mughal empire - copy

8/7/2019 MUGHAL EMPIRE - Copy

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MUGHAL EMPIRE


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MUGHAL EMPIRETHE MUGHALS WERE A MUSLIM DYNASTY THATLASTED FOR SEVEN GENERATIONS. THEY WEREDESCENDED FROM THE TURKIC CONQUEROR

TIMUR LENK AND THE MONGOL RULER GENGHISKHAN. THE EMPIRE WAS FOUNDED WHEN ARULER FROM TURKESTAN,BABER,RAIDEDINDIA,DEFEATED THE SULTAN OF DELHI IN 1526, AND EXPANDED ITS HOLDINGS. THE NEXTNOTABLE MUGHAL RULER PERHAPS THEGREATEST OF THE DYNASTY WAS BABERSGRANDSON AKBAR,WHO REIGNED FROM 1556TO 1605. HE MADE THE MUGHAL THRONE MORESECURE AND GREATLY EXPANDED THE EMPIRE.


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MUGHALEMPERORS


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BABURA descendant of the first Mongolconqueror, Genghis Khan, Baber wasborn on Feb. 15, 1483. His original namewas Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad. His prosememoirs, the Babur-nameh', weretranslated from Turki into Persian (1589)in Akbar's reign, and later into English(192122). (14831530). The first Mughal,or Mongol, emperor of India (152630)

and founder of the Dynasty there wasBaber. He also won distinction as amilitary commander, a gifted poet anddiarist, a statesman, and an adventurer.


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HUMAYUNEmperor Humayun was the secondMughal emperor who ruled India. Hewas named Nasiruddin Humayun and

was born on 6th March, 1508. He wasdeclared emperor in the year 1530 andascended the throne at the age of 22.Emperor Humayun lost the kingdom assoon as he gained it as he was

inexperienced in handling a largeempire. But with time and his efforts,he regained it back with some helpfrom the Persian forces.


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AKBA RAkbar was born in the province of Sindon Oct. 15, 1542. He was a descendant ofthe great Mongol conquerors, GenghisKhan and Timur Lenk. Akbar's father,Humayun, had a very weak hold on histhrone and was, in fact, driven from it fora period of more than ten years. Hereturned to power in 1555, only to die ayear later. It was left to the young Akbar

to consolidate the power of themonarchy and extend Mughal rule overIndia from his base in Punjab. This he didin a series of campaigns from 1561 to1601.


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JAHANGIRJahangirs full name is Nuruddin

Salim Jahangir. He was born on

september 20 1569 in Fatehpur

Sikri. He was the predecessor ofJalaluddin Muhammad Akbar and

his succesor was Shah Jahan.He had

three wives which were -

Manbhawati Bai,Princess Manmatiand Nur Jahan. His mother was Hira

Kunwari. He was died on November

8, 1627 (aged 58)


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SHAH JAHANShah Jahan was the third son of theemperor Jahangir and a grandson ofthe emperor Akbar. He was born inLahore on Jan 5 1592. In 1612, whenhis title was still Khurram, he marriedArjumand Banu Begum. In 1622 hestaged an unsuccessful rebellionagainst his father. He spent thefollowing three years traveling around

the kingdom waiting for his father toforgive him.. With support from hiswife's family, Shah Jahan proclaimedhimself emperor at Agra in February1628.


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AURANGZEBBorn on Nov. 3, 1618, Aurangzeb wasthe son of the emperor Shah Jahan .Hisgiven name was Muhi-ud-DinMuhammad. Early in life he showedmilitary and administrative abilities andwas given a number of troop commandsby his father. His father, meanwhile, wasconfined to the palace from 1658 until

his death in 1666. Aurangzeb died onMarch 3, 1707. The failure of hissuccessors to cope with the problemshe had created led to the downfall ofthe Mughal Empire

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