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Muscle and Nervous Tissue

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Page 1: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Muscle and Nervous Tissue

Page 2: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue

1. Muscle tissue (muscle system)● Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton)● Smooth muscle (muscles lining hollow organs)

● Cardiac muscle (heart)

4. Nervous tissue (nervous system)

○ neuron

○ glial cells

Page 3: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 4.10a Muscle tissues.

(a) Skeletal muscle

Description: Long, cylindrical,multinucleate cells; obviousstriations.

Function: Voluntary movement;locomotion; manipulation of theenvironment; facial expression;voluntary control.

Location: In skeletal musclesattached to bones oroccasionally to skin.

Photomicrograph: Skeletal muscle (approx. 460x).Notice the obvious banding pattern and thefact that these large cells are multinucleate.

Nuclei

Striations

Part ofmuscle fiber (cell)

Page 4: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 4.10b Muscle tissues.

(b) Cardiac muscle

Description: Branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate atspecialized junctions (intercalated discs).

Function: As it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control.Location: The walls of the heart.

Photomicrograph: Cardiac muscle (500X);notice the striations, branching of cells, andthe intercalated discs.

Intercalateddiscs

Striations

Nucleus

Page 5: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

(c) Smooth muscle

Description: Spindle-shapedcells with central nuclei; nostriations; cells arranged closely to form sheets.

Function: Propels substancesor objects (foodstuffs, urine,a baby) along internal passage-ways; involuntary control.

Location: Mostly in the wallsof hollow organs.

Photomicrograph: Sheet of smooth muscle (200x).

Smoothmusclecell

Nuclei

Figure 4.10c Muscle tissues.

Page 6: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 4.9 Nervous tissue.

Photomicrograph: Neurons (350x)

Function: Transmit electricalsignals from sensory receptorsand to effectors (muscles andglands) which control their activity.

Location: Brain, spinalcord, and nerves.

Description: Neurons arebranching cells; cell processesthat may be quite long extend fromthe nucleus-containing cell body;also contributing to nervous tissueare nonirritable supporting cells(not illustrated).

Dendrites

Neuron processes Cell body

Axon

Nuclei ofsupportingcells

Cell bodyof a neuron

Neuronprocesses

Nervous tissue

Page 7: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

What kind of tissue does this represent?

Where in the body can you find this tissue?

Skeletal muscle

muscles attached to the skeleton

Page 8: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

What kind of tissue does this represent?

Where in the body can you find this tissue?

Smooth muscle

muscles lining hollow organs

Page 9: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

What kind of tissue does this represent?

Where in the body can you find this tissue?

Cardiac muscle

heart

Page 10: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

What kind of tissue does this represent?

Where in the body can you find this tissue?

Motor Neuron Junction

Where motor nerves meet skeletal muscle

Page 11: Muscle and Nervous Tissue - Alabama School of Fine Arts...Types of Muscle and Nervous Tissue 1. Muscle tissue (muscle system) Skeletal muscle (muscles attached to the skeleton) Smooth

What kind of tissue does this represent?

Where in the body can you find this tissue?

Nervous tissue

nervous system