal fungi absorb and transfer all of the 15 major macro and micro nutrients needed for plant growth
• Releases chemicals into the soil that dissolve nutrients that are hard to capture
• Helps with disease and pathogen suppression
• Improves soil structure and porosity by promo3ng aera3on
![Page 6: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What affects mycorrhizal fungi? • Tillage • Fer3liza3on • Removal of topsoil • Erosion • Site prepara3on • Road and home construc3on • Fumiga3on • Invasion of non-‐na3ves • Leaving soil bare
![Page 7: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What can you do?
• Sprinkle mycorrhizal inoculant on roots during transplan3ng, work into seed beds, blend into poTng soils
• Generally easy, inexpensive
• Maintain diversity of fungi
![Page 8: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What can you do?
• Sawdust/Woodchip Cul3va3on • Drilled Hole Inocula3on of Logs • Log and Bag Method Indoors and Outdoors • Refer to Paul Stamets’ book Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms
![Page 9: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Stropharia rugosoannulata, King Stropharia
• Cap and stem are edible • Texture like portobello • Great mycoremediator for cleaning water and soil
• Can easily perennialize in garden soil
![Page 11: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ganoderma lucidum/oregonense, Reishi
• Prefers to grow on deciduous trees
• Considered the mushroom of immortality
• S3mulates the mind and body
• Best if regularly consumed
![Page 12: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ganoderma lucidum/oregonense, Reishi
• Immune-‐enhancing • An3-‐tumor (best for preven3on) • Cholesterol reducing • An3-‐allergy • An3-‐hypertension • Hypoglycemic • Enhances lung func3on • Reduces effects of caffeine and relaxes muscles • An3-‐HIV
![Page 13: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Grifola frondosa, Maitake
• Prefers to grow on oak and other hardwoods
• Also called Hen of the Woods
• Immune support • Glucose-‐modula3ng • An3-‐HIV (inhibits ability to kill T cells)
• Hepatoprotec3ve
![Page 14: Mushrooms(and(Mycorrhizal( Relaonships(How(does(mycorrhizalfungiwork? • Increases(the(absorp3ve(areaof(roots(101000mes • Mycorrhizalfungi absorb(and(transfer(all(of(the(15(major(macro(and(micro](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042313/5edc11dcad6a402d66669486/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Len3nula edodes, Shiitake
• Favors any deciduous wood, but thick-‐barked Oak is probably best
• Well-‐known for culinary and medicinal benefits
• Very effec3ve when eaten
• Lowers cholesterol • Suppresses tumors • An3-‐cancer