Muscle Review

By 2010 -2011 Anatomy and Physiology Students

How to studyEach slide will provide 6 clues to naming a muscle. Try to guess

the name of the muscle with each clue. Of course you may want to change your mind as the clues progress. The clues are:

• Location of muscle• Origin• Insertion• Action• A fun hint• A picture of the muscle.

GOOD LUCK and PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE!!!!!!

Muscles of the Head and Neck

Frontalis

1. This muscle is found on the anterior side of the cranium.

2. Origin: Superior fibers of the upper facial muscles

3. Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis

4. Action: Wrinkles the forehead and raises eyebrows

5. Is located on the frontal bone.

By: Chelsea Lundquist & Carie Imme

1. Location: Head.

2. Origin: Lower border of the zygomatic arch.

3. Insertion: Lateral surface of mandible.

4. Action: Elevates mandible.

5. One of the muscles of mastication.

Masseter

By: Julia BahrLena Bensaid

Rob Hansen + Heather Dirk

• This muscle is located on the anterior side of the head.

• Origin: Maxillary and frontal bones

• Insertion: Skin around eye

• This muscle is used to close the eye.

• This muscle gets its name from it’s circular shape. Orbicularis Oculi

1. The muscle is found among the muscles of the face and neck.

2. Origin: the temporal bone

3. The insertion: the coronoid process and lateral surface of mandible.

4. Action: Elevates Mandible

5. Hint: One of the muscles of mastification

Temporalis

Michelle VoelkelMary Erickson

Sternocleidomastoid

• Location: In the neck• Origin: Anterior surface of

sternum, upper surface of clavicle

• Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone

• Action: Pulls head sideways, forward and raises sternum

• Hint: Comes together from opposite sides of neck forming a “V”

Aaron Broadwater and Rob Emmett

1. This muscle is located on the face

2. Origin: Lateral infra-orbital margin3. Insertion: Skin and muscle of upper lip 4. Action: Elevates and everts upper lip5. Extra: Ms. Cerletty’s favorite muscle name

By: Jacob Simonson and Nate Marshall

1. Facial muscle of anterior cheek extending to upper lip

2. Attached to the zygomatic bone

3. The insertion is the orbicularis oris

4. It raises the corner of the mouth

5. It is a synergist with the zygomaticus minor

Zygomaticus major

By: Jake Coury Steven Kirchhof

1. Location: Posterior side of head

2. Origin: Occipital bone

3. Insertion: Skin and muscles around eye

4. Action: Raises eyebrows

5. Works with the frontalis

OccipitalisBy: Arielle & Emily

Brittany SpannbauerPetra Stevanovic

1. Location: Head

2. Origin: Outer surfaces of maxilla and mandible

3. Insertion: Orbicularis oris

4. Action: Compresses cheeks inward

5. Fun Fact: The muscle is also involved in smiling and blowing, the action from which it gets its name, as the word means trumpeter in Latin.

Buccinator

1. Location: Head2. Origin: Anterior mandible,

skin of mandible.3. Insertion: Mandible 4. Action: Elevates and

wrinkles skin of chin. Protrudes lower lip.

5. Referred to as pouting muscle.

Mentalis

By: Kristin Stollenwerk

1. It is located on the anterior side of the head.2. The origin is the muscles near the mouth.3. The insertion is the skin of the lips.4. This muscle closes and protrudes the lips. 5. “Kiss me baby.” Orbicularis Oris

Elise Schulhauser and Megan Moffatt

1. This muscle is found in the head and neck

2. Origin: Fascia in upper chest

3. Insertion: Lower border of mandible

4. Action: Draws angle of mouth downward

5. Allows you to frown

By: Annmarie and Riley

Platysma

1) It is found on the superior part of the cranium.

2) Not a muscle3) Sheet like tendon located between

the frontalis and occipitalis 4) Action: elevates eyebrows and

wrinkles forehead.5) It got it’s name from where it is

located on the head.

By: Megan G and Jessica M

Epicranial aponeurosis

•Location: Posterior side of neck.

•Origin: Processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae•Insertion: Occipital Bone

•Extends head, bends head to one side, rotates head Semispinalis Capitis

Emily Smith and Kalina Al-Mohareb

•Runs parallel to the spine

Muscles of the Torso

1.This muscle is found on the anterior side of the abdominal wall.

2.Origin: outer surfaces of lower ribs.

3. Insertion: outer lip of iliac crest and linea alba.

4. Action: tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

5. Also known as the “Love Handles”

External Oblique

By: Khadijah Johnson and Stefani Kriegel

• Location- anterior torso muscles

• Origin- outer surfaces of the upper ribs

• Insertion- ventral surface of the scapula

• Action- pulls the scapula anteriorly and downward

• Hint- name is similar to a type of blade used to cut bread

Serratus Anterior

By:Danielle Starke and Jack Kasprzak

• Located on the anterior side of the torso

• Origin: Crest of the Pubis and Symphysis Pubis.

• Insertion: Xiphoid Process• Tenses the abdominal wall and

compresses abdominal contents. It also flexes vertebral column.

• Referred to as a six pack.

Rectus AbdominisBy Jake K. and Mike N.

1. This muscle is found on the anterior side of the torso.

2. Origin: Sternal ends of upperribs

3. Insertion: Coracoid processof scapula

4. Action: Pulls scapula anteriorlyand downward or raises ribs

5. It is named for its location and size

By: Pablo Bras and Nathan Dupont

Pectoralis minor

1. This muscle is located on the posterior side of the torso muscle

2. Origin- Transverse process of the cervical vertebrae

3. Insertion- Medial margin of scapula

4. Action- Elevates the scapula

5. Attaches to cervical vertebrae and the scapula

Lavator scapulae

Juan Velandia Colin Shepherd

Located on the anterior side of the torso

Originates at the clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of upper ribs

Insertion is the intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: pulls arm anteriorly and across chest, rotates humerus, or adducts arm

Bench pressing strengthens this muscle

• Pectoralis MajorBy: Alfredo Hernandez &Nick Tubic

1. Located on the posterior side of the torso.

2. Origin: lateral border of the scapula.

3. Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus.

4. Action: rotates the arm laterally.

5. One of the muscles associated with the rotator cuff.

Teres Minor

By: Stephenie Quirke and Allie Anderson

Location: Posterior Torso

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: Extends humerus or adducts and rotates arm medially

Hint: It has a name that is similar to a smaller muscle

Hannah Paruzynski & Jenny Knackert

Teres Major

Latissimus Dorsi

• Location-Posterior Torso• Origin-Spines of sacral, lumbar,

and lower thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest, and lower ribs

• Insertion-Intertububercular groove of humerus

• Action-Extends and adducts arm and rotates humerus inwardly, or pulls shoulder

• Also known as the “Swimmers Muscle”

Alex DellisTyler Zientara

• Location: This muscle is found on the posterior side of the shoulder.

• Origin: Posterior surface of scapula.

• Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus.

• Action: Rotates arm laterally.

• One of the four rotator cuff muscles.

InfraspinatusCully E. Fue X.

1. Location-Shoulder area of the posterior torso2. Origin-Posterior surface of the scapula3. Insertion-Greater tubercle of the humerus4. Action-Abducts the arm5. Other-One of the muscles that makes up the rotator cuff

By Courtney AtkinsonAshley Cridelich

Supraspinatus

• Location: Posterior side• Origin: Occipital bone &

spines of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

• Insertion: Clavicle; spine & acromion process

• Action: Rotates scapula & raises arm

• Clue: Extends from the shoulder to the thoracic area, also named from its shape Trapeziu

s

By: Kay Ray & Kell Bell

Internal Oblique

By: Stephen and Geoff

1. This muscle is found on the anterior side of the torso.

2. Origin: Crest of ilium and inguinal ligament

3. Insertion: Cartilages of lower ribs, linea alba, and crest of pubis

4. Action: Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

5. It is named for its location and direction of striations

1. Location: On the posterior side of the torso

2. Origin: Spines of upper thoracic vertebrae

3. Insertion: Medial border of scapula

4. Action: Raises and adducts scapula

5. Called 'postural muscles' because they pull the shoulders back when contracted.

Rhomboid Major

By: Syeda Rashid & Anna Park

1. Location: Anterior abdominal wall

2. Origin: Costal cartilages of lower ribs, processes of lumbar vertebrae, lip of iliac crest, and inguinal ligament

3. Insertion: Linea alba and crest of pubis

4. Action: Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

5. Named for muscle direction and general location

Transversus AbdominisBy: Hannah Schmidt and

Kristin KowaleskiGroup #3

• 5. Clue: Site of a typical vaccination injection By: Jennifer Gleason & Krysta Grotkiewicz

Deltoid1. Location: This muscle is

found on the anterior, posterior, and lateral sides of the torso.

2. Origin: Acromion process, spine of scapula, and clavicle

3. Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

4. Action: Abducts arm

Muscles of the Arm

1) Located on the anterior surface of the humerus.

2) The origin is the coracoid process & tubercle above the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

3) The insertion is the radial tuberosity of the radius.

4) Flexes forearm at the elbow and rotates hand laterally.

5) Is an antagonist to the triceps brachii.

Biceps BrachiiBy: Josh L. and Teely Y.

• The muscle is found on the posterior side of the arm

• It’s origins are below the glenoid cavity and lateral and medial surfaces of humerus

• Insertion is the olecranon process of ulna

• Extends forearm at elbow

• Used to shoot a basketball

Triceps Brachii

By: Gianni and Jkat

1- Located in the posterior forearm

Extensor carpi ulnaris

2- Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

3-Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal4- Action: Extends and adducts wrist

Amanda Wiske & Sarah Nelson

5- Runs parallel to ulna bone!

1. Location: The muscle is found in the palm side of the forearm.

2. Origin: The medial epicondyle of humerus.

3. Insertion: The base of the second and third metacarpals.

4. Action: Flexes and abducts the hand at wrist.

5. Named for its action of the wrist.

Flexor Carpi RadialisBy: Allie Leslie & Olivia Guttormsson

•Location: Upper arm muscle on anterior side.

•Origin: Anterior shaft of humerus.

•Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna.

•Action: Flexes forearm at elbow.

•Synergists with brachioradialis. Brachialis

By Katie Freibergs and Darcy McGlinn

1. The posterior forearm

2. Lateral epicondyle of humerus

3. Posterior surface of phalanges in fingers 2-5

4. Extends wrist and fingers

5. Next to the Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor digitorum

Blia Xiong & Jenna Gill

Flexor Carpi Ulnarisby: Samantha and Jaycelyn

• Located on the posterior side of the forearm.

• Origin is the medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process.

• insertion is the carpal and metacarpal bones.

• It flexes and abducts wrist. • Its named after its action,

location, and it does NOT radiate with the thumb.

1. Location: Anterior forearm

2. Origin: Distal lateral end of humerus

3. Insertion: Lateral surface of radius above styloid process

4. Action: Flexes forearm at elbow

5. Clue: A way to strengthen the muscle is a bicep curl

Brachioradialis

Marty and Marcus

1. This muscle is found on the anterior side of the upper arm

2. Origin: Coracoid process of scapula

3. Insertion: Shaft of humerus

4. Action: Flexes and adducts arm

5. This muscle is sometimes connected to the brachialis muscle

Coracobrachialis

Kelly Ertl and Katherine Crivello

This muscle is located on the posterior side of the body.

The origin is the distal end of the humerus.

The insertion is the base of the second metacarpal.

The action is extending the wrist and abducting the hand.

Part of its name comes from being a long muscle.

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Matt and Christoph

1. Found in the posterior forearm

2. It’s origin is lateral epicondyle of humerus

3. It’s insertion is the base of the second and third metacarpals

4. It extends wrist and abducts the hand. (abducts means moves a part from the midline.)

5. Radiates with the thumb.

•

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

By Brianna Schwanke and Sarah Bochat

1. Anterior side of the forearm.

2. Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus.

3. Insertion: Fascia of the palm.

4. Action: Flexes wrist.

5. The tendon goes out across the palm.

Palmaris Longus Kaine Vang, Aditi Patel, Olivia Latus

Muscles of the Leg

Location: Anterior side of the lower leg

Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral surface of tibia

Insertion: Tarsal bone and first metatarsal

Action: Dorsiflexion and Inversion of the foot

Hint: Soccer Players wear pads to protect this area of the leg

Tibialis Anterior

Ben S and R, Nick V.

1. Found on the anterior side of the thigh

2. Origin is spine of ilium and margin of acetabulum

3. Insertion is patella by the tendon, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

4. Extends leg at knee

5. Part of the quadriceps group

RECTUS FEMORISBy Matt Brunner and Chloe MacKinnon

• Found in anterior thigh

• Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

• Insertion: medial surface of tibia

• Action: flexes leg and thigh, abducts thigh, rotates side laterally & rotates leg medially

• The longest muscle in the body

Sartorius

By: Chelsea Glass & Gozoua Xiong

• Location: the most lateral of the four quadriceps muscles and is felt on the outside top of the thigh.

• Origin: Greater trochanter and posterior surface of the femur

• Insertion: Patella by tendon, which continues as patellar ligament to the tribial tuberosity

• Action: Extends leg at the knee• Clue: Tear drop shaped

VASTUS LATERALIIS

By: Mitchell Gasper

Located on the posterior side of the thigh.

• Adductor Longus• By: Mitch Olson, Ian

Ray

The origin is the Pubic bone near the symphysis pubis.

The insertion is the posterior surface of the femur.

Adducts, flexes, rotates, thigh laterally.

It is a “long” muscle that can be considered a pulled groin.

1. This muscle is located on the posterior side of the thigh.

2. Origin: sacrum, coccyx, and posterior surface of the ilium

3. Insertion: posterior surface of femur and fascia of thigh

4. Action: extends thigh5. Largest muscle in the

body Gluteus maximus By: Aly Eichman and Amie

Eichman

• Location: Posterior Thigh

• Origin: Lower edge of symphysis pubis

• Insertion: Medial surface of tibia

• Action: Adducts thigh, flexes and rotates lower limb medially.

• Hint: Long skinny muscle, on medial side of the thigh.

By: Brittany Alba & Cory Wunrow

Gracilis

• The muscle is found on the posterior side of the thigh.

• Origin: Ischial tuberosity

• Insertion: Medial surface of tibia

• Action: flexes leg, extends thigh

• Part of the hamstring group

• SemitendinosusSara Mogensen and Ryan Lepkowski

• Ariana Hansen• Brittany Brezgel

1. Located on the anterior side of the thigh.

2. Origin: Medial surface of femur.

3. Insertion: Patella by the tendon, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.

4. Action: Extends leg at knee

5. Part of the quadriceps group.

Vastus Medialis

1. This muscle is found on the lateral surface of the leg2. Origin: lateral condyle of tibia and head and shaft of fibula3. Insertion: Tarsal and metatarsal bones

4. Action: Plantar flexion and eversion of foot; also supports arch

5. You use it daily when walking on uneven surfaces Fibularis Longus

By: Shannon and Tess

• Found near the medial part of the upper thigh

• Origin: Ischial tuberosity

• Insertion: Posterior surface of femur

• Action: Adducts, extends and rotates thigh laterally

• It’s the muscle associated with a pulled groin

Adductor Magnus

Tony

1. Anterior side of the upper leg

2. Origin: Iliac fossa of ilium3. Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

4. Action: Flexes thigh

5. Many dancers have inflammation of this muscle Iliacus

By: Zach B & Becky

1) Located on lateral anterior part of thigh

2) Origin is anterior iliac crest

3) Insertion is fascia of thigh

4) Abducts, flexes, and rotates thigh medially

5) Although this muscle isn't used as frequently as other thigh muscles, it is key in stabilizing leg movement

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Taylor M. and Jocelyn S.

1. This muscle is located on the posterior side of the leg.

2. The origins are the lateral and medial condyles of femur.

3. The insertion is the posterior surface of the calcaneus.

4. The action is plantar flexion of foot and flexion of leg at knee.

5. This muscle’s common name is the calf.

Gastrocnemius

Dushan and Josh

1. Location: Posterior lower leg.

2. Origin: Lateral surface of ilium.

3. Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur.

4. Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially.

5. Clue: Trigger points of lower back pain.

Gluteus medius

Britt Mayek, Alyssa Dombrowski

1. This muscle is found on the posterior lower leg2. Origin: head and shaft of the fibula and posterior surface of tibia3. Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus4. Action: Plantar flexion of foot5. The muscle that can pull with the greatest force.

Soleus

By: Alyssa Moffatt Deon Gill

• Posterior side of the thigh

• Origin: Ischial tuberosity and posterior surface of the femur

• Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

• Action:Flexes leg and extends the thigh

• 1 of the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring

Biceps Femoris!By: Eric Windt and Harrison Wilkes