mullipet-arni tk., 63231610th english fully guide - by n.elangovan minimum level study material 2014...

1

10th English Fully Guide - By N.ELANGOVAN

MULLIPET-ARNI Tk., 632316

https://edu.newsbundles.com


2


MINIMUM LEVEL STUDY MATERIAL 2014 - 2015

Standard X ENGLISH I PAPER

MARKS: 100 TIME: 2.30 HRS.

SECTION - I (VOCABULARY 20)

PART - I

1) Synonyms 5 marks

2) Antonyms 5 marks

PART II (any 10)10 x 1 = 10

3) Abbreviations

4) Homophones

5) American English

6) Compound Words

7) Giving Plurals

8) Prefix & Suffix

9) Phrasal Verbs

10) Syllabification

11) Identify the correct word

12) Make sentence

13) Noun \ Verb forms

14) Find out sentence that conveys the correct meaning

Section II (Grammar) 10 x 1 = 10

15. If clause - fill up

16. Sentence Pattern

17. Question tag

18. Degrees of comparison

19. Find the sentence that conveys the same meaning

20. Supplying suitable phrase

21. Infinitive or Gerund

22. Prepositional phrase

23. Articles

24. Preposition

PART – II 5 x 2 = 10

Transformation

25. Combine the sentences

26. Active Voice, Passive voice

27. Direct & Indirect speech

28. Combining Sentences using „if

29. Degrees of Comparison

30. Punctuation



3


PART - III 1 x 5 = 5

Section III (Prose 15 Marks)

Part I (31 to 37) Book Questions (5\7)5 x 2 = 10

Part II 38 (any one) Paragraph (1\3)1 x 5 = 5

Section IV (Poetry: 20 Marks)

Part I 39 (any one) Memory Poem (1\2)1 x 5 = 5

Part II (40 to 43) Poem comprehension 5 x 1 = 5

Part III (44 to 48) Appreciation Question 5 x 1 = 5

Part IV 49 (any one) Paragraph (1\3)1 x 5 = 5

Section V (Language Functions: 20 Marks)

50. Comprehension 5 x 2 = 10

51. Error Spotting 5 x 1 = 5

52. Picture Comprehension 5 x 1 = 5



4


QUN. 1. SYNONYMS

UNIT – 1

Accomplishment = achievement, ability, skill

Popular = famous, well known

Forlorn = forsaken, lonely

Rare = uncommon

Piteous = sad, sorrow

UNIT – 2

Mastered = learnt

Capture = arrested

Profound = deep, intense feeling

Irreverent = not respectable

Figure out = make out, calculate, understand

UNIT – 3

Earnestness = seriousness

Reverent = respectful

Invidious = unjust

Exacting = challenging, demanding

Unsophisticated = simple, natural

UNIT - 4

Soaring = rising, increasing

Jostled = qurelled

Panic = fear

Pursuit = chase

Triumphantly = victoriously

UNIT - 5

Diligence = steady effort, hard work

Brutality = cruelty

Denied = refused

UNIT - 6

Fascinating = interesting

Disappears = vanishes

Seldom = rarely

UNIT - 7

Renovated = repaired

Staunch = steadfast

Eradicate = wipe out

Marvel = wonder

PUBLIC EXAMN.

Brutality = Cruelty

Sufficient = adequate, enough

Dimensioning = decreasing

Constantly = contionuary

Compaired = canvassed



5


QUN., 2. ANTONYMS

UNIT – 1

Piteous X joyous

Rare X common

Captured X released

Honour X dishonor

Popular X unpopular

UNIT – 2

Irreverent X reverent, respectful

Ancient X modern

Fortunate X unfortunate

Miserable X joyful, happy

Remember X Forget

UNIT – 3

Indispensable X dispensable, avoidable

Privileged X deprived

Certain X uncertain, indefinite

Invidious X just, fair

Essential X unimportant UNIT –

Panic X calm, brave

Dirty X Clean

Rumour X fact

Narrow X wide, broad

Worse X better

UNIT - 5

Tragedy X comedy

Harsh X gentle

Brutality X humanity, humanness, kindness

Invisible X visible

Positive X negative UNIT - 6.

Several X few

Fascinating X boring

Seldom X often

Brave X timid

Dead X Alive

UNIT - 7

Glory X Shame

Immense X small, less

Respect X Disrespect

Divine X Mortal

Difference X Similarity



6


QUN. NO 3. ABBRIVATION

IN EXAM.

1. Which of the following is the right expansion of RRB?

a) Rail and Reservation Board

b) Record and Revenue Bank

c) Railway Recruitment Board

d) Roadways and railways Bureau.

CCTV - Closed Circuit Television

RRB - Railway Recruitment Board

RAM - Random Access Memory

ISRO - Indian Space Research Organisation

BPO - Business Process Outsourcing

TANSI - Tamilnadu Small Scale Industries

CAT - Common aptitude Test

ILO - International Labour Organisation

PS - Post Script, Personal secretary

SBI - State Bank of India

AIR - All India Radio

LAN - Local Area Network

TAFE - Tractor and Farm Equipment

PA - Personal Assistant

ROM - Read Only Memory

UFO - Unidentified Flying Object

CA - Chartered Accountant

UAE - United Arab Emirates

NGO - Non Governmental Organisation

SSC - Staff Selection commission

SAT - Science Aptitude Test

TRB - Teacher Recruitment Board

TET -- Teacher Eligibility Test

SSLC - Secondary School Leaving Certificate

PA - Personal Assistant

B-Tech - Bachelor of Technology

WHO - World Health Organisation

KPO - Knowledge Process out sourcing

IAS - Indian Administrative Test

PIN - Postal Index Number

RBI - Reserve Bank of India

TAFB - Tractor and Farm Equipment

.



7


QUN. NO 4. HOMOPHONES

IN EXAM.

1. A) We can’t hear your voice.

b) We can’t hear your voice. Ans.: hear

2. a) We will set sail for Japan next week.

b) We will set sail for Japan next week. Ans.: sail

1 Hair Ko Hare Kaš

2 Know bjçÍ« No Ïšiy

3 Hear nfŸ Here Ï§nf

4 Our v§fSila Hour Kâ

5 Buy th§F By Mš

6 Sail gaz« brŒ Sale é‰WéL

7 Meet rªÂ¥ò Meat Ïiw¢Á

8 Some Áy Sum TLjš

9 Price éiy Prize gçR

10 See gh® Sea Flš

11 Prey Ïiu Pray Ïiwtz¡f«

12 Desert ghiytd« Dessert ghahr«

13 Principal Kjšt® Principle bfhŸif

14 Quiet mikÂ Quite Kgik

15 Week thu« Weak gyäHªj

1. We will set sail for Japan next week. (Sale \ sail)

2. We can‟t hear your voice. (Hear \ here)

3. Do you know the answer? No, I don‟t (no \ know)

4. Rama wants to buy a flat by selling his house. (Buy \ by)

5. The colour of your hair is the same as that of the hare. (hare \ hair)

6. Our day on earth is measured by the hour (hour \ our)

7. Children crept in through a hole in the wall (whole \ whole)

8. None of them finished the work (none \ nun)

9. We shall meet tomorrow (meet/meat)

10. I saw some boys playing (some/sum)

11. The Price is RS.50 (price/ prize)

12. Everyone must see the (see/sea)

13. Gold is measured by (carrot/ carrot)



8


QUN. NO 5. AMERICAN ENGLISH

IN EXAM.

1. Children like Jam. Ans. Jam - jelly

2. If you take the lift to the tenth floor you will find the office

Ans. : lift – elevator /escalator

3. Throw the waste in to the dustbin Ans.: Dustbin – garbage can /trash can

4. My father bought me a torch light Ans.: torch light – flashlight

5. Sarala wants to collect the paper cutting. Ans. Cutting - clipping

BRITISH AMERICAN BRITISH AMERICAN

Lift = Elevator centre = center

Tap = faucet Realise = Realize

Jam = jelly Corn = Grain

Dustbin = trash can /

garbage can

Queue = Line

Postbox = mailbox Tyre = Tire

Fellow = guy Flat = apartment

Biscuits = Cookies Boot = Trunk

Jug = Pitcher Bonnet = Hood

Washbasin = sink Blind = window shade

Trumpet = horn Fire brigade = Fire department

Chips = French fries Autumn = Fall

Cot = Crib Cupboard = Closet

Goods train = Freight train Film = Movie

Storm = Tempest Foot ball = Soccer

Bricks = tin roof Lorry = Truck

Shop assistant = Sales clerk Taxi = Cab

Interval = intermission Sweet = Candy

Stable = barn Underground = subway

Torch = Flashlight Holiday = vacation

Zed = Zee Luggage = Baggage



9


QUN. NO 6. COMPOUND WORDS

IN EXAM..,

1) Which of the words given below can be placed after the word moon to

form a compound word?

a) bed b) light c) hood d) port An: moon

light

2) Child ----------- a) ship b) hood c) law d) game An: Child hood

3) Break --------- a) car b) fast c) house d) stone An: Break fast

4) Sea-------- a) toll b) roar c) thunder d) food An: Sea food

5) Gazing-------- a) goat b) star c) boy d) land An: Star gazing

WORD + WORD = COMPOUND WORD

Car + park = Car park

Air + port = Airport

Hand + written = Handwritten

Over + load = Overload

Child + hood = Childhood

Safe + guard = Safeguard

Moon + light = Moonlight

River + bed = Riverbed

Type + write = Typewrite

Land + mark = Landmark

Break + fast = Breakfast

Sea + food = Seafood

Starlight = Starlight

Fast + food = Fast food

Day + break = Daybreak

Out + sourcing = Outsourcing

White + wash = Whitewash

Walking + stick = Walking stick

Gentle + man = Gentleman Head + master = Headmaster



10


QUN. NO 7.

PLURALS

IN EXAM.

1. What is the plural form of focus? a) focuses b) focus c) foci Ans.: foci

2. What is the plural form of locus? a) locuses b) loci c) locae Ans.: loci

3. What is the plural form of medium? A) mediums b) media c) mediae

Ans. : media

Tips Singular Plural

Singular Plural Trousers trousers

is es Sheep sheep

um a Scissors Scissors

a ae Fungus fungi

us i Syllabus syllabi

oo ee Alumnus alumni

ix ices Focus foci

Singular Plural Criterion Criteria

Formula formulae

alumna alumnae

medium media

eratum erata

analysis analyses

axis axes

crisis crises

cupful cupfuls

Sister-in-law Sisters-in-law

matrix matrices

vertex vertices

index indices

goose geese

tooth teeth

foot feet

ox oxen

mouse mice

man men

child children

furniture Furniture

deer deer

scenery scenery



11


QUN., NO 8. PREFIXAND SUFFIXES

IN EXAM.,

1. The artists are the ones who might be able to help us with our internal visible lives.

a) in b) dis c) im d) il Ans. : invisible

2. She was taken for his mother

a) un b) en c) mis d) dis Ans.: mistaken

3. Even a small help is an act of kind

a) –ness b) -our c) –ship d) -ment Ans.: kindness

PREFIX SUFFIXES

Mistaken Colourful

Invisible Brightness

Illegal Dangerous

Disobey Narrate(e)ion

Ultraviolet Performance

Multinational Craftsmanship

Unclear Metallic

Unquenchable Secretive

Unfair enorm(ous)ity

Ignoble Needful

Co-operate Announcement

Indirect Dangerous

Irreverent Quenchable

Nonsense Fearsome

Empower National

Interlock Exceptional

Hyperactive Director

Overlap Visibility

Transform Examination

Substandard Peaceful

Impossible Imagination



12


QUN. NO 9. PHRASAL VERBS

IN EXAM.,

1. I can‟t tolerate your laziness. ( April-2012)

a) Put off b) put forward c) put up with d) put out Ans: put up with

2. I will search the dictionary for the meaning of this word.

a) look upon b) look up to c) look up d) look at Ans: look up

3. Students should know to have a friendly relationship with their class.

a) getup b) get back c) get on d) get into Ans: get on

MEANING IN ENGLISH PHRASAL VERB IN TAMIL

Search Look up

Tolerate Put up with

Friendly/relationship Get on

Discard Throw out

Stop/Abandon Give up

Yield Give in

Postponed Put off

Continue to resist Stand out

Return Get back

Keep away Stand off

Support Back up

Understand Make out

Die Pass away

Wear Put on

Start a journey Set off / set out

Visit Call on

Wait Hold on

Write Take down

Extinguish Put out

Examine Looked into

Resemble Take after

Take care of Look after

Recover Get over

cancel Call off

pass Get throw

Managed Dealt with

Enter by force Break into

continue Keep on

admire Look up to



13


QUN. NO 10. SYLLABIFICATION

IN EXAM,,

Separate the syllables of any on the following

1. a) Permanent b) Properly c) Music

2. a) agriculture b) monument c) duties

3. a) agriculture b) queen c) guitarist

ANS: 1. a) Per-man-ent 3 b) Prop – er- ly 3 c) mu-sic 2

2. a) Ag-ri-cul-ture 4 b) mo-nu-ment 3 c) du-ties 2

3. a) Ag-ri-cul-ture 4 b) queue 1 c) guit – a- rist 3

Words Syllabification No of syllables

Monument Mo-nu-ment 3 syllables

Duties Du-ties 2 syllables

Permanent Per – ma- nent 3 syllables

Properly Pro- per –ly 3 syllables

Music Mu – sic 2 syllables

Queue Queue 1 syllables

Guitarist gui – ta- rist 3 syllables

Entertainment En- ter- tain – ment 4 syllables

Internal In –ter -nal 3 syllables

Profile Pro- file 2 syllables

About a-bout 2 syllables

Beautiful beau –ti -ful 3 syllables

Astronomy As – tro – no –my 4 syllables

Extravaganza Ex-tra-va – gan – za 5 syllables

People Peo – ple 2 syllables

Barely Bare-ly 2syllables

fanatic Fa-na-tic 3 syllables

philharmonic Phil –har-mo –nic 4 syllables

prisoners Pri –so- ners 3 syllables

Glum Glum 1syllables

Application Ap –pli –ca- tin 4 syllables

observable Ob- ser- va –ble 4syllables



14


Q.NO.11 CHOOSING APPROPRIATE WORD

IN EXAM.

1. Raja will …………… a letter next week

a) receive b) get Ans: receive

2. He likes to ................ his favourite

a) see b) watch Ans: watch

3. They ……………clean drinking water.

a) prepare b) provide Ans: provide

4. He will …………… a letter next week

a) receive b) get Ans.: receive

1. He likes to …………. his favourite TV serial. a) see b) watch Ans. : watch

2. Raja will ………. a letter next week a)get b)receive Ans. : receive

3. Cherrapunji …………… from water shortage because the people waste rain water.

a)save b)waste Ans. : Waste

4. During the Holi festival, my cousin ……………… the colour powder on me.

a) shriek b)spattered) Ans. : spattered

5. Kannan has ……………………… his home work a)fulfilled b)completed

Ans : completed

6. As the car passed, it ……………… the rain water. a) shook b)spattered

Ans.: spattered

7. They ………… clean drinking water for the party. a) prepare b) provide

Ans.: provide

8. People ……………………………………the monsoon. a) welcome b)envy

Ans.: welcome



15


Q.NO.12 SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION

IN EXAM.,

1. a) angry b) anger c) angrily

2. a) earnest b)earnestly c) earnestness

3. a) migrating b) migrant c) migration

ANS.:

1) a) He is very angry b) He is a man of anger. C) He

angrily scolded his son.

2) a) He took earnest effort to pass the exam. b) He

studied earnestly to pass the exam.

3) a) Migrating birds came to vedanthangal every year.

b) Migrant birds are brave little voyagers.

c) Migration is a habit of some birds.

1) (a) Earnest- His request for leave is earnest

(b) Earnestly - He did his work earnestly

(c) Earnestness - He should work with earnestness.

2) (a) angry - He is angry.

(b) anger - Anger is a vice.

(c) angrily - He shouted angrily

3) a) Kind - He is a kind man.

(b) Kindly - Kindly, grant me leave today.

(c) Kindness-Kindness is a virtue.

4) (a) life-My life is a blessing.

(b) live-I live in Chennai.

(c) lively-The picture is lively.

5) (a) popular-Cricket is a popular game.

(b) Popularly-Gandhiji is popularly known as Mahatma.

(c) Popularity-He likes popularity

QUN. NO 13. REFRAME SENTENCE

IN EXAM.,1. The Construction of this building has been done well. Ans. The constructed

the building very well.

2. The teacher gave a definition of the formula through an illustration. Ans. The teacher

defined a formula through an illustration.

3. Be courageous to stand up for truth (underline word as noun)

Ans. Having courage, you should stand up for the truth.



16


NOUN VERB

1 The construction of this building has been done

well

He constructed building very well

2 The teacher gave a definition of the formula The teacher defined a formula

3 The teacher gave a description of human nature The teacher described the human nature.

4 The farmers started the cultivation of kuruvai crop The farmers cultivated the kuruvai crop

5 This construction was done by Ramu. Ramu Constructed this building.

6 He was doubtful about his uncle’s arrival He doubted his uncle’s arrival.

7 Rahim does the calculation within seconds. Rajim calculates within seconds.

8 He sent his application for approval. The officer approved his application.

9 The performance of the magician is wonderful The magician performed wonderfully.

10 The Inspector set an identification parade. The Inspector indentified the culprit.

QUN. NO.14 SENTENCE RECOGNITION

(1) Which of the two sentences given below conveys the following meaning:

1)They did not succeed in any other subject

(a) These are the only students successful in the Mathematics test

(b) These are the students successful only in the Mathematics test. Ans (b)

2) Majority of the students passed their Maths paper.

(a) Very few students failed their Maths paper.

(b) Very few students passed in their Maths paper. Ans (a)

3) He never listens to me.

(a) He hardly listens to me.

(b) He seldom listens to me. Ans: (c)

4) He did not win in any other contest.

(a) He has won only in this contest.

(b) He is the only one to win this contest. Ans: (a)

5)Shakespeare knew neither Latin nor Greek

(a) Shakespeare did not know Latin. He did not know Greek.

(b) Shakespeare Knew both latin and Greek. Ans: (a)

6)Anyone can easily learn English.

(a) No one can easily learn English.



17


(b) Everyone can easily learn English. Ans: (b)

7) Prakash never comes to school on time.

(a) Prakash usually comes to school on time.

(b) Prakash always comes late to School. Ans: (b)

8) We will always remember those happy days.

(a) Will we forever remember those happy days?

(b) Will we ever forget those happy days? Ans: (b)

SECTION II (GRAMMAR: 25 MARKS) Part – I

Question No .15 IF CLAUSE

Type Conditional ( If) clause Main clause

Type -I Simple Present

Is/are/ verb+s

Ex., If you work hard

Will/ can + Present verb

You will pass/ You can passs

Type-II Post

ed- was/were

If you worked hard

If were a bird

Would/could +present verb

You would pass

You could fly

Type III Past perfect

had+pp

If you had worked hard

Would have/could have+PP

Would have passed

You could have passed

IN EXAM.,

1. If Naveen is late ………………………

a) he would be punished b) he will be punished c) he would have been punished

Ans.: b) he will be punished

2. If the driver had been alert ……………

a) the accident can be avoided b) the accident could be avoided c)the accident could have been

avoided

Ans .: c) the accident could have been avoided

3. If had worked hard …………...

a) I would succeed b) I would have succeed c) I will succeed.

Ans.: b) I would have succeed

1. If Naveen is late_________________



18


(a) He would be punished (b) He will be punished (c) He would have been punished

Ans: He will b e punished

2. If you called me ____________

(a) I would have come (b) I would come (c) I will come

Ans: (b) I would come

3) If the driver had been alert _______________

a) The accident can be avoided (b) The accident could be avoided (c) The accident could

have been avoided

Ans: (c) The accident could have been avoided

4) If he were patient _________________

(a) He would have won the argument (b) He will win the argument (c) He would win the

argument.

Ans: (c) He would win the argument.

QUN NO., 16 SENTENCE PATTERN

Subject (s) (vGthŒ) - ahu;? vJ? (nra;jJ)

Verb (V) ( gadpiy) -- vd;d? (nray;) Object (O) (nragLnghUs;) -- ahiu? vij? Indirect Object (IO) -- ahUf;F? (me, us him, her, them)

Direct object (DO) -- vij? (nghUs;) Complement (C) -- Explains subject or Object.

– it Complement Sentence

Adverbial or Adjunct(A) -- vg;gb? vq;Nf? vg;nghOJ? (my;yJ Preposition – at , on, in ,Ue;jhy;)

IN EXAM.,

1. Reading made him a complete man.

a) S V O C b) S V IO DO c) S V O A d) S V O Ans.: a) S V O C

2. He answered my question instantly

a) S V O C b) SVCA c) SV IO DO d) SVC Ans.: a) S V O C

3. She came early

a) SVC b) SVO c) SVA Ans: c) SVA

4. His father gave him his school bag

a) SVC b) SVOC c) SVIODO Ans: c) SVIODO

5. He is a doctor

a) SVO b) SVC c) SVA Ans: b) SVC



19


6. Reading made him a complete man

a) S V O C b) S V IO DO c) SVO Ans.: a) S V O C

7. He answered my question instantly

a) SVOA b) SVCA c) S V IO DO d) SVC Ans.: a) SVOA

8. Reading makes him a complete man

a) S V IO DO b) SVOA c) S V O C Ans.: c) S V O C

9. The day is very cold.

a) SVC b) SVO c) SVA d) S V O C Ans.: c) SVA

10. They have been painting

a) SV b) SVC c) SVO d) SVA Ans.: a) SV

QUN. NO. 17 QUESTION TAG

1. is / was / are / were / have / has / had te;jhy; mNjhL not (n‟t) Nrh;e;Js;sij Njh;T nra;. 2. Nfs;tpapy; not ,Ue;jhy; not ,y;yhj is, Was, are, ….. I Njh;T nra;. 3. Verb – y; s Nrh;e;jpU;ejhy; doesn‟t I Nju;T nra;f.

4. Verb – y; ed Nrh;e;jpU;ejhy; didn‟t I Nju;T nra;f.

5. Come, go, clean vd fl;lis thf;fpakhf tUk; NghJ will you? Njh;T nra;.

6. Let us vd;W njhlq;fpdhy; Shall we ? Nju;T nra;f.

Examples

1. It is raining. isn’t it?

2. It is not raining, is it?

3. Raju reads his book, doesn’t he?

4. Ramu can play football, can’t he?

5. Ravi can‟t play chess, can he?

6. Let‟s go for a film, shall we?

7. Lend me your book, can you?

8. He is playing cricket, isn’t he?

IN EXAM,

1. You should treat each other with respects,_________________?

a) Should your b) has it c) shouldn‟t you Ans. : c) shouldn’t you

2. Students should be allowed to use the library every day __________?

a) Should they b) isn‟t it c) shouldn‟t they Ans. : c) shouldn’t they

3. Plants give out oxygen during the day ____________?



20


a) do they ? b) don‟t‟ they? C) Won‟t they? Ans. : a) do they ?

4. You should treat each other with respect_________?

a) should you b) has it c) shouldn‟t you Ans. : c) shouldn’t you ?

5. The Sun sets in the west, ____________

a) does it b) isn‟t it d) doesn‟t it Ans. : d) doesn’t it ?

5. I‟m not late ___________?

a) are n‟t b) am”I c) have‟I Ans.: b) am’I ?

6. Shreya draws well, ________?

a) Won‟t she b) doesn‟t she c) do she Ans. b) doesn’t she ?

7. He hasn‟t completed the painting, ____________?

a) Has he b) hasn‟t it c) has it Ans. b) hasn’t it ?

8. The flag has four colors on _______?

a) `isn‟t b) hasn‟t it c) has it Ans.: b) hasn’t it ?

9. Our team will win the match, ______________?

a) Won‟t it b) will it c) isn‟t it Ans.: a)Won’t it ?

10. They were climbing the trees _____________ ?

a) Weren‟t they? b) aren‟t they? c) isn‟t they? Ans.: a)Weren’t they?

QUN., NO. 18 DEGREES OF COMPARISON

1. thf;fpak; No other / Very few – y; njhlq;fpdhy; as/so ….. as vd tUk; Positive degree –I Nju;T nra;f.

2. thf;fpaj;jpy; than te;jhy; more/…../…..er vd tUk; Comparative degree –I Njh;T nra;f

3. thf;fpaj;jpy; the te;jhy; most …../ ….. est vd tUk; Superlative degree – I Nju;T nra;f.

4. thf;fpaj;jpy; ---- f;Fg;gpd; plural ( s –y; KbAk; thu;j;ij ) te;jhy; than many / most other my;yJ one of the Nju;T nra;f. Positive Comparative Superlative

so ….. as er….than Est

No other er…than any other The….est

Very few er …..than many other One of the …..est



21


1. No other boy is _________ Babu.

a) most smart as b) more smarter as c) so smart as Ans.: c) so smart as

2. No other district in Tamil Nadu is ____________Tanjore.

a) so fertile as b) more fertile than c) most fertile as Ans.: a) so fertile as

3. Very few toy‟s in this shop are__________________ as this one

a) more expansive b) as expansive c) most expansive Ans.: b) as expansive

4. The cream cake is _______________the plain cake.

a) as expansive as b) not expansive than c) most expansive of Ans.: b) as expansive as

5. The man is ____________ than the boy.

a) as tall as b) tallest c) taller Ans.: c) taller

6. Very few cities in India are _____________Mumbai.

a) more populous as b) as populous as c) the most populous as Ans.: b) as populous as

7. No other boy in the class is ________ Krishna.

A most naughty as b) more naughty than c) as naughty as Ans.: c) as naughty as

8. This mango is _________ than mango.

a) as sweet b) sweeter c) sweetest Ans.. :b) sweeter

9. Chandra‟s handwriting is ___________( good ) than Soun.

a) good b) better c) best. Ans., :b) better

10. The Ganga is one of the ______________ rivers. a) as long as b) longer than c) longest Ans.: c) longest

19. Identify the correct sentence

Questions Answer

Seldom never/ rarely / not ….. Often

Hardly never

Usually often / regularly / always

Barely scarcely / not ……. Sufficient

1) No one can forget how Dhoni batted against Sri Lankans.

a) Every one cannot remember how Dhoni batted against Sri Lankans.

b) Every one can forget how Dhoni batted against the Sri Lankans.

c) Every one can remember how Dhoni batted against the Sri Lankans.

2) Can anyone be more patient that a mother?



22


a) No one can be more patient than a mother.

b) Any one can be more patient than a mother.

Ans.: No one can be more patient than a mother.

3) We shall remain ever grateful to you.

a) We shall never be grateful to you.

b) We shall always remain ungrateful to you.

c) We shall always be grateful to you.

Ans.: We shall always be grateful to you.

4) Nothing is impossible in life.

a) Everything is possible in life.

b) Something is impossible in life.

c) Nothing is possible in life.

Ans.: Every think is possible in life.

5) Can anyone forget October 2nd

.,

a) Every one can forget October 2nd

.,

b) Nobody can forget October 2nd

.,

c) Everyone should not remember October 2nd

.,

Ans.: Nobody can forger October 2nd

.,

6) Seldom do buses stop here.

a) Buses do not stop here.

b) Buses never stop here.

c) Buses do not stop here often.

Ans. : Buses never stop here.

7) It is easy to ask questions. But it is difficult to answer them.

a) Questions are easy

b) Answers are difficult.

c) Answers are more difficult than questions.

8) Meena hardly works.

a) Menna works hard.

b) Meena does not work at all.

Ans.: Meena does not work at all.



23


QUN. NO 20. Phrasal Preposition Meanings.

1. In spite of ,Ue;jNghJk;

2. By dint of Gydhf

3. In the Event of xU Ntis …. nra;jhy; 4. On behalf of rhh;gpy;

5. According to fUj;Jg;gb

6. Owing to Tpisthf

7. Because of fhuzj;jhy;

8. Due to fhuzkhf.

1) The Kabai Match Continued _____________ heavy rains.

a) in the event of b) in spite of c) because of Ans.: In spite of

2) ______ his hard work, Mani will pass.

a) In the event of b) In spite of c) On account of. Ans.: On account of

3) _____ the rain, the teams continued to play

a) In the event of b) In spite of c) on account of Ans.: In spite of

4) ___ the heavy rain. He train was delayed.

a) In the event of b) inspire of c) on account of Ans.: in the event of

5. ___ his sickness, he could not study well.

a) In the event of b) In spite of c) Because of Ans.: Because of

6) He resigned ___ his illness.

a) In the event of b) in spite of c) On account of Ans.: on account

7) ___ the book, I returned it to the library.

a) Having read b) having been reading c) having reading. Ans.: Having read.

8) ____ very cold, she was shivering.

a) In spite of b) Being c) In case of Ans. : Being.

QUN., NO 21. Choose the correct verb form

Infinitive -Gerund.

Like, dislike, hates, enjoy, about, on, ed. Nru;e;j verb te;jhy; Gerund

( ing Nru;e;jij ) Nju;T nra;f.



24


Agreed, decided, too, let te;jhy; Infinitive

(to Nru;e;jij ) Nju;T nra;f.

In Exam.,

1. Geetha agreed _____ me a Computer.

a) buy b)buying c) to buy Ans.: to buy

2. My son asked me _____ him a pen

a) buy b) buying c) to buy Ans.: to buy.

3. I enjoy ___ stories for children.

a) write b) to write c) writing Ans.: writing.

4. ____ is a good exercise

a) to walk b) walk c) walking Ans.: Walking.

5. Everybody wishes ___ lice

a) enjoying b) to enjoy c) enjoy Ans. : to enjoy

6. The speaker made the parents ___ the important of music.

a) realize b) to realize c) realizing Ans.: to realize.

7. My first duty is ___ my most sincere thanks.

a) tender b)to tender c)tendering Ans.: to tender.

8. I started ___ too, but for a different reason.

a) to be crying b) crying c) cry Ans.: crying.

9. The man was able ___ his friend by his clothes.

a) Indentify b) to indentify c) identifying Ans. To indentify

QUN.NO. 22. Choose correct phrase

1. Dr. kumar was susceptible ____

a) on flattery b) to flattery c) for flattery Ans.: to flattery

2. Fools are susceptible____

a) on flattery b) to flattery c) for flattery Ans.: to flattery

3. They won the match ____ well.

a) By playing b) through playing c) on playing Ans.: by playing.

4. He is found ____ with children.



25


a) For playing b) in playing co of playing Ans.: of playing.

5. Students are very keen___ to the grammar classes.

a) for listening b) on listening c) to listening Ans.: on listening.

6. The farmer were keen ___ the fields before the monsoon.

a) for harvesting b) on harvesting c) to harvesting Ans. : on harvesting.

7. The man got promotion ___ hard.

a) at working b) through working c) on working Ans.: on working.

8. The principal wanted to discuss ____ with the leader.

a) on the matter b) about the matter c) the matter. Ans.: the matter.

QUN., NO 23. Articles

* Dash – f;F gpwF vowels (a,e,i,o,u) sound te;jhy; an NghL.

* Dash – f;F gpwF consonant sound (nka; xyp) te;jhy; a NghL.

* Dash – f;F gpwF superlative (est) te;jhy; the NghL.

* rpwg;ghdtw;iw Fwpg;gpl the gad;gLj;jyhk; (Gfo; ngw;w Gj;jfq;fs;> kiyr;rpfuq;fs;> fly;fs;> MWfs;> ,lq;fs;> kjq;fs;. ,dq;fs;)

1. Every child jumps with joy at the sight off____ elephant.

a) a b) an c) the Ans.: an

2. I have brought you a collection off ____ award winning books of this year.

a) a b) an c) the Ans. the

3. I went to ____ air port to catch a flight to Mumbai

a) a b) an c) the Ans.: the

4. Siva gave a one rupee coin to the beggar.

a) a b) an c) the Ans.: a

5. Kumar is ___ an Indian.


6. Karthik is ______ famous percussionist. (Jun-13)


7. Kumar is _____ Indian. (Jun-14)




26


8. She has returned home for _____ moments rest. (Sep-12)


10. I tired out ______ experiment (Sep-14)


11. My uncle presented me ___ HMT watch on my birth day


QUN. NO., 24. Prepositions

NO Prepositions Example of sentences 1 IN ( cs;Ns) The ball is in the box

2. On (NkNy) The book is on the table

3. At (f;Fs;) Our head office is at Madurai

4. Up (NkNy) Balu went up the hill.

5. By (My;) This chair is made by our carpenter.

6. For (f;fhfh) This pencil is for my sister.

7. Along ( topahf) The boy walked along the railway track

8. Of (-f;fhd> cila) This is a school of fine arts.

9. Between (eLtpy;) The teacher is standing between Ramu and Somu.

10. In front of ( Kd;dhy;) He stands in front of me

1. They selected me for the job only ------- merit. (Mar-12)

a) On b) in c) along Ans.: on

2. The ladder is placed ------------ the wall.

a) on b) upon c) against (Mar-13)

3. My uncle will visit me ------- May.

a) at b) in c) on (Mar-14)

4.‟‟What ------------- amazing model‟‟ whispered Hughie. (Sep-13)

a) the b) an c) a

5. We are going ---------- a holiday next week.

a) in b) on c) for (Sep-12)

6. The florist -------- flowers to my office every day. (Jun-12)

a) delivered b)deliver c) delivers



27


7. We -------- Delhi last summer. (Jun-13)

a) visit b) visited c) will visit

8. The cat hid ----------- the door. (Jun-14)

a) over b) behind c) into

9. We could not get help …… anyone.(S-14)

a) from b) till c) in

Question No: 25.Make a single sentence.

1. The tired old woman was unable to go any further. She returned home. (Mar-12)

Ans.: The tired old woman was unable to go any further and she returned home.

2. The boy is very short. He cannot climb the tree. (Mar-13)

Ans.: The boy is too short to climb the tree.

3. Maran is very tired. He cannot finish the work. (and / and so/ so ) (Mar-14)

Ans.: Maran is too tired to finish the work.

4. She must weep. She will die. Ans.: She must weep or she will die.

5. The box is very heavy. I cannot lift it. (Jun-13, 12)

Ans.: The box is too heavy to life it.

6. I broke my ankle in a football match. I had to go to the hospital. (Jun-14)

Ans.: I broke my ankle in a football match and so I had to go to the hospital.

7. Radha heard about her victory. Radha was overjoyed. (Sep-12)

Ans.: When Radha heard about her victory, she was overjoyed.

8. Kumar is poor. He helps many persons. Ans.: Kumar is poor but he helps many persons. (Sep-13)

9. Shyam gave the right answer. He was very happy. (Sep-14)

Ans.: Shyam gave the right answer so he was very happy.

10. She is rich. She is humble. Ans.: She is rich but she is humble.

11. The man is poor. He is honest. Ans.: The man is poor but he is honest.



28


12. He reached Chennai. He visited his friend.

Ans : He reached Chennai and he visited his friend.

Question No: 26 ACTIVE VOICES AND PASSIVE VOICE

1. My uncle will visit me on my birthday. He will give me a watch. (Mar-12)

Ans.: I will be visited by my uncle on my birthday. I will be given a watch by him. /

I will be visited by my uncle on my birthday. A watch will be given by him to me.

2. The prizes were distributed to the winners by the chief guest and he was thanked by. (Mar-13)

Ans.: The chief guest distributed the prizes to the winners and they thanked him.

3. Children enjoy cartoon serials very much and they watch these programmers for a

long time.

Ans.: Cartoon serials are enjoyed very much by children and these programmers are

watched by them for a long time.

(Mar-14)

4. He was awarded a prize by the government. His mother congratulated him.

(Jun-14, 12)

Ans.: The government awarded him a prize. He was congratulated by his mother.

5. The man completed his work. His master paid him. (Jun-13)

Ans.: His work was completed by the man. He was paid by his master.

7. The gardener gathered flowers from the garden. (Sep-12)

Ans.: The flowers were gathered from the garden by the gardener.

8. The grandmother look after the children. They admire her very much. (Sep-13)

Ans.: The children were looked after by the grandmother.

9. He received a letter from his father! (S-14)

Ans.: A letter was received by him from his father.

10. He was awarded a prize by the Government.



29


Ans.: The Government awarded him a prize.

11. Santa Claus gave sweets to all the children. They thanked him.

Ans.: All the children were gave sweets by Santa Claus. He was thanked by.

12. The old man completed his work yesterday.

Ans.: His work was completed by the old man yesterday.

Question No: 27.DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

1. Mother asked me how I had written the test. Ans.: Mother asked me, “How did you write the test?” (Mar-12)

2. The Headmaster advised us to switch off the fans when we left the class. (Mar-13)

Ans.: The Headmaster said to us “Switch off the fans when you leave the class”.

3. The teacher asked me whether I was going to join the Medical course or the

Engineering course. (Mar-14)

Ans.: The teacher said to me, “Are you going to join the medical course or the Engineering

course.

4. Our Prime Minister said that he was determined to abolish poverty. (Jun-12)

Ans.: Our Prime Minister said, “I am determined to abolish poverty”.

5. The old man requested the students to help to cross the street. (Jun-13)

Ans.: The old man said to the students, “Please help to cross the street”.

6. The teacher instructed the students not to write on both sides of the paper. (Jun-14)

Ans.: The teacher ordered the students “Don’t write on the both sides of the paper.

7. The watchman asked him who he was and told him that he had not seen him earlier.

(Sep-12)

Ans.: The watchman said him, “Who are you?”And “I have not seen you earlier”.

8. Sundari said to Priya , “where are you going now ? “ (Sep-13)

Ans.: Sundari asked Priya where she was going then.

9. Gopi requested Suresh to lend him a Pen. (Sep-14)

Ans.: Gopi said to Suresh, “Lend me a pen”.

10. The teacher said to me, “Are you going to join the medical course or the Engineering

course.” Ans.: .The teacher asked me if I was going to join the medical course or the Engineering course.

11. The teacher said to the students, “You have done very well in the test”. Ans.: The teacher told the students that the students had done very well in the test.

12. “What a beautiful view it is! Said my friend”.



30


Ans.: My friend said that it was a very beautiful view.

Question No: 28. If Clause

1. It rains. I shall get wet. (Mar-12)

Ans.: If it rains, I shall get wet.

2. Sita studies well. She passes the examination. (Mar-13)

Ans.: If Sita studies well, She will pass the examination.

3. The bus breaks down. I won’t be able to attend the class. (Mar-14) Ans.: If the bus breaks down, I won’t /will not able to attend the class.

4. My key was missing. I found it. (Jun-12)

Ans.: If I found my key which was missing.

5. Ashok must work hard. Otherwise he will not secure high marks. (Jun-14) Ans.: If Ashok works hard, he will secure high marks.

6. You waste water. You suffer. (Sep-12)

Ans.: If you waste water, you will suffer.

7. Kalai did not have a cycle. She did not reach school early. (Sep-13) Ans.: If Kalai had a cycle, she would have reach school early.

8. She gets the tickets. She will go to Delhi. (Sep-14) Ans.: If she gets ticket, she will go to Delhi.

9. They did not hold the party. We did not attend it. Ans.: If they had held the party, we would have attend it.

10. The glass falls. The glass breaks.

Ans.: If the glass falls, it will break.

11. I won a lottery. I brought a car.

Ans.: If I won a lottery, I would bring a car.

Question No: 29. Anyone of the degrees of comparison.

1. a) Radhika is 5 feet tall. (Mar-12, 13)

b) Raj is 5.2 feet tall.

c) Sham is 6.5 feet tall.

d) Ashwin is 5.5 feet tall.

e) Thendral is 6 feet tall.

Ans.: Thendral is taller than Radhika 2. a) Terasa‟s weight is 60 kilograms.

. b) Jessy‟s weight is 48 kilograms.

c) Charles‟s weight is 62 kilograms.



31


d) Joys‟s weight is 39 kilograms

e) Joe‟s weight is 52 kilograms.

Ans:Charles’s weight is larger than Jessy’sweight.

3. a) Hari is 14 years old.

b) Prabu is 14 years old.

c) Anwar is 10 years old.

d) Suresh is 16 years old.

e) John is 12 years old.

Ans: Suresh is elder than Anwar. 5. a) Seema‟s ribbon is 15 cm long.

b) Neela‟s ribbon is 18 cm long.

c) Kamala‟s ribbon is 12 cm long.

d ) Vimala‟s ribbon is 20 cm long.

e) Sonia‟s ribbon is 15 cm long.

Ans: Vimala’s ribbon is longer than Kamala. (Mar-14) (Jun-13)

7. a)Tamil is easy to study.

b) Science is also easy to study.

c) Social is very easy to study.

d) English is not an is easy subject to study.

Ans: Social subject is easier than science subject. (Sep-13)

(or) Social subject is the easiest subject.

8. (a) Rina is 6 feet tall .

(b) Veena is 5 feet tall.

(c) Tina is 4.5 feet tal1.

(d) Aruna is 4 feet tall.

(e) Meena is 6.5 feet tall

Question No: 30. PUNCTUATE THE FOLLOWING.

1. nagaraj said to his father will you allow me to go on an excursion to kerala(Mar-12)

Ans.: Nagaraj said to his father, “Will you allow me to go on an excursion to Kerala?”

2. mother said to her son don’t play with fire Ans.: Mother said to her son, “Don‟t play with fire”. (Mar-13)

3. oh For this i get two thousand pounds (Mar-14)

Ans: “Oh! For this I get two thousand pounds”.

4. father said to his son don’t be worried Ans: Father said to his son, “Don‟t be worried?” (Jun-12)

5. have i been here for five hours (Jun-13)

Ans: “Have I been here for five hours?”



32


6. ill never see her again she thought (S-12)

Ans:” I’ll never see her again”, She thought.

7. what will he think of me said my friend Ans: “What will he think of me!” said my friend. (Sep-13)

8. rita shouted come and get me out'(Sep-14) Ans: Rita shouted “Come and Get me out”.

9. what is it that you like most i asked Ans: “What is it that you like most?” I asked.

SECTION III PROSE

UNIT - 1.

1. What was Hughie’s financial status?

Hughie‟s financial status was poor

.

2. What was the condition laid down by the Colonel to allow Hughie’s engagement to

Laura?

Hughie should earn ten thousand pounds.

3. Why was Hughie upset? Hughie was upset because he could not fulfill the Colonel‟s condition.

4. What made old man look a typical beggar? The old man‟s wizened body, wrinkled face and piteous expression made him look a typical

beggar.

5. Why is the model’s face his fortune? The model shows his face as a model for money

6. How many shillings make a pound? Twenty shillings make a pound.

7. Differentiate - Millionaire Model and Model Millionaire

Millionaire Model - A rich man who acted as a model. Model Millionaire - a rich man

who is a role-model for all.

8. Why did Hughie wish to apologies to the Baron? Hughie had mistaken Baron, for a beggar. Hence he wished to apologies to the Baron.



33


9. What was beggar’s true identity? The beggar was Baron Hausberg, one of the richest men in Europe.

UNIT - 2

1. What was the author’s choice of career? How was this against his parent’s wish?

Ans: The author‟s choice was music. But his parent‟s choices were doctor or a Scientist or

an engineer.

2. What is the significance of art? Ans: Art is an essential part of life. It gives meaning to our life.

3. How did Messiaen spend his time in prison? Ans: Messiaen spent his time in prison by writing a music composition.

4. What happened on sep 11, 2001? Ans: On Sep 11, 2001 terrorists attacked the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center.

5. What can artistes do to save the Planet? Ans: Artistes can bring wellness to the planet.

6. How music is different from astronomy? Ans: Astronomy is the study of external objects, but music is the study of internal objects.

UNIT - 3

1. What requires whole - hearted devotions?

Ans: Knowledge requires whole-hearted devotions.

2. What is your Primary duty towards yourself? Ans: Our primary duty towards ourselves is acquiring knowledge.

3. What is the two fold duty to be acquired by students?

Ans: Acquiring knowledge and acquiring a strong character.

4. What according to Gokhale are the two valuable qualities to be practiced by you as

students?

Ans: 1. Obedience to parents. 2.Reverence for teachers are the two valuable qualities to

be practised by us as students.

5. What is the Precious virtue obtained out of reverence to the teachers?

Ans : Discipline is the precious virtue obtained out of reverence to the teachers.

6. What is the habit acquired from school life? Ans: The habit of co-operation is acquired from school life.

7. What should be the student’s attitude towards the government?

Ans: The attitude of the students towards the government should be loyal acquiescence.



34


UNIT - 4

1. Why should Chaya hurry?

Ans: chaya should hurry to fetch water.

2. What is a metropolis? Ans: Metropolis is a large city.

3. What will be the future if the Himalayan glaciers become ice free?

Ans: Our future will be worse.

4. What can lead the world to violence? Ans: Lack of water can lead the world to violence.

5. What made chaya triumphantly smile? Ans: Chaya got water at last. So she smiled triumphantly.

6. What was the first meal of the day for Chaya’s children?

Ans: A piece of bread and a few spoonful of lentil stew.

UNIT - 5

1. Why is the world of domestic workers “invisible’?

Ans: The domestic workers are denied their due rights. So they are “invisible”.

2. How should employers with a change in attitude treat this domestic worker?

Ans: 1. They should treat them not as servants‟ but “ domestic workers”.

3. What are the causes for the increase in domestic workers?

Ans: The increasing number of infrastructure Projects and industries are displacing

Millions of people.

4. How can the Maharashtra Bill help the workers? Ans: The Maharashtra Bill will change the conditions of work and life of domestic workers.

5. How could you contribute to a better living for your domestic worker and his family? Ans: We must give him good food, salary and less work.

UNIT - 6

1. What do birds do every year during autumn and early winter?

Ans: Birds migrate during autumn and early winter.

2. Identify the reasons why birds migrate? Ans: Birds migrate to escape the bitter cold and for food.

3. Which is the smallest of all birds?



35


Ans: The Willow Warbler is the smallest of all.

4. How far away are the Himalayan from the Nilgiris?

Ans: The Himalayas is at a distance of 2400 k.m. from the Nilgiris.

5. Describe the manner in which birds make their long journey?

Ans: Migrating birds fly at moderate speed.

6. Can you suggest some reason as to why birds travel in flocks?

Ans: Birds travel in flocks to save themselves from enemies.

7. What are the dangers faced by the migrating birds?

Ans: 1. sometimes sudden storms arise.

2. Sometimes at night bright light attract and confuse the birds.

8. Describe how ringing is done. Ans: A metal or a plastic band is prepared with all details of the bird. It is placed on the leg

of migrating bird to find its direction of migration.

UNIT - 7

1. How old is the Brihadeeswarar Temple? Who built it?

Ans: Brihadeeswarar Temple is 1000 years old. King Raja Raja chola built it.

2. List out the specialties of Tanjore. Ans: 1. Tanjore was the old chola capital. 2. It is also famous for carnatic music, dance.

3. What were the Pallava and the Chola era famous for?

Ans: The Pallava and the Chola era were famous for monolithic statues.

4. What stands testimony tot the Chola’s opulence? Ans: The walled fortress inside stands testimony to the Chola‟s opulence and vision.

5. Who built the palace? By whom was it renovated?

Ans: The Nayaks built the palace. The Marathas renovated it.

6. What is the speciality of the Vimanam? Ans: The Vimanam is built up with stones without any modern machines. The topmost

stone weighs 80 tons.

7. What were the contributions of the Cholas towards art and culture?

Ans: 1. Construction of the Big Temple. 2. Patronage of arts and culture.

PARAGRAPH (PROSE)

1.The model Millionaires

Hughie was a handsome young man. He was poor. He had no job. He wanted to marry Laura.



36


Laura‟s father asked him to earn 10000 pounds for their engagement. So, he was upset.

Once he visited his friend Alan Trevor, a great artist. Trevor was painting a beggar model.

The beggar was very miserable. Actually, he was really a millionaire.

Hughie gave him a sovereign. After knowing that, Hughie felt sorry for his act. But the

millionaire sent a cheque for 10000 pounds as a reward for Hughie‟s kindness.

Kindness is repaid with kindness

2. Music – The hope Raiser

Art is an essential part of life. It is a part of human survival and human spirit. It gives

meaning to our life.

Twin Towers:

The Twin Towers of America were destroyed by terrorists. Nearly 3000 people

were killed. The whole city lost its function that day

American songs.

“We shall overcome”

“America the beautiful”

Recovery was done by Music.

Messiaen – Musician

Messiaen, a great musician was captured by Germans. He was imprisoned

in concentration camp, and faced many hardships. He wrote a music composition in Jail.

“Quartet for the end of time”

“Where there is music, there is hope”

3. A Golden Path

Success depends upon character. Knowledge and character are essential of in our life. A

person should get knowledge, he should also get good character.



37


Values of knowledge and character are similar. Both are important. So, we should give

importance to both character and knowledge.

The students have certain duties.

1) Duty of themselves:-

Acquiring knowledge and character is the two fold duty to be acquired by students.

2) Duty to fellow students:-

Students should help other students.

3) Duty to parents and teachers:-

A student should have obedient to parents, and also respect to teacher.

4) Duty to Government:-

A student should accept the government truly.

5) Duty to world:-

A student should help the people in need.

If character is lost, everything is lost

4. flying with the moon on their wings.

Birds Migration is a great mystery. They travel during autumn. They return during winter.

They are very punctual; in their seasonal journey.

Birds migrate in winter to escape from the cold and to find food. Some fly by day, some both

day and by night.

Migration involves hardships and dangers also. Sometimes they are confused by bright light.

In spite of hardships, the brave little voyagers continue their migration.

It is not only fine feathers make fine birds

5. Our Heritage - A timeless Marvel

The Brihadessvarar Temple is 1000 Years old. It was built by king Raja Raja Chola.

It stands as a symbol of our culture. The vimanam is built with stones and without mortar. The

topmost stone weighs 80 tons. It was lifted to that height without the help of modern machines.

This tower is unbeatable in its perfect geometry. There is a fort in the temple. It shows the

Chola‟s richness and vision.

The Large Lings and Nadhi show their generosity. Thus, It is a testimony forever



38


A thing of Beauty is joy forever

PARAGRAPH FOR SLOW LEARNERS

Prose - 1 The Model Millionaire:

•Hughie was a good looking young man with no job.

•He wanted to marry Laura.

•Her father asked him to earn ten thousand pounds.

•He could not full fill it.

•One day he met a beggar model and gave him a gold coin.

•But the beggar was a millionaire.

•He gave Hughie ten thousand pounds as reward.

2 Music - The Hope Raiser

Art is an essential part of life. It gives meaning of life Messines wrote music composition

in jail Terrorists destroyed Twin Towers of America. Nearly 3000 people died on September 11,

2001. In the same evening, the Americans sang. We shall overcome and America the Beautiful”.

Recovery was done by music. It is a great medicine for broken hearts. Thus art is a part of human

spirit.

2. A Golden Path

# Gokhale considers student hood days a very happy one.

# But they have some responsibilities.

# Success depends upon character.

# Character gives us energy.

# It should also raise the life of people.

# Students should obey their parents, respect their teachers and help the needy.

# Duties of students are

# Duty to himself

# Duty to fellow students

# Duty to parents and teachers

# Duty to government and



39


POME

APPRECIATION QUESTIONS

1. MANLINESS

1. What can be deceptive?

Appearance can be deceptive.

2. What is a Creak?

A narrow opening.

3. What is a geode?

Rock is a geode.

4. What is meant by dazzling sight?

Sight of dazzling Crystals.

5. What are the gems?

Noble people are the gems.

6. What is a beautiful heart?

Beautiful heart of a noble man.

2. THE PIANO

1. Whom does “I” refer to?

I refer to “The Poet”

2. What is the woman doing?

Woman is singing.

3. What is the woman doing?

The time is “dusk”.

4. Who is the child?

“The poet” is the child.

5. What is meant by “Vista”?

Vista means “View”

6. What is “appassionato”?

“Music “is Appassionato.



40


3. MANLINESS

1. Who are the two impostors?

Triumph and disaster are two impostors

2. What is meant by ' impostors‟?

Impostors mean “deceivers”.

3. What does 'triumph and disaster ' means?

Triumph and disaster - Success and failure.

4. What is meant by” Unforgiving minute?

“The Time that we waste” is unforgiving minute.

4. GOING FOR WATER

1. What was the Well?

The well was near the house.

2. What does “Pail” mean?

“Pail” means bucket.

3. How was the well?

The well was day.

4. What does “brook” means?

“Brook” means small stream.

5. Why did the children to to brook?

To bring water.

6. What is meant by “Barren bough”?

Boughs without leaves.

7. Who are “gnomes”?”

“Gnomes” are the children.

5. THE CRY OF THE CHILDREN

1. Who are “Weary”?

The children are weary.

2. Why are they “Weary”?

Because of hard work.

3. What does “Weary”?

Weary means Tired.

4. What do the children do all the day?



41


They work all the day.

5. Why do the children have dropping “eyelids”?

Because of hard work.

6. Where do they work?

They work is factories.

6. MIGRANT BIRD

1. What does “globe” mean?

Globe means “Earth”.

2. Who is the speaker of the poem?

I refer to Migrant Bird.

3. What does 'I” refer to?

I refer to Migrant Bird.

4. What do “Kin” mean?

Kin means relatives.

5. What is a “Vigil” gate?

It is a gate with Security

6. What is meant by “distant spills”?

“Distant Spills” means water bodies in the distant lands.

7. SHILPI

1. What does “Staccato” means?

Series of detached sounds.

2. What is meant by “Fickle”?

Fickle means changing.

3. What is cacophony?

Cacophony is irregular, Unpleasant sound.

4. What is a decade?

Decade means 10 years.

POETIC DEVICES

1. SIMILE: Direct comparison. (Neubahf xg;gpLtJ.)

Like, as Nghd;w thh;j;ijfs; tUk;

Ex., He is like a lion in the battle field.



42


2. METAPHOR: Indirect Comparison ( kiwKfkhf xg;gpLtJ)

Like, as thh;j;;ij ,d;wp tUtJ (xg;gplg;gLk; nghUl;fspy; xd;wpid kpifg;gLj;jp nrhy;Yjy;)

Example: He is a lion in battle.

3. PERSONIFICATION: Investing human qualities on non living thigs. (kdpjg; gz;Gfis capuw;w nghUl;fs; kPJ Vw;wpr; nrhy;tJ)

Example: The world is happy.

“kfpo;r;rp” - kdpjg; gz;G “cyfk;” – xapuw;w nghUs; kPJ Vw;wpr; nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwJ/ 4. APOSTROPHE: (Special form of personification Apostrophe is an address to non-living

things) (capuw;w nghUis capUs;s nghUshf epidj;J ciuahLatJ.)

Example: “O ye Wheels! Be silent for today.

5. OXYMORON: Oxymoron is the prediction of two words having opponent meanings.

1. True Lies (cz;ikahd ngha;fs;) 2. Harmonic cacophony (xOq;fhd ,iur;ry;)

6. ONOMATOPHIC WORDS: Sound of an object

Example: Tingling strings of piano

7. ASSONANCE: It is the repetition of the initial word (vowel sounds) in a single line.

Example: after they are

8. ANAPPHORA: It is the repetition of the same word in the consecutive lines (mLj;jLj;j thpfspy; xNu thh;j;ij kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; tUtJ) Example If you can dream

If you think

If you can meet

Poetic devices 1. A Geode can Split to reveal → Metaphor.

2. May seem plain as plain can be? → Simile.

3. The, what games would we see? → Metaphor

4. where an aching generosity? → Personification.

5. a newly discovered Treasure → Metaphor

1. Beautiful Inside



43


2. The Piano

Poetic devices

1. A child sitting under the Piano in the boom of the tingling strings → Onomatopoeia.

2. And hymns in the cosy parlor the tinkling piano our guide. → Onomatopoeia.

3. So, now it is vain for the singer to burst into clamour → Onomatopoeia

4. And hymns in the cosy pariour

And tinkling piano our guide. → Personification.

5. Down in the flood of rememebrane → Metaphors.

6. I weep like a child. → Simile.

3. Manliness

1. If you can dream… Poetic devices

If you can think…. → Anaphora

If you can meet….

2. If you can meet with triumph and disaster → Oxymoron.

3. And treat those two imposters just the same → Personification.

4. If you can fill the unforgiving minute. → Personification

5. To serve your turn long after they are gone → Assonance.

6. Yours is the earth and everything that‟s in it → Assonance.

4. Going for water

Poetic devices

1. We ran as if to meet the moon →Hyperbole.

2. We ran as if to meet the moon. →Simile.

3. Like gnomes that hid us from the moon. →Simile.

4. Like pearls, and now a Silver blade →Simile.

5. With laughter when she found us soon →Personification.

6. Like pearls, and now a silver blade →Metaphor.

7. A slender tinkling fall the made on other a staying hand →Onomatophic.

8. Each laid on other a staying hand →Assonance.

5.The cry of the children

1. The reddest flower would like as pale as snow. →Simile.

2. through the coal – dark underground. →Metaphor.

3. For, all day the wheels are droning, →Onomatopoeia.

4. Turns the sky in the high

Turns the long light. →Anaphora.

5. “O ye wheels”



44


Stop! Be silent for to-day! →Apostrophe (a special from of

Personification)

POETRY PARAGRAPH

1.BEAUTIFUL INSIDE

* The inner beauty is more important than the outer appearance. We cannot judge a person by

mere appearance.

* The proverb” appearances are deceptive” insists this. Generally, We see only the outer

appearance. We can‟t perceive the inner beauty.

* We can enjoy the inner beauty when it reveals. If we observe the simple personality. We

will find a lot of virtues in them. Thus virtues reveal inner beauty which is very valuable.

Don’t judge a book by its cover

2. The Piano

♪ The poet describes his child hood days in “Piano”.

♪ He hears a woman‟s song.

♪ It reminds him his mother‟s song

♪ As a child he was sitting Under the Piano, he was hearing the boom of the strings.

♪ He pressed his mother‟s feet. She smiled while singing her song.

♪ In Sunday evenings she sang hymns.

♪ His childhood days attract him.

♪ so, his manhood is kept away. He weeps for past.

The sweetest part of our life is childhood.

3. Manliness.



45


☼ Manliness has many qualities. We can have dreams. But we should not make them our

masters.

☼ We may have success and failure. We should treat them equally.

☼ Our heart and nerve may be weak. But we should make them serve our team.

☼ Then we should stand firm.

☼ Our will should be strong we should be patient at the time of injustice.

☼ Then the earth is ours.

4. Going for water

◎ The well was beside the house. It was dry. So, the children went to the brook to fetch water.

◎ They ran into the forest like the clouds to meet the moon.

◎ They enjoyed the sight of the moon.

◎ They bought were barren because of autumn season.

◎ They played Hide and seek” game with the moon.

◎ They heard the noise of the brook.

◎ When they reached the brook, they saw the water seemed like a silver blade when it fall.

Water – the elixir of life

PARAGRAPH FOR SLOW LEARNERS

Poem-2. Piano ♫The poet hears a woman‟s song.

♫It reminds him of his mother‟s song.

♫As a child he was sitting under the piano.

♫He heard the boom of strings.

♫In Sunday evenings, he and his mother sang hymns.

♫He remembered his joyful childhood days.

♫He weeps for the past.

Poem-3. Manliness ☺The poet speaks about the qualities of manliness.

☺Action is more important than dreams.

☺Success and defeat are impostors.



46


☺We should learn good lessons from that.

☺We should not give up.

☺Then only the world is ours.

SECTION V (Language Functions: 20 Marks)

Question No.50 (Comprehension)

Exercise – 1: (April-2012)

A patriot is a man who loves his country, works for it, and is willing to fight and die for

it. Every soldier is bound to do his duty, but the best soldiers do more than this. They risk

their lives because they love the country they are fighting for. They love its hills and valleys,

its cities and villages, its people and their way of life and they are willing to defend it to the

last against enemies who try to conquer it and destroy it.

Questions

a) „Risk‟ means…………. i) miss ii) lose iii) endanger iv) meet.

b) Who is a patriot?

c) What do the best soldiers do?

d) Why do they risk their lives?

e) What do they love?

Answer:

a) Endanger

b) A patriot is a man who loves his country, works for it, and willing to fight and die for it.

c) Every soldier is bound to do his duty, but the best soldiers do more than this.

d) They risk their lives because they love the country they are fighting for.

e) They love its hills and valleys, its cities and villages, its people and their way of life.

Exercise – 2: (Model-2012)

Discipline is the most essential virtue you should acquire when you are young. It is a

complex quality. It shapes your mind to religious, social and economic patterns when you

grow up to be an active citizen. At a young age, we do not realize the value of discipline, as

children, we merely long for unlimited freedom, without understanding the meaning of

discipline. An athlete disciplines himself and keeps himself fit. He refrains from smoking,

observes good food habits and keeps good health. Discipline increases the human energy and

implies control, resistance and adjustment. Our energy is saved and made vital for a good

output.

Questions

a) The word „essential‟ means………. (i) necessary (ii)important (iii)compulsory

b) How does discipline aid a citizen?

c) Why don‟t children want discipline?

d) Mention some ways in which an athlete maintains discipline.

e) How is discipline beneficial to human beings?

Answer:



47


a) Necessary

b) It shapes our mind to religious, social and economic patterns. This makes a man an active

citizen

c) Children don‟t understand the meaning of discipline. They merely long for unlimited

freedom.

d) An athlete disciplines himself and keeps himself fit. He refrains from smoking, observes

good food habits and keeps good health.

e) Discipline increases the human energy and implies control, resistance and adjustment.

Exercise – 3: (June-2012)

Our earth is the only planet with a variety of plants, animals and the microorganisms living

either in the aquatic or the terrestrial habitats. An environment with rich biological diversity is

the basis for human existence. The equilibrium status of living and non living factors in an

environment is known as balance in nature. It is disturbed at times due to natural calamities like

storm, flood, pests, outbreaks and fire. Rapid population growth, industrialization and

urbanization are the causes for deforestation exploiting fauna and flora against eco system.

Indian Parliament has passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1980 to preserve and protect our

natural wealth.

Questions:

a) How does the earth differ from the other planets?

b) What is the balance in nature?

c) Mention some natural calamities that disturb the balance in Nature

d) Which Act has been passed in our country to protect the forests and when?

e) The term flora means…….

i) the plants of a particular environment.

ii) the animals living in a particular area.

iii) the micro organisms in aquatic habitat

Answer:

a) Our earth is the only planet with a variety of plants, animals and the microorganisms living

either in the aquatic or the terrestrial habitats.

b) The equilibrium status of living and non living factors in an environment is known as

balance in nature.

c) Natural calamities like storm, flood, pests, outbreaks and fire disturb the balance in Nature

d)Wildlife Protection Act in 1980 to preserve and protect our natural wealth.

e) The plants of a particular environment.

QUN. NO 51 ERROR SPOTTING

RULES:

1. “est” thh;j;ijfSf;F Kd;dhy; “the” NghlTk;.

2. is te;jhy; are / are te;jhy; is vd khw;wTk;.

3. a te;jhy; an / an te;jhy; a vd khw;wTk.;

4. Than te;jhy; “to” NghlTk;.



48


5. Verb cld; “S” te;jhy; S ia ePf;F S ,y;iynadpy; “s” NghlTk;.

6. Since te;jhy; for NghlTk; for te;jhy; since NghlTk;.

7. “As” kw;Wk; “So” xNu sentence y; te;jhy; “So” ia ePf;Ff.

8. “Ing” njhlq;fpdhy; and, but ePf;fTk;. (A sentence begins with present participle that

should be a simple sentence.)

9. Though, Although, Even though te;jhy; still, but, yet ePf;F.

10. One of the, Each of the I njhlh;e;J tUk; thh;j;ijAld; “S” Nrh;f;f.

Exercise – 1: (April-2012)

a) Neither the Secretary nor the Manager were available.

b) Kala is tallest girl in the class.

c) He told to me a story.

d) Ramu is a honest man.

e) Though he is rich but he is unhappy.

Answer:

a) Neither the secretary nor the manager is/was available.

b) Kala is the tallest girl in the class.

c) He told me a story.

d) Ramu is an honest man. e) Though he is rich, he is unhappy / He is rich, but he is unhappy.


a) My uncle is richest man in the village.

b) Many people behaves rudely now-a-days.

c) A American lives near my house.

d) The dog fell along the river.

e) Each of the cycles are damaged.

Answers:

a) My uncle is the richest man in the village.

b) Many people behave rudely now-a-days.

c) An American lives near my house.

d) The dog fell into the river.

e) Each of the cycles is damaged.

Exercise – 3: (June -2012)

a) One of these cycle is defective

b) A kind teacher always makes us to learn better

c) I have great confidence on you.

d) Neither the secretary nor the manager were available.

e) My uncle is richest man in the village.

Answers:

a) One of these cycles is defective



49


b) A kind teacher always makes us learn better

c) I have great confidence in you.

d) Neither the secretary nor the manager was available.

e) My uncle is the richest man in the village.

Exercise -4: (October – 2012)

a) Time and Tide waits for no man.

b) The dog fell along the river.

c) A American lives near my house.

d) He left this place a hour ago.

e) Each of the cycles are damaged.

Answers:

a) Time and Tide wait for no man.

b) The dog fell into near river

c) An American lives near my house.

d) He left this place an hour ago.

e) Each of the cycles is damaged.

Exercise – 5: ( March – 2013)

a) The elephant is largest living animals.

b) Neither Senthil nor Sree are available.

c) Though he is ill, but he is present,

d) I prefer milk than tea.

e) Stephen drive as rash as Rafi.

Answer:

a) The elephant is the largest living animal.

b) Neither senthil nor Sree is available.

c) Though he is ill, he is present.

d) I prefer milk to tea.

e) Stephen drives as rash as Rafi.

Exercise – 6 (March 2014)

a) Neither the doctor nor the nurse are available.

b) The dog fell along the river.

c) Apples are not sweet as mangoes.

d) Helen is junior than me.

e) I have two brother-in-law.

Answer:

a) Neither the doctor nor the nurse is available

b) The dog fell into the river.

c) Apples are not so sweet as mangoes.

d) Helen is junior to me.

e) I have two brothers-in-law.

Exercise -7 (June 2013)

a) Do you know which is world‟s tallest building?

b) I place great confidence in you.



50


c) He is good athletes who performs well.

d) I am absent yesterday.

c) I cannot drive as fast as Rahul.

Answer:

a) Do you know which is the world‟s tallest building?

b) I place great confidence in you.

c) He is a good athlete, who performs well.

d) I was absent yesterday.

e) I can not driving as fast as Rahul.

Exercise -8 ( June 2014) a) He is one of the talkative boy in the class.

b). Very few students have scored high as Madan.

c) Kiran is so ill to go to school.

d) Remove the furnitures from here.

e) He is a honest man.

Answer: a) He is one of the talkative boys in the class.

b) Very few students have scored so high as Madhan.

c) Kiran is so ill as to go to school.

d) Remove the furniture from here.

e) He is an honest man.

Exercise-9 (Sep., 2013) a) I walked fast and I missed the bus.

b) He told me a story.

c) I have been living in this house. Since five years.

d) The deer runs fastly.

e) He arranged the furniture properly.

Answer:

a) I walked fast but I missed the bus.

b) He told me a story.

c) I have been living in this house for five years.

d) The deer runs fast.

e) He has arranged the furniture properly.

Exercise – 10 (Sep.,2014) a) Hema prefers coffee than tea.

b) one of the girl is tall.

c) Gopal is a M.A. in English.

d) Rajan went to a abroad.

e) Anand is senior than Govind.

Answer:

a) Hema prefers coffee to tea.



51


b) One of the girls in tall.

c) Gopal is an M.A. in English.

d) Rajan went to abroad.

e) Anand is Senior to Govind.

Qun., No., 52. Picture Comprehension: Exercise :1

Questions:

a) Where are the children?

b) What living creatures do you see in this picture?

c) Do you think this is a well-maintained garden? Give a reason for your answer.

d) What are the benefits of having a garden?

e) State True or False: This is not a natural picture of garden.

Answers:

a) The children are in the garden.

b) Squirrel, butterfly, birds, trees and plants.

c) Yes this is a well maintained garden, because it is fenced, flowering pots are arranged

properly and garden looks clean.

d) We get fresh air. It gives pleasure. We get beautiful flowers and fruits from the garden.

e) This is not a natural picture of garden – True.




52


Questions:

a) What do you see in the picture?

b) How many persons are on the bike?

c) Do you think a bike should carry more than two persons? Give a reason for your answer.

d) What would be the danger of riding triples on a bike?

e) What would you do if you saw your friend riding a bike in this manner?

Answers:

a) People are riding on a motorbike.

b) There are three persons on the motorbike.

c) No, It should not carry more than two persons, because it is designed only for two.

d) It may lead to accident.

e) I would advise him not to do so.



mullipet-arni tk., 63231610th english fully guide - by n.elangovan minimum level study material 2014...

Documents