multimode quantum optics nicolas treps claude fabre galle keller vincent delaubert benot chalopin...

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Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Gaëlle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benoît Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia d’Auria Jean-François Morizur Olivier Pinel Laurent Lopez Thomas Coudreau Agnès Maître En collaboration avec Hans Bachor, Canberra

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Page 1: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Multimode quantum optics

Nicolas TrepsClaude Fabre

Gaëlle KellerVincent DelaubertBenoît ChalopinGiuseppe PateraVirginia d’Auria

Jean-François MorizurOlivier Pinel

Laurent Lopez

Thomas CoudreauAgnès Maître

En collaboration avec Hans Bachor, Canberra

Page 2: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Light : information

light beam

detector

intensity

photocurrent

Continuous variable regime : about 1016 photons/second

Page 3: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phase

Light : information

Page 4: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phasepolarization

Light : information

Page 5: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phase

polarization

position

Light : information

Page 6: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phase

polarization

position

imaging

traitement d’image

Light : information

Page 7: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phase

polarization

position

imagerietraiteme

nt d’image

time

Light : information

Page 8: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

intensity

phase

polarization

position

imagingtraiteme

nt d’image

time

Light : information

Page 9: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Multimode light

Light beam

Monochromatic case :

All modes, even vacuum, have to be considered

polarization

space frequency

Electric field operator

Page 10: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Quantum description of multimode light

(n-1) non-classical state of zero mean value

1( )u r

( )nu r

vacuum

vacuum

Single mode “classically” : 0 0ˆ ( ) ( )E r u r

modes

0 ( )u rsingle mode beam

state of mean value 0 state of mean value 0

multimode beam

Single mode vs. multimode

Prospective : use of symplectic transformation to extract invariant quantities

Page 11: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Menu

Quantum optics with frequency combs

Position measurement and spatial entanglement

Noiseless image amplification

EPR states generation and characterization : see poster of Gaëlle Keller

Page 12: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Menu

Quantum optics with frequency combs

Position measurement and spatial entanglement

Noiseless image amplification

Page 13: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

1er ordre (Taylor)

proportionnel à Pas de dépendanceen

d

= + x

For small displacement ( ) of a TEM00

Displacement of a gaussian beam

Page 14: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Small displacementIntensity measurement

light beamw0 light beamw0

+1

-1x

g xg

x

g

Detection mode : image x gain function

1i

2i

64% overlap

Page 15: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Standard Cramer Rao bound is reached

+PZT

incident TEM00 beam -

LO

x

Homodyne detection

Field measure

Page 16: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Multimode quantum light

+PZT

TEM00 incident -

LO

x

+Coherent squeezed vacuum

Experimental realization in Canberra : 2dB of spatial noise squeezing

position squeezed beam

Page 17: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Several bits on a focal point :

Application to optical read-out

Page 18: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

+Coherent squeezed vacuum

+Coherent squeezed vacuum

Spatial entanglementConjugate variable ?

Multimode entanglement

Page 19: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Transverse displacement

d

Displacement and tilt of a gaussian beam

+

Tilt

+

Entanglement between position and momentum of a macroscopic beam !First results :inseparability « measure »

mesurécorrigé des pertes

critère EPR critère EPR

Other variables : angular momentum, rotationsQuantum information

Page 20: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Experiment at ANU

Page 21: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Menu

Quantum optics with frequency combs

Position measurement and spatial entanglement

Noiseless image amplification

Page 22: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Signal

PumpParametric generation

Idler

Parametric generation

Spatial and time correlations

pump

signal

idlerin

2out

pump2

Parametric amplification

IN

OUT

IN

OUT

Insensible à la phase Sensible à la phase

Page 23: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

OPO in a dual cavity

Semi-confocal

Relative phase between pump and image

Page 24: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Injectionoutput

Setup

EOMintensitymodulation

spectrumanalyser

image generation

Noiseless amplification in Type II

Noise

fact

or

Gain

Amplified images

noiseless amplification regime

phase insensitive

phase sensitive

Page 25: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Relative phase (amplification/deamplification)Time (Locked traces)

Noiseless amplificationTwin images

Squeezing and entanglement

Squeezing and entanglement

Page 26: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

OPA

Squeezed and entangled beams of various transverse shapes

OPA in a self imaging cavity

pumpAll images !Bellow threshold :

- local squeezing- multimode entanglement

Squeezing and entanglement

Page 27: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Réduction du bruit quantique et intrication

Page 28: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Menu

Quantum optics with frequency combs

Position measurement and spatial entanglement

Noiseless image amplification

Page 29: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Time and frequency

Mode locked femtosecond laser

synchronously pumped OPO

LaserOPO

Advantages

Act as a continuous laser with very high peak intensityVery low threshold cavity

High efficiency for generation of non classical light

Page 30: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Frequency domain

frequency comb

signal and idler

Time and frequency

Mode locked femtosecond laser

synchronously pumped OPO

LaserOPO

Page 31: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur

Temporal homodyne detection

LaserOPO

frequency doubling

pulse shaping

-

Application : scanning the temporal modes emitted by the OPOtime measurement by analogy with spatial measurementcorrelations / entanglement

Prospective : quantum noise in metrology quantum information and communication

spatiotemporal quantum effects

Page 32: Multimode quantum optics Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre Galle Keller Vincent Delaubert Benot Chalopin Giuseppe Patera Virginia dAuria Jean-Franois Morizur