Multi-Control Center

Dispatcher Training

Mikhail Nesterenko

2011 EMS Users Conference

Philadelphia, PA September 18-21, 2011

Outline

• Russian Power System

– Monitor Electric/Finist

– The System/System Operator

– Dispatcher Training Practices

• Muti-Site Training Example

– UDO South and Its Training Facilities

– Ice Storm

• Lessons and Challenges

Monitor Electric• founded in 2003, core team together since early 90-ies

HQ in Pyatigorsk, Russian Federation (RF)100+ employees

• target market – information systems for control centers in electric power industry

• lines of business: software development, sales and 24/7 supportproducts:

• SCADA/EMS system line OIC CK-2003, CK-2007installed in all RF System Operator control centers (CDO, IDO, RDO), all nuclear plants in RF, Federal Grid Company offices, some individual utilities and power plants in RF and abroad

• operator training simulator FINIST

• electronic Logbook HedgeHog-2the standard for operational record keeping in RF power companies

• On-line transportation for Market Management System events

FINIST• advanced operator training simulator

• power system model

– models transitional and long-term system dynamics (14 msecs integration step)

– continuously computes dynamics and loadflow on basis of it

– no theoretical limitations on size, computed 40,000 bus system in real-time

– sophisticated tools for adapting the model for specific power system

– CIM/GID from the ground up

• training

– role-based, with dedicated role workplaces

– multi-control control center support

– sophisticated scenario development and execution

• functionality

– ease of integration withindustry SCADA/EMS

– its own GUI

– model navigation processor

• installations: CDO/IDO/RDOs of the System Operator, United Dispatch Agency of Belarus, pilot in the US

UPS/IPS in Numbers• Unified Power System (UPS) of Russia

– 221 GW of generation capacity (PJM has 167 GW)/ 1,007 TWh annual production (2006)

– 278, 911 miles of transmission lines (1.7 times that of US)

• Integrated Power System (IPS) – 13 countries that operate synchronously with UPS: Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Kirgizia, Tajikistan, Lithuania, Latvia, Kyrgyzstan + Mongolia

• UPS/IPS

– Spans 8 time zones

– 335 GW installed capacity

– 1,139 TWh annual production (2004)

– DC interconnects with

• NORDEL (~ 2GW export)

• UCTE (~ 7 GW export)

• Former COMECON countries synchronized with UCTE (Northern Europe)

• Power system of Far East of Russiaoperates asynchronously

Specifics• long transmission lines

• remoteness and large size of power plans

• sparse tie-lines, low transmission line to generation capacity ratio

require

• extensive centralized control systems

– three-tiered frequency control,voltage control

– extensive centralized generation control

– large number of special protection schemes

• specialized operational techniques

– emphasis on reliability and safety

– flowgate monitoring is critical

• highly skilled operational personnel and close inter-personal cooperation

UPS System Operator

• System Operator – operational control on three tiers

– Central Dispatch Office (CDO) - roughly NERC with operational duties and responsibilities

– 7 Unified Dispatch Offices (UDO) – reliability coordinator

– 59 Regional Dispatch Offices (RDO) – balancing authority

UDO South

Multi-Center Training Sessions at SO

• regular multi-center training are mandated by SO

• training session types

– cooperation

– joint system management under non-emergency conditions

– emergency response

– competition

• center types

– hierarchical:

• UDO and its RDOs

• CDO and UDOs

– peer: between countries

• ex: Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia

Simulator Multi-Site Training Setup Example

examiner

instructor

Simulator server

SCADA/EMS

trainees

traineestrainees

SCADA/EMS

SCADA/EMS

site A site C

site B

phone communication

HSDA/GES

HSDA/GES

OPC

IPC

HSDA/GES/GDA

9

Outline

• Russian Power System

– Monitor Electric/Finist

– The System/System Operator

– Dispatcher Training Practices

• Muti-Site Training Example

– UDO South and Its Training Facilities

– Ice Storm

• Lessons and Challenges

UDO South

area of responsibility

• 116 powerlants, 18+ GW,

• 1120 substations (110-500 MW)

• 1448 powerlines (110-800 kV) 32,400+ miles

HQ – Pyatigorsk

RDOs

• Astrakhan

• Volgograd

• Dagestan

• Kuban

• Rostov

• Severokavkaz

Rostov

Kuban

Volgograd

Severokavkaz

Dagestan

Black sea

Caspian Sea

Georgia

The Ukraine

Kazakhstan

Astrakhan

Rostov Nuclear Power Plant

• generation capacity 2,000 MW (about 2/3 of Palo Verde

• two generation units (commissioned 2001, 2009)

– 1000 MW each

– voltage 24 kV

– Type VVER (PWR)

• two more generators planned

• the dispatch schedule is under direct supervision of CDO

• Rostov RDO – operational responsibilities

• one of the two major power generators inthe Rostov Region and in the South

Rostov RDO

Rostov NPP

Training Center of UDO South

• one of the first advanced training centers in SO

• created in May 2003

• used for training, certification, competitionfor UDO South as well as other SO controlcenters

– dispatch personnel

– substation/powerplant operators

– special protection scheme operators

• has several simulated control centers to conduct multi-control center training sessionson site as well distributed training sessions

Multi-Center Training Example• participants

– instructor : UDO South Dispatch Planning Director

– trainees

• senior dispatcher UDO South

• dispatcher UDO South

• shift supervisor Rostov NuclearPower Plant

• dispatcher Rostov RDO

• dispatcher Kuban RDO

• duty engineer Kuban 500 kV substation

• date: summer 2010

• location: UDO South Training Center

• configuration

Training Session: Ice Storm• type: emergency response

• planned time: 2 hours

• content: 5 consequent emergency situations. First two force the system to significantly deviate from scheduled state

• weather: -5 to -10°C (23 to 14°F), occasional snowstorms, winds up to25-30 m/sec (55-67 miles/hour) , icing conditions on powerlines

• simulation start time: 5pm (approaching evening peak demand)

• initial conditions: 50.00 Hz, AGCis under emergency maintenance (telecommunication channel failure) –dispatcher has to manually adjust interchanges

Situtation 3: Failed Breaker

Rostov NPP

Gorodskaya-2

Substation

RG 220 kV line

• Rostov NPP –Gorodskaya -2(RG) 220 kV power line trips out

• reclosing unsuccessful

Rostov NPP Switchyard

220 kV bus system

RG 220 kV line

own needs

power

supply

• Rostov NPP – Gorodskaya -2(RG) 220 kV power line trips out

• reclosing unsuccessful

• reason: breaker B-1 fails at Rostov substation due to ice buildup

• bus protection schemede-energizes bus system SSH-II

– endangers own needs of generator G-2

RG 220 kV line

G2 own

needs

Situation 3: Failed Breaker

bypass

bus

disconnect

SD12SSH-II

disconnect

LD12

• isolate failed B-1 breaker by opening LD12 and SD12 disconnects

• RG 220 kV line connection to the bypass bus and energize it byclosing OB-4 breaker

• move other connections from SSH-II to SSH-I by manipulatingdisconnects and breakers

RG 220 kV line

G2 own

needs

Situation 3: Emergency Response Plan

bypass

bus

disconnect

SD12SSH-II

disconnect

LD12

Dispatcher Roles in Sit. 3

Rostov NPPShift Super.

RDO Rostov Dispatcher

UDO SouthDispatcher

CDODispatcher

stays informed of the situation

evaluates situation, oversees corrective actions, consults on planning

evaluates situation, plans corrective actions, gives directives

detects problem, informs dispatchers, follows dispatcher directives

• using SCADA determine RG200 and SSH-II tripped, confirm with RDO• analyze system safety, report to CDO

• receive report from RDO on cause ...• consult with RDO on topology changes

…

Dispatcher Communication Sample in Sit. 3

Rostov NPPSift Supervisor

RDO Rostov Dispatcher

UDO SouthDispatcher

• determine SSH-II tripping, report to RDO, check own needs of G-2

•visually check and determine cause (failed breaker B-2)•report cause to RDO

• prepare for bus topology changes

• receive directives from RDO, execute, report

…

• using SCADA determine RG200 and SSH-II tripped, confirm with NPP• analyze and check voltage violations• receive report on cause from NPP• report on cause to UDO

…• consult UDO on topology changes• issue step by step topology directives to NPP, confirm after each step…

Outline

• Russian Power System

– Monitor Electric/Finist

– The System/System Operator

– Dispatcher Training Practices

• Muti-Site Training Example

– UDO South and Its Training Facilities

– Ice Storm

• Lessons and Challenges

Multi-Center Training: Lessons and Challenges• advantages compared to single site

– significantly greater realism:no visual feedback – only SCADA/EMS and phone communication

– distributed training sessions are not as disruptive to work schedule

• instructor cannot keep up with controlling and evaluating multiple trainees operating at once

– split roles: instructor/examiner

– automate examiner’s functions: separate workplace

– examiner at every site

• difficult to engage lower level operators (substations, powerplants) – need to incorporate switching simulator

• model too complex for instructor

– hard to understand – two many levels for dispatcher at any level to be familiar with –need to hide complexity

– hard to control – upper levels rely on lower-level human operators for details – need to replace with sophisticated scenarios

• realism is not always good: realistic powerplant pickup takes hours; acceleration throws protection systems and generator controls off track:need to balance realism with usability

• performance: at some size the model is too large for modern computers: can we do distributed simulation?