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MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS AS A LANDSCAPE KNOWLEDGE’S TOOL FOR A PROCESS OF PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE Landscape Architect Michela Tolli
Sapienza University of Rome
COLLOQUE « CONCILIER EXPERTISE SCIENTIFIQUE ET PARTICIPATION : LE DÉFI POSÉ PAR LA CONVENTION EUROPÉENNE DU PAYSAGE », Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) 28 et 29 AVRIL 2014
Co-authors:
Prof. Fabio Recanatesi, Tuscia University, Viterbo Prof. Elio Trusiani, Sapienza University of Rome
European Landscape Convention The European Landscape Convention (Council of Europe, FI 2000) describes landscape as the result of the constant interaction between the PHYSICAL, NATURAL , SOCIAL and CULTURAL components. Considering together all these components, you have a complex combination of objects which constitute an ORGANIC UNITY IN CONSTANT EVOLUTION (Sestini, 1963).
1. Give importance to the PARTICIPATION of citizens and public administrations
2. The need for a comparison between physical and natural components and socio-cultural one
3. The need to find TOOLS able to interpret the complexity of the landscape
ISSUES from the European Landscape Convention:
AIM OF THE WORK The present study aims to provide to the public administration of Cerveteri's municipality (Centre of Italy)
ITALY, Lazio region
PROVINCE OF ROME CERVETERI MUNICIPALITY
ROME
MAPS AND GUIDELINES as SUPPORT IN THE CHOICES OF LAND's TRANSFORMATION, through two parallel step: experiencing the multi-criteria tool to make a quantitative analysis, and together, by subjecting questionnaires to the population.
SINTHESYS
METHODOLOGY STEP 1 – MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS In the present work we used a hierarchical MCA (Analytical Hierarchy Process) which allows to assign different priorities to available information and, through the application of FUZZY LOGIC, you can also to relate heterogeneous analysis feedback, otherwise not directly comparable.
COLLECTION OF INFORMATION’S LAYERS AVAILABLE INCREASE OF INFORMATION’S LAYERS
COLLECTION OF STATISTICAL DATA ON THE POPULATION
STEP 2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS by local actors At the same time, we worked for the PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL ACTORS, through questionnaires.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE STATISTICAL SAMPLE
PROCESSING
DRAWING UP AND DISTRIBUTION QUESTIONNAIRE
SINTHESYS PROJECT FUZZY ANALYSIS
PROCESSING 0
COLLECTION AND INCREASE OF INFORMATION LAYERS
Digital Elevation Model Slope map Phisical and natural components Anthropogenic components
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
1 2
FUZZY ANALYSIS
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
3
SINTHESYS
MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS RESULT Suitability classes on 100sqm pixel
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
SINTHESYS
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
FORESTED AREAS, High suitability value
SINTHESYS
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
ETRUSCAN NECROPOLI, High suitability value
SINTHESYS
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
AREA WITH LOW SUITABILITY VALUE
SINTHESYS
MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS RESULT Identification of three macro areas, bringing together classes with similar suitability values
STEP1 - MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
COLLECTION OF POPULATION STATISTICAL DATA 0
STEP2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS
Population 36.524 inhabitants OF WHICH: 17.925 Males 18.599 Females
IDENTIFICATION OF THE STATISTICAL SAMPLE 0 1
STEP2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
1
0-14 5.569
15-29 5.258
30-49 12.305
50-69 12.305
70-100+ 4.392
Inh
abit
ants
Population data by age
0 1 3
DRAWING UP AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
STEP2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS
Background variables
AGE
18–30
30–50
Over 50
Not given
GENDER
Male
Female
Not given
RESIDENCE
City
Countryside
Assessment of macro-fields from multi-
criteria analysis
VALUE MACRO-FIELD NAME 1 - Low Hill's area
2 - Medium Rural area
3 - High Mixed area
HILL’S AREA RURAL AREA MIXED AREA
Classification of landscape elements
VALUE ELEMENTS
DESCRIPTION
1 - Low …
2 - Medium …..
3 - High …….
0 1 3 SYNTHESIS
STEP2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS
Respondent background variables Background variables
Percentage of respondents
AGE
18–30 25
30–50 42
Over 50 30
Not given 3
GENDER
Male 46
Female 52
Not given 2
RESIDENCE
City 55
Countryside 45
Assessment of macro-fields from multi-criteria analysis
VALUE (%)
1 - Low 2 - Medium 3 - High Not given
MACRO-FIELD NAME
Hill's area 3 44 53 0 Rural area 39 37 24 0 Mixed area 56 41 2 1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 - Low 2 - Medium 3 - High Not given
Hill's area
Rural area
Mixed area
0 1 3 SYNTHESIS
STEP2 – PARTICIPATORY ANALYSIS
VALUE (%)
ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION 1 - Low 2 - Medium 3 - High Not given
1.Etruscan Necropolis " La Banditccia" 2 47 51 0
2.Medieval City Centre 14 42 39 5
3.Historic villages isolated 7 59 34 0
4.Forested hills 24 29 44 3
5.Sea coast 46 22 24 8
6.Farm buildings of Agrarian Reform 39 23 34 4
EtruscanNecropolis
" LaBanditccia
"
MedievalCity Centre
Historicvillagesisolated
Forestedhills
Sea coast
Farmbuildings
of AgrarianReform
Other
% 28 20 17 14 8 7 6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
%
PREFERENCE VALUE (%)
PROJECT
IDENTIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL INVARIANTS
Interaction between High values from Multi-criteria analysis and from participatory analysis
PROJECT
IDENTIFICATION OF STRATEGIC AREAS OF INTERVENTION
Interaction between High values from Multi-criteria analysis and from participatory analysis And Low values from both.
PROJECT
GUIDE LINES AS SUPPORT FOR MUNICIPALITY’S DECISION MAKERS
PROJECT
SPECIFIC PROJECT EXAMPLE Hedgerow system in a rural area
WORK IN PROGRESS
Estimating the increase in suitability induced by design intervention
WORK IN PROGRESS
Estimating the increase in suitability induced by design intervention
IN COCNLUSION
we can say that, from the input thrown by the European Landscape Convention on the importance of including the population in the approach to the landscape, we are found into a very stimulating job, so much for us professionals, but for the population too. In fact, PEOPLE HAVE FELT MUCH MORE INVOLVED in all stages of transformation of its territory. We consider a strategic choice to include the population from the preliminary phase of the work, when we analyze the status quo, and not only in the ex-post evaluation of project proposals, because the first phase is one where you really decide how and where it will be invested funds and resources, and where or not they are provided transformations.
Thank you for the attention
Landscape Architect Michela Tolli
Sapienza University of Rome
COLLOQUE « CONCILIER EXPERTISE SCIENTIFIQUE ET PARTICIPATION : LE DÉFI POSÉ PAR LA CONVENTION EUROPÉENNE DU PAYSAGE », Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) 28 et 29 AVRIL 2014