AIRSTUDIO

G A Y A N M U N A S I N G H ESEMESTER 01, 2014

S T U D I O A I RG A Y A N M U N A S I N G H E S E M E S T E R 0 1 , 2 0 1 4T U T O R S - R O S I E A N D C A M

CONTENTS

I N T R O D U C T I O N 4

pA RT A- C O N C E p T UA l I S AT I O N 5 A . 1 - D E S I G N f U T U R I N G 6 A . 2 - D E S I G N C O M p U TAT I O N 1 0 A . 3 - C O M p O S I T I O N / G E N E R AT I O N 1 8 A . 4 - C O N C lU S I O N 2 2 A . 5 - l E A R N I N G O U T C O M E S 2 3 A . 6 - A p p E N D I x - A l G O R I T H M I C S k E T E C H E S 2 4 pA RT A R E f E R E N C E S 2 6

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INTRODUCTION

Hi , my n am e i s G ay an Mu n a s i ng h e an d I am 2 0 ye ar s o l d . I w a s b or n i n Ne w Z e a l an d an d h ave a S r i l an k an b a c k g rou n d an d I h ave b e e n l i v i ng i n Me l b ou r n e for 1 8 ye ar s . I am c u r re nt ly i n my t h i rd ye ar at t h e Un ive r s i t y o f Me l b ou r n e s tu dy i ng A rc h i t e c tu re . I h ave b e e n i nt e re s t e d i n arc h i t e c tu re for m o s t o f my l i f e , e s p e c i a l l y m o d e r n arc h i t e c tu re . As a c h i l d , I l i ke d t o d r aw an d d e s i g n d re am h om e s t h i n k i ng on e d ay I wou l d l i ke t o b e c om e an arc h i t e c t . My d e s i re t o b e c om e an arc h i t e c t w a s i ns pi re d e ve n m ore w h e n my p are nt s d e c i d e d t o bu i l d a h ou s e an d an arc h i t e c t d e s i g n e d t h e n e w h ou s e . I got t o s e e t h e pro c e s s o f d e s i g n an d c re at iv i t y pro du c e d by t h e arc h i t e c t an d k n e w t h at I w ant e d t o d o t h e s am e i n t h e f utu re , s o h e re I am on my p at h t o b e c om e an arc h i t e c t .

I h ave m o s t ly d on e d e s i g n t h e t r a d i t i on a l w ay. Wit h p e n an d p ap e r an d h ave n’t d on e mu c h c omput e r d e s i g n i ng ap ar t f rom u s i ng R h i n o i n f i r s t ye ar for Vi r tu a l E nv i ron m e nt s . I d i d f i n d i t d i f f i c u l t a t f i r s t , h owe ve r on c e I got f am i l i ar w i t h t h e s of t w are , i t w a s am a z i ng t o s e e w h at out c om e you c ou l d a c h i e ve . I am l o ok i ng for w ard t o u s i ng Gr a s s h opp e r an d e x p l ore t h e d i f f e re nt w ay s o f c omput e r d e s i g n .

CONCEPTUALISATION

PART A -

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A.1 - DE SIg N F U T U R I Ng

Wit h ou r p opu l at i on g row i ng by t h e d ay, we n e e d t o l o ok t ow ard s w h at we c an d o i n t h e f utu re t o ke e p ou r s o c i e t y r u n n i ng . We n e e d t o d e s i g n i n a w ay t o c re at e a s u s t a i n ab l e f utu re . We n e e d t o d e s i g n for t h e f utu re . Cu r re nt ly, we are u s i ng re n e w abl e re s ou rc e s for e n e rg y 2 5 p e r c e nt f a s t e r t h an i t c an b e re n e we d 1 an d w i t h t h e p opu l at i on e x p e c t e d t o i n c re a s e i n t h e

f utu re , s o on t h e p l an e t w i t h n ot h ave e n ou g h re n e w abl e re s ou rc e s t o b e u s e d .

T h e f utu re o f d e s i g n i ng c an b e s e e n h av i ng o b j e c t s s u c h a s ar t wor k n ot on ly s e r ve a s v i s u a l e nt e r t a i n m e nt p i e c e s but e n c ou r a ge hu m an i nt e r a c t i on w i t h t h e ar t wor k w h i c h m ay s e r ve a s a m e t h o d of ge n e r at i ng e n e rg y for u s e w i t h i n l o c a l a re a s .

‘SwAy’D’, 2010, SALT LAkE CITy, UTAh, USA, DANEIL LymAN

Int e r a c t ive pu b l i c ar t wor k h a s b e e n a re c e nt t re n d t h rou g h out t h e wor l d g iv i ng t h e u s e r s a d i f f e re nt a s p e c t an d v i e w of t h e ar t wor k . T h e i nt e r a c t ive ar t wor k c an g ive u s e r s d i f f e re nt f e e l i ng s an d i nt e r a c t i ons an d c an s om e t i m e s c re at e s t or i e s an d a dve ntu re s e s p e c i a l l y t o c h i l d re n . A p i e c e i n S a l t l a ke C i t y, Ut a h , U S A , by D an i e l ly m an g ive s t h e u s e r s a s e ns e o f e x p l or at i on an d n atu re an d s c a l e i n t h e c i t y. T h e i nt e r a c t ive pu b l i c ar t wor k w a s c a l l e d ‘Sw ay ’d’ an d w a s i ns t a l l e d i n 2 0 1 0 . T h e i ns t a l l a t i on c ons i s t s o f ove r 1 0 0 0 m oly f i l l e d ny l on ro d s w h i c h e a c h are ove r 1 0 f e e t t a l l an d are qu i t e f l e x i b l e . 2 T h e i d e a o f t h e ar t wor k i s

t o re pre s e nt g r a s s w h i c h s w ay s i n t h e w i n d an d t o g ive t h e u s e r s a u n i qu e e x p e r i e n c e an d a dve ntu re . 3

T h e s e ns e o f s c a l e o f t h e ar t wor k g ive s t h e u s e r s a p l a c e t o won d e r an d ge t l o s t w i t h i n t h e c i t y an d i nt e r a c t w i t h t h e pu b l i c ar t . T h i s t y p e o f pu b l i c ar t i s n ot on ly ju s t appre c i at e d f rom v i e w i ng i t a s you go p a s t by, but at t r a c t s t h e pu b l i c t o i nt e r a c t w i t h t h e ar t by w a l k i ng t h rou g h an d t ou c h i ng t h e ar t wor k . Int e r a c t ive ar t wor k c an br i ng h appi n e s s an d j oy t o u s e r s e s p e c i a l l y i n c i t y a s i t a c t s a s a p l a c e t o e s c ap e t h e bu s y c i t y an d ge t l o s t i n t h e t a l l g r a s s s u c h a s ‘Sw ay ’d’.

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SImON LANgTON gRAmmAR, 2013, kENT, ENgLAND, PAvEgEN

D e s i g n i ng for t h e f utu re br i ng s n e w t e c h n ol o g i e s t o e x p l ore an d n e w w ay s t o ut i l i s e m e t h o d s o f pro du c i ng c l e an e n e rg y. D e s i g n i ng a s u s t a i n ab l e f utu re c an b e d on e i n a w ay t h at t h e u s e r s m i g ht n ot b e aw are o f w h at t h e y are c ont r i but i ng an d ge t t i ng i nvo lve d i n . l i t t l e d o t h e y k n ow, t h e y c an b e h e lp i ng t h e c i t y b e m ore s u s t a i n ab l e an d a l s o l owe r t h e u s e o f re n e w abl e re s ou rc e s an d pro du c e c l e an e n e rg y. O n pro j e c t t h at h a s d on e t h i s i s a s c h o o l i n ke nt , E ng l an d . It i s t h e s tu d e nt s at S i m on l ang t on Gr am m ar t h at a re m a k i ng an i mp a c t t o t h e f utu re o f s u s t a i n abi l i t y. T h an k s t o n e w t e c h n ol o g y, t h e s tu d e nt s s i mply w a l k d ow n t h e i r s c h o o l c or r i d or s an d at t h e s am e t i m e are ge n e r at i ng e n e rg y w h i c h i s c aptu re d . T h e n e w t e c h n ol o g y i s c a l l e d ‘pave ge n’, n e w c ar p e t t i l e s w h i c h are m a d e f rom re c yc l e d t r u c k t y re s u s e t h e fo ot s t e p s o f t h e s tu d e nt s t o c aptu re t h e k i n e t i c e n e rg y an d u s e i t a s p owe r. 4 T h i s i ns t a l l a t i on n ot on ly t e a c h e r s t h e s tu d e nt s ab out s av i ng e l e c t r i c i t y an d b e i ng s u s t a i n ab l e , i t a l s o e n c ou r a ge s t h e s tu d e nt s t o b e a c t ive an d w a l k t h rou g h t h e c or r i d or s k n ow i ng i t i s h e lp i ng t h e s c h o o l an d i s a l s o h e lp i ng t h e m b e a c t ive . 5

T h i s t e c h n ol o g y c an b e u s e d i n m any c i t i e s an d bu i l d i ng s t o s i mply pro du c e c l e an e n e rg y. In t h e f utu re , t h e s e t y p e s o f t e c h n ol o g y i ns t a l l a t i ons c an b e u s e d i n h i g h fo ot t r a f f i c a re a s s u c h a s bu s y c i t y fo otp at hs , an d t h e re s u l t w i l l h e lp d e s i g n a s u s t a i n ab l e f utu re for c l e an e n e rg y an d a l s o w i l l l owe r t h e c o s t o f e l e c t r i c i t y i n t h e f utu re .

T h i s p owe r ge n e r at i ng t e c h n ol o g y c ou l d a l s o b e i ns t a l l e d i n h ou s e h o l d h om e s for f am i l i e s , w h i c h w i l l d e f i n i t e ly l owe r t h e c o s t s o f e l e c t r i c i t y but c o l l e c t i ng t h e k i n e t i c e n e rg y b e i ng pro du c e by t h e fo ot s t e p s on t h e s e t e c h n ol o g i c a l f l o or t i l e s .

pro j e c t s l i ke ‘pave ge n’ a t S i m on l ang t on Gr am m ar h ave p ot e nt i a l t o m a ke a t re n d t o f utu re d e s i g n i ng an d c an h ave a s i g n i f i c ant i mp a c t t o c h ange t h e wor l d . Us i ng s om e t h i ng l i ke k i n e t i c e n e rg y we hu m ans ju s t pro du c e e ve r yd ay ju s t by w a l k i ng arou n d , c an c h ange t h e wor l d t o pro du c i ng c l e an e r e n e rg y an d a l s o s ave m on e y on e l e c t r i c i t y u s e .

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A.2 - DE SIg N C Om P U TAT ION

D e s i g n h a s c om e a l ong f ar i n t h e l a s t c oupl e o f ye ar s du e t o t h e r i s e i n t e c h n ol o g y. C omput e r s h ave a dv an c e d an d n e w s of t w are h a s b e e n d e ve l op e d t o a s s i s t i n d e s i g n i ng an d t o m o d e l p o s s i b l e out c om e s . C omput e r s are s up e r b an a ly t i c a l e ng i n e s w h i c h n e ve r t i re , m a ke n o s i l l y m i s t a ke s an d c an s t ore l a rge am ou nt s o f i n for m at i on . 1 D e s i g n c omput at i on h a s c h ange d t h e w ay an d pro c e s s o f d e s i g n i ng . D e s i g n i s a pu r p o s e f u l a c t iv i t y a i m e d at a c h i e v i ng s om e we l l d e f i n e d go a l s . 2 D e s i g n c an b e d on e by t wo p ar t i c u l ar

w ay s . C omput e r i s at i on d e s i g n an d C omput at i on a l d e s i g n .

In m o s t c a s e s , e s p e c i a l l y w i t h arc h i t e c tu re , c omput e r i s at i on d e s i g n i s t h e c om m on m e t h o d . B e fore t h e c omput e r s are i nvo lve d , d e s i g n i s p l an n e d out an d rou g h for ms are c re at e d on p ap e r t o m a ke s u re you h ave a s u c c e s s f u l d e s i g n . It i s l a t e r w h e re t h e d e s i g n i s put i nt o c omput e r s of t w are f rom t h e d e s i g n e d for m an d m an ipu l at e d t h rou g h c omput e r.

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FLINDERS STREET STATION ShORTLIST, 2013, mELbOURNE,zAhA hADID ARChITECTS

A pro j e c t t h at h a s fo l l owe d c omput e r i s at i on d e s i g n i s t h e f l i n d e r s S t re e t S t at i on S h or t l i s t d e s i g n i n 2 0 1 3 by we l l k n ow n arc h i t e c t Z a h a Ha d i d . T h e pro j e c t w a s t o d e s i g n a n e w s t at i on t h at w a s t h e c e nt r a l hu b of Me l b ou r n e . 3 T h i s pro j e c t wou l d d e f i n i t e ly b e we l l p l an n e d on p ap e r b e fore i t w a s wor ke d on t h e c omput e r a s i t w a s a s t at i on w h i c h n e e d e d c are f u l p l an n i ng of s p a c e s an d for m

b e fore any c omput e r d e s i g n c ou l d b e d on e . A f t e r a d e s i g n for m i s c re at e d , i t c an t h e n b e put i nt o c omput e r d e s i g n i ng s of t w are t o b e m an ipu l at e d an d c h ange d arou n d . We c an s e e t h at t h e d e s i g n c an c h ange i n for m a b i t an d c an d e ve l op i nt e re s t i ng f a c a d e s w i t h i n t h e c omput e r s of t w are . C ont i nu i ng t h e pro j e c t on c omput e r m a ke s i t f a s t e r an d e a s i e r t o d o c h ange s w h i c h are b e n e f i t s o f c omput e r d e s i g n i ng .

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D oi ng d e s i g n on p ap e r f i r s t t h e n on c omput e r i s on e w ay. T h e ot h e r, c omput at i on a l d e s i g n i s a l l d on e on c omput e r f rom s t ar t t o f i n i s h . C omput at i on a l d e s i g n g ive s f re e d om t o t h e d e s i g n an d c an t a ke any for m by p l ay i ng arou n d on t h e c omput e r. It i s m o s t ly e x p e r i m e nt a l t r y i ng v ar i ou s out c om e s w h i c h c an b e qu i c k ly pro du c e d on t h e c omput e r f a s t e r t h an d oi ng i t by h an d .

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CLIFF hOUSE, 2012, NEvADA, USA, ROLAND SNOOkS

A pro j e c t t h at u s e d c omput at i on a l d e s i g n w a s R o l an d S n o ok s , C l i f f Hou s e for Ne v a d a , U S A . T h e pro j e c t w a s for e x p e r i m e nt a l pu r p o s e s for c omp o s i t e f i bre arc h i t e c tu re . T h e ge om e t r y n e got i at e s c ompl e x b e h av i ou r s s u c h a s s t r u c tu re an d or n am e nt . 4 C omput at i on a l d e s i g n h a s i mp a c t e d on t h e r ange o f ge om e t r y t h at c an b e d e s i g n e d . T h e ge om e t r y c re at e d i n t h e C l i f f Hou s e pro j e c t l o ok s ve r y d i f f e re nt an d ab s t r a c t an d c ou l d h ave n e ve r b e e n d e s i g n e d by h an d .

D e s i g n c omput at i on g ive s u n i qu e opp or tu n i t i e s an d i n n ov at i on t o d e s i g n pro j e c t s an d t a ke s t h e m t o an ot h e r l e ve l . Wit h t e c h n ol o g y s o a dv an c e d t h e s e d ay s , i t i s qu i t e p o s s i b l e t o c ons t r u c t any c omput at i on a l d e s i g n . fabr i c at i on d e s i g ns h a d n ow e m e rge d a s a l e a d i ng t e c h n ol o g i c a l t o o l t o prot ot y p e an d c ons t r u c t t h e s e c ompl e x d e s i g ns . 5 It i s s i mply am a z i ng w h at t e c h n ol o g y c an d o t o c h ange d e s i g n t o t a ke i t f u r t h e r.

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A.3 - COmPOSITION/gENERATION

D e s i g n s of t w are a l l ow s t h e u s e r s t o go f u r t h e r t h an b e fore t o e x p e r i m e nt an d m an ipu l at e d e s i g n w i t h t h e a i d o f a l gor i t h ms . A l gor i t h ms a c t a s a re c ip e , a m e t h o d , a t e c h n i qu e for d oi ng s om e t h i ng t h rou g h c omput at i on a l d e s i g n w i t h l o g i c . 1 A rc h i t e c t s h ave u s e d a l gor i t h m i c t h i n k i ng t o go b e yon d w i t h t h e i r d e s i g n w h i c h c ou l d n ot h ave b e e n a c h i e ve d w i t h p e n t o p ap e r or s i mpl e C A D pro g r ams .

par am e t r i c m o d e l l i ng s of t w are s u c h a s R h i n o c e ro s an d i n c onju n c t i on w i t h Gr a s s h opp e r c an pro du c e u n i qu e an d i nt e re s t i ng d e s i g n out c om e s by fo l l ow i ng s om e s i mpl e a l gor i t h ms . D e s i g n c omput at i on g ive s arc h i t e c t s t h e opp or tu n i t y t o ge n e r at e c ompl e x ord e r, for m an d s t r u c tu re i n t h e s e s of t w are an d ge n e r at i ng t h e s e d e s i g ns c an b e a c h i e ve d . 2

SON- O- hOUSE, 2004, SON EN bREUgEL, NEThERLANDS, NOx

T h i s pu b l i c p av i l i on i n t h e Ne t h e r l an d s h a s u n i qu e for m an d s t r u c tu re an d h a s c ombi n e d t h at w i t h t h e u s e o f m at e r i a l i t y. T h e S on - O - Hou s e i s an i nt e r a c t ive arc h i t e c tu r a l p i e c e an d s h ow s h ow p ar am e t r i c d e s i g n an d a l gor i t h ms h ave b e e n u s e d t o c re at e t h e for m an d m at e r i a l i t y s h ow s

t h e ge n e r at i on of t h e pro j e c t . T h e s t r u c tu re i s f abr i c at e d w i t h r i b b e d s t e e l for m i ng t h e c ompl e x s h ap e s o f t h e d e s i g n an d s h ow s t h e p ar am e t r i c m o d e l l i ng d on e on t h e c omput e r. T h e m e s h s t e e l a c t s a s a s k i n for t h e s ke l e t a l r i b s t r u c tu re an d s h ow s t h e for m of t h e d e s i g n n i c e ly.

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TORI TORI RESTAURANT, 2011, POLANCO, mExICO,ROjkIND ARqUITECTOS

par am e t r i c d i g i t a l m o d e l l i ng c an ju s t b e u s e d for p ar t o f a d e s i g n for a bu i l d i ng . In t h e c a s e o f t h e Tor i Tor i R e s t au r ant i n Me x i c o, a l gor i t h m i c t h i n k i ng w a s u s e d t o ge n e r at e a out e r s k i n t o t h e bu i l d i ng . As we l l a s d e s i g n i ng a p ar am e t r i c out e r s k i n for t h e bu i l d i ng , t h e arc h i t e c t s w ant e d t o m a ke t h e d e s i g n p o s s i b l e t o b e f abr i c at e d i n Me x i c o. T h e arc h i t e c t s e x p e r i m e nt e d w i t h d i g i t a l d e s i g n a s we l l a s f abr i c at i on . T h e y w ant e d t o

t r ans l at e c ompl e x ge om e t r i e s i nt o s i mpl e d r aw i ng s t h at b e n e f i t e d l o c a l m anu f a c tu r i ng . 3

T h e s e n e w w ay s o f pro du c i ng c ompl e x d e s i g ns w i t h t h e u s e o f a l gor i t h ms an d p ar am e t r i c m o d e l l i ng i s m a k i ng an i mp a c t on arc h i t e c tu re . It i s m ov i ng f rom an e r a w h e re arc h i t e c t s u s e s of t w are t o on e w h e re t h e y c re at e s of t w are . 4

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A.4 - CONCLUSION

l o ok i ng b a c k at t h e pre c e d e nt s for par t A , we s e e h ow c omput at i on a l d e s i g n h a s m a d e an i mp a c t on arc h i t e c tu re . Ye ar s a go, we c ou l d n ot h ave h a d i m a g i n e d pro du c i ng d e s i g ns w i t h s u c h c ompl e x ge om e t r i e s an d t o l a t e r f abr i c at e t h e m an d i t i s a l l t h an k s t o c omput e r s of t w are g iv i ng arc h i t e c t s t h e ab i l i t y t o u s e p ar am e t r i c an d a l gor i t h ms t o pro du c e an d c ons t r u c t s u c h d e s i g ns . Wh e n fo l l ow i ng c omput at i on a l d e s i g n , I t h i n k i t i s qu i t e i mp or t ant t o b e f re e an d e x p e r i m e nt m any p o s s i b i l i t i e s . Wit h n e w t e c h n ol o g i e s av a i l ab l e t o d ay, i n n ov at i on i s i n c or p or at e d i nt o d e s i g n t o pro du c e out c om e s t h at b e n e f i t t h e f utu re . for t h e l an d A r t G e n e r at or In i t i at ive pro j e c t , e x p e r i m e nt i ng an d e x p l or i ng d e s i g n i d e a s i s c r u c i a l t o b e n e f i t t h e f utu re o f C op e n h a ge n . D e s i g n i ng for t h e f utu re i n c or p or at i ng w i t h e n e rg y ge n e r at i on w i t h arc h i t e c tu re c an b e e x p e r i m e nt e d t h rou g h p ar am e t r i c m o d e l l i ng an d c omput at i on a l d e s i g n t o pro du c e u n i qu e an d i nt e re s t i ng out c om e s for t h e pro j e c t .

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A.5 - LEARNINg OUTCOmES

Stu d i o A i r h a s g ive n m e a g re at i ns i g ht t o c omput at i on a l d e s i g n an d h ow c omput e r t e c h n ol o g y h a s i n f lu e n c e arc h i t e c tu re t o d ay. It i s am a z i ng h ow arc h i t e c tu r a l c omput at i on l o ok s s o d i f f e re nt t o t r a d i t i on a l a rc h i t e c tu re w i t h c ompl e x for ms an d ge om e t r y, ye t h a s l o g i c b e h i n d t h e d e s i g n w i t h t h e u s e o f a l gor i t h ms t o m a ke t h e d e s i g n b e ab l e t o b e f abr i c at e d . It w a s i mp or t ant t o l o ok at p a s t pro j e c t s t o s e e h ow c omput at i on a l d e s i g n h a s b e e n u s e d an d a l s o l o ok i ng i nt o ge n e r at i ng e n e rg y w h i c h i s i mp or t ant for t h e pro j e c t a h e a d . Now k n ow i ng ab out u s i ng a l gor i t h ms an d c omput at i on , p a s t d e s i g ns c ou l d d e f i n i t e ly b e i mprove d an d t a ke n f u r t h e r w i t h t h i s t e c h n ol o g y an d d e s i g n m e t h o d .

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A.6 - APPENDIx - ALgORIThmICSkETChES

WEEk 1

WEEk 2

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It h a s b e e n ve r y i nt e re s t i ng u s i ng Gr a s s h opp e r t o d o a l gor i t h m i c d e s i g n . It c an b e re a l l y f u n on c e you k n ow h ow t o u s e t h e c omp on e nt s an d s of t w are an d c an pro du c e m any d i f f e re nt out c om e s w i t h a f e w s i mpl e c l i c k s . T h e re are t i m e s t h at t h i ng s d o go w rong w h i c h c an b e f r u s t r at i ng . S o f ar, I h ave b e e n ab l e t o fo l l ow t h e tut or i a l s , but h ave n’t gon e f u r t h e r s i n c e I am n ot s u re s om e t i m e on h ow t o t a ke t h e d e s i g n f u r t h e r du e t o l a c k o f s o f t w are e x p e r i e n c e an d t i m e .

WEEk 3

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PART A REFERENCESA.1

1 . Tony, fr y, D e s i g n futu r i ng : Su s t a i n abi l i t y, Et h i c s an d Ne w pr a c t i c e ( Ox ford : B e rg ) , ( 2 0 0 8 ) , p g 42 . Na s t a s i , A l i s on , 1 0 p l ay f u l p u b l i c Wor k s o f A r t ( 2 0 1 2 ) < ht tp : / / f l avor w i re . c om / 3 2 8 2 0 8 / 1 0 -p l ay f u l - pu b l i c - wor k s - of - ar t / 7 / > [ a c c e s s e d 1 0 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]3 . S WAY ’ D Int e r a c t ive p u b l i c A r t Ins t a l l a t i on / D an i e l ly m an ( 2 0 1 1 ) < ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly.c om / 1 4 2 7 6 3 / s w ay % E 2 % 8 0 % 9 9 d - i nt e r a c t ive - pu b l i c - ar t - i ns t a l l a t i on - d an i e l - ly m an / > [ a c c e s s e d 1 0 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]4 . Wai nw r i g ht , O l ive r, T h e f l o or h a s e ar s : t h e s c h o o l c ar p e t t h at ge n e r at e s e n e rg y an d t r a c k s pupi l s’ e ve r y m ove ( 2 0 1 3 ) < ht tp : / / w w w. t h e g u ard i an . c om / ar t an d d e s i g n / arc h i t e c tu re - d e s i g n - b l o g / 2 0 1 3 /s e p / 0 6 / s c h o o l - c ar p e t - e n e rg y - t r a c k s - pupi l s > [ a c c e s s e d 1 0 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]5 . S i m on l ang t on S c h o ol 2 0 1 3 ( 2 0 1 4 ) < ht tp : / / w w w. p ave ge n . c om / s i m on - l ang t on - s c h o ol - 2 0 1 3 > [ a c c e s s e d 1 0 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]

S WAY ’ D i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly. c om / 1 4 2 7 6 3 / s w ay % E 2 % 8 0 % 9 9 d - i nt e r a c t ive - pu b l i c - ar t -i ns t a l l a t i on - d an i e l - ly m an /pave ge n i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. p ave ge n . c om / s i m on - l ang t on - s c h o ol - 2 0 1 3

A.2

1 . ka l ay, Ye hu n d a E . ( 2 0 0 4 ) . A rc h i t e c tu re’s Ne w Me d i a : pr i n c ip l e s , T h e or i e s , an d Me t h o d s o f C omput e r- A i d e d D e s i g n ( C ambr i d ge , M A : M I T pre s s ) , p g 22 . ka l ay, ( 2 0 0 4 ) , p g 53 . fu r u l o, A l i s on , T h e f l i n d e r s S t re e t S t at i on S h or t l i s t e d prop o s a l / Z a h a Ha d i d A rc h i t e c t s + BV N A rc h i t e c tu re , ( 2 0 1 3 ) , < ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly. c om / 4 1 2 8 3 7 / t h e - f l i n d e r s - s t re e t - s t at i on - s h or t l i s t e d -prop o s a l - z a h a - h a d i d - arc h i t e c t s - bv n - arc h i t e c tu re / > [ a c c e s s e d 1 7 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]4 . C l i f f Hou s e , ( 2 0 1 2 ) , kok ku g i a , < ht tp : / / w w w. kok ku g i a . c om / c l i f f - h ou s e > [ a c c e s s e d 1 7 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]5 . Ox m an , R iv k a an d R o b e r t Ox m an , e d s ( 2 0 1 4 ) . T h e or i e s o f t h e D i g i t a l i n A rc h i t e c tu re ( l on d on ; Ne w yor k : R out l e d ge ) , p g 5

f l i n d e r s S t re e t S t at i on prop o s a l i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly. c om / 4 1 2 8 3 7 / t h e - f l i n d e r s - s t re e t -s t at i on - s h or t l i s t e d - prop o s a l - z a h a - h a d i d - arc h i t e c t s - bv n - arc h i t e c tu re /C l i f f Hou s e i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. s u c ke r pu n c h d ai ly. c om / 2 0 1 4 / 0 2 / 1 9 / c l i f f - h ou s e /

A.31 . D e f i n i t i on of ‘A l gor i t h m’ i n Wi l s on , R o b e r t A an d fr an k C . ke i l e d s ( 1 9 9 9 ) . T h e M I T E n c yc l op e d i a o f C o g n i t ive S c i e n c e s ( l on d on : M I T pre s s ) , p g 1 12 . pe t e r s , Br a dy. ( 2 0 1 3 ) ‘C omput at i on Wor k s : T h e Bu i l d i ng of A l gor i t h m i c T h ou g ht’, A rc h i t e c tu r a l D e s i g n , 8 3 , 2 , p g 1 03 . Tor i Tor i R e s t au r ant / R oj k i n d A rqu i t e c t o s + E SR AW E Stu d i o, ( 2 0 1 1 ) , < ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly.c om / 1 8 7 1 1 5 / t or i - t or i - re s t au r ant - ro j k i n d - arqu i t e c t o s - e s r awe - s tu d i o - 2 / > [ a c c e s s e d 2 4 Marc h 2 0 1 4 ]4 . pe t e r s , ( 2 0 1 3 ) , p g 1 0

S on - O - Hou s e i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. e vd h . n e t / s on oh ou s e /Tor i Tor i R e s t au r ant i m a ge s f rom ht tp : / / w w w. arc h d a i ly. c om / 1 8 7 1 1 5 / t or i - t or i - re s t au r ant - ro j k i n d -arqu i t e c t o s - e s r awe - s tu d i o - 2 /

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PART b - CRITERIA DESIgN

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b.1- RESEARCh FIELDS

bIOmImICRy

Bi om i m i c y i s m i m i c i ng n atu re . fr a c t r a l s Voron oi sHe x a gonsl Sy s t e ms

C an c re at e c ompl e x ge om e t r y

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b.2- CASE STUDy 1.0

3 0

3 1

3 2

3 3