municipal solid waste management in growing urban areas in africa; current production and practices...
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Municipal Solid Waste Management in Growing Urban Areas in Africa; Current Production and Practices in Jimma, Ethiopia
MSW in developing countries includes: paper, kitchen waste, plastics, metals, textiles, rubber and glass.In countries like USA it includes:food scraps and grass clippings to old sofas, tires, computers and refrigerators .The high proportion of waste produced in developing countries is biodegradable which is similar to what is observed in Jimma.
MSW in developing countries includes: paper, kitchen waste, plastics, metals, textiles, rubber and glass.In countries like USA it includes:food scraps and grass clippings to old sofas, tires, computers and refrigerators .The high proportion of waste produced in developing countries is biodegradable which is similar to what is observed in Jimma.
Tadesse Getahun1,2, Embiale Mengistie1,2 , Alemayehu Haddis1,2, Fantahun Wasie1, Tafere Addis1, Esayas Alemayehu1, Amana Jemal1, Desalegn Dadi1, Tom Van Gerven2, Bart Van der Bruggen2*
(1)Jimma University Department of Environmental Health-P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia. [email protected], tel. +251 471116141 Mob. +251 917804089
(2)K. U. Leuven Department of Chemical Engineering, Division Applied Physical Chemistry and Environmental Technology, W. de Croylaan 46, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium. [email protected],
(3) Tel. +32 16322726, Fax: +32 16322991.
Tadesse Getahun1,2, Embiale Mengistie1,2 , Alemayehu Haddis1,2, Fantahun Wasie1, Tafere Addis1, Esayas Alemayehu1, Amana Jemal1, Desalegn Dadi1, Tom Van Gerven2, Bart Van der Bruggen2*
(1)Jimma University Department of Environmental Health-P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia. [email protected], tel. +251 471116141 Mob. +251 917804089
(2)K. U. Leuven Department of Chemical Engineering, Division Applied Physical Chemistry and Environmental Technology, W. de Croylaan 46, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium. [email protected],
(3) Tel. +32 16322726, Fax: +32 16322991.
1. To evaluate the quantity, composition, sources of the waste generated and their disposal practices
2. To present recommendations for sustainable management system.
1. To evaluate the quantity, composition, sources of the waste generated and their disposal practices
2. To present recommendations for sustainable management system.
WHO s/w data collection & analysis procedure was used.
Data were collected 3 times for a week at different Seasons.
Source, rate of generation, composition determined.
Lab. analysis for waste properties made
WHO s/w data collection & analysis procedure was used.
Data were collected 3 times for a week at different Seasons.
Source, rate of generation, composition determined.
Lab. analysis for waste properties made
Result
Fig.1: Family size and rate of waste generation in Jimma
Type of solid waste Percentage
by weight (total)
Moisture content (% of total class)
Moisture content (% of total)
Organic content
(% total class)
Organic content
(% of total)
Biodegradable organic waste
Vege./Putrescibles 14.7 40.5 6.0 77.5 11.4
Paper 4.4 5.5 0.2 87.5 3.9
Food stuff peelings 12.0 72.3 8.6 82.1 9.9
Grass/leaves 23.1 78.5 18.0 76.0 17.6
Total 54.2 32.8 42.8
Fig.2: Educ. status of household & rate of waste generation in Jimma
Fig.3: Rate of waste generation at different seasons in Jimma
IntroductionIntroductionObjectivesObjectives
Materials and MethodsMaterials and Methods
In average, 87703 kg of S/W is generated per day of which only 25% is collected by Jimma municipality. 87% of the waste was produced by households, 13% by commercial and other institutions while a negligible fraction (0.1%) was generated by street sweepings. The rate of waste generation was observed to be 40% higher during the rainy season compared with the dry season because of the increased production of food peelings and vegetable/putrescibles. The biodegradable waste constitutes 54% by weight with an average moisture content of 60% which falls within the required limits for composting (Tiquia et al., 1997). Non-biodegradable organic and miscellaneous wastes are 34.4% and 11.4% respectively. Therefore, composting is the most recommendable management system in combination with other methods such as incineration, land filling, recycling and reuse.
In average, 87703 kg of S/W is generated per day of which only 25% is collected by Jimma municipality. 87% of the waste was produced by households, 13% by commercial and other institutions while a negligible fraction (0.1%) was generated by street sweepings. The rate of waste generation was observed to be 40% higher during the rainy season compared with the dry season because of the increased production of food peelings and vegetable/putrescibles. The biodegradable waste constitutes 54% by weight with an average moisture content of 60% which falls within the required limits for composting (Tiquia et al., 1997). Non-biodegradable organic and miscellaneous wastes are 34.4% and 11.4% respectively. Therefore, composting is the most recommendable management system in combination with other methods such as incineration, land filling, recycling and reuse.
Municipal Solid Waste Management in Growing Urban Areas in Africa:Current Production and Practices in Jimma, Ethiopia
Discussion and ConclusionDiscussion and Conclusion
AcknowledgementTo: IUC –JU for funding the study
Promoters: Prof. Van der Bruggen Prof. Tom Van Gerven