murder in the cathedral-derya

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    Nazlpnar 1

    Muzaffer Derya Nazlpnar

    Prof. Dr. Gnseli Snmez i

    Euro-American Drama

    14th March 2012

    THE QUALITIES OF THE PRIESTS IN MURDER IN THE CATHEDRAL

    The action and dialogue of the play reveal the specific qualities of each Priest in

    Murder in the Cathedral. After the opening chorus, Priests enter and supply the audience with

    information which is necessary to the historical background of the play. However, each priest

    characterizes himself. The First Priest is a man of inaction, concerned primarily with what is

    past: Seven years and the summer is over. / Seven years since the Archbishop left us (Eliot

    177) The second Priest, the man of action, concerned with what the Archbishop does, asks

    what the purpose of intrigues and conferences is, and in asking provides solid historical

    information. The Third Priest, with stoical indifference, philosophizes:

    I see nothing quite conclusive in the art of temporal government,

    But violence, duplicity and frequent malversation.

    King rules or barons rule:

    The strong man strongly and the weak man by caprice (Eliot 177).

    Considering the correspondences, the First Priest is Prufrockian, lost in memories of

    what was; the Second is concerned with things, a man of this world, and the Third is the

    speaker of paradoxes in Ash Wednesday .That is, the Priests are clearly distinguishable one

    from the other. An understanding of the correspondences defines and reinforces the meaning

    of the play itself. Further appearances of the Priests confirm their special limited quality.

    The First Priest is primarily concerned with the state of affairs, wanting most of all a peace.

    His last lines reveal two qualities which are essentially Prufrockian, fear and the propensity to

    think of what might have been:

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    Nazlpnar 2

    I fear for the Archbishop, I fear for the Church,

    I know that the pride bred of sudden prosperity

    Was but confirmed by bitter adversity.

    ..................

    Had the King been greater, or had he been weaker

    Things had perhaps been different for Thomas. (Eliot 178-179)

    The Second Priest is almost pleased that his Lord has returned. He will be there like a

    rock, a physical thing. He will be seen, and this Priest gains strength from what he can see:

    We can lean on a rock, we can feel a firm foothold

    Against the perpetual wash of tides of balance of forces of barons and landholders.

    The rock of God is beneath our feet. Let us meet the Archbishop with cordial

    thanksgiving:

    Our lord, our Archbishop returns. And when the Archbishop returns, our doubts are

    dispelled. (Eliot 179)

    This is the man who ask everyone to show a glad face, the strong man who would

    defend his archbishop: I am the Archbishops man. The Third Priest can only revert to type

    after such an outburst, and he apostrophizes once more:

    For good or ill, let the wheel turn.

    The wheel has been still, these seven years, and no good.

    For good or ill, let the wheel turn.

    For who knows the end of good or evil? (Eliot 179).

    The rest of the scene belongs to the Second Priest, who is concerned with the

    appearances of the people, asking them to put on pleasant faces and give a hearty welcome. In

    terms of the plays symmetry, this priest is the one who dominates the scene, because the

    Archbishop is present in the flesh. He does not appear in the last scene after Thomas has been

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    Nazlpnar 3

    killed. The last scene, in which the Second Priest is absent, suggesting that all action is over,

    is significant. The First Priest mourns for Thomas death and returns to the world of fear in

    which he began. He has not learnt fully the lesson of sacrifice which Thomas had taught in his

    sermon. Now like Prufrock in his poem, this First priest must resort to the thoughts of what

    might have been. He must mourn due to the dramatic type he represents. Neither has the Third

    Priest learnt from his experience. He now rejoices in an unconvincing fashion, because

    Canterbury has one more martyr to add his calendar. Thomas said in his sermon that

    Christians should both rejoice and mourn in the death of martyrs. We mourn for the sins of

    the world that has martyred them; we rejoice that another soul is numbered among the Saints

    in Heaven ... (Eliot 199). The First Priest mourns and the Third rejoices. That is, they have

    not understood the design of god which creates a martyr and which Thomas has understood.