muscular system quiz ( this is an incomplete study guide. also review your notes, labs and the power...
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Muscular SystemQuiz
(This is an incomplete study guide. Also review your notes, labs and the power points found on-
line.
Muscle Cells…
Type Striations? Shape Nuclei Contractions Function
Smooth No Pointed on both ends
1 Involuntary, slow
contractions push materials through hollow organs
Cardiac Yes Irregular 1-2 Involuntary, rhythmic
Contraction of heart
Skeletal Yes Cylindrical Many Voluntary, quick, forceful
Facial expression, movement of skeletal structures
Match Types of Tissues With Their Functions
____ Nervous Tissue____ Skeletal Muscle Tissue____ Blood____ Smooth Muscle Tissue____ Connective Tissue____ Cardiac Muscle Tissue
A. Transmits impulses and messages
B. Allows heart to pump blood
C. Allows internal organs and arteries to contract
D. Allows for movement of bones at joints
E. Supplies nutrients and removes wastes
F. Separates, covers and holds muscles in place
ADECFB
Learning Target:Identify the major parts of
skeletal muscle fiber and the function of each part.
(knowledge)
Label a Skeletal Muscle Fiber
Skeletal Muscle Fiber Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Myosin FilamentActin Filament Myofibril
Sarcomere
Learning Target:Investigate the relationship
between bones, tendons, and muscles in producing body
movements. (reasoning)
Fill in the Blank
The location where the muscle is attached to the relatively immovable end of the bone is called the ______. The _________ is the end of the muscle that is attached to the ________ bone.
immovable movableinsertion origin
Truth or Bologna
T/B Muscles have to work in pairs so that a muscle doesn’t get stuck in a certain position.
T/B A ligament attaches muscle to muscle.
bone to bone
Learning Target:State the source of energy,
cause, steps and final result of a muscle fiber contraction.
(knowledge)
Muscle Contractions
T/B Muscle contractions occur when a nerve impulse releases acetylcholine into muscle fibers.
What is the energy source for a muscle contraction?
a. ADP b. ATP c. calcium
True
Step 1: Action potential 1. A nerve action potential releases acetylcholine/ADP
into the synaptic cleft opening the Na+ channels.2. Action potential spreads across synaptic
cleft/sarcolemma releasing CA into the sarcoplasma.
Step 2: Myosin-actin binding1. Ca/Na+ binds to troponin 2. A shape change in troponin moves tropomyocin out of
the way of myosin/actin binding site 3. Actin and myosin bind using energy from cleaved
ADP/ATP
Step 3: Power Stroke1. Side arms pivot so myosin and actin slide by each
other shortening the __________ 2. ____ and P released (low energy)
Step 4: ATP binding and actin-myosin release
1. A different ____ molecule binds to the active site 2. _______ released
ADP sarcomere ATPactin
What step does this picture represent?
Step 5: ATP cleavage1. Return to high energy state2. Cycle will repeat if calcium is still
available
What 3 physical changes take place when a skeletal muscle contracts?
A. becomes harderB. gets shorter C. diameter increasesD. diameter decreases
Muscle Cramps
T/B When calcium is not available the muscle stays contracted which causes a muscle cramp.
Bologna – when ATP isn’t available the muscle cramps
Rigor Mortis
T/B Rigor mortis is a stiffening of the body because of continuous muscle contraction after death.
True
Why does rigor mortis occur? a. lack of ATP productionb. high supply of Ca ions c. low supply of Ca ions d. a & b
What is an EMG?
An EMG is a graphical recording of muscle activity/electrical activity within muscles.
Interpret an EMG graph
12
3
At which point is the muscle undergoing the greatest strength of contraction?
1
Truth or Bologna
Katie ran a half marathon. When she finished she could barley walk.
T/B Katie could barley walk because her muscle cells were low on ATP, which is also known as fatigue.
Learning Target: Investigate the effect of exercise on grip strength. (skill)
The following are national grip strength norms for 16 to 19 year olds.Gender Excellent Good Average Fair PoorMale >56 51-56 45-50 39-44 <39Female >36 31-36 25-30 19-24 <19Who has a grip strength that is excellent?
Todd- 52Sue- 37
Sue- Her score is excellent.Todd’s score is good.