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NOR MARHAYU BT MOHD MAULAN

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Question (a).

Question Pupil answer estimation Calculation

Estimate the total of

472 360+93877+125 883

472000

94000+ 1250001537000

( mistake are made

when they arrange

the number in

wrong place value)

Round off the

numbers to thenearest thousand

472 00094 000

+ 126 000692 000

472 360

93 877+ 125 883692 120

The answer:

a) 692000

b) 692120

Pupils must understand the concept of place value very well before we do any calculation

involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

In this case, pupils can use rounding strategy. Children using the rounding strategy

would round 472 360 to 472 000 and 93 877 to 94 000 and 125 883 to 126 000 and

estimate the total between the numbers as 692 000.

Question Pupil answer Estimation calculation

Subtract 8 507 from

45 739 to the

nearest thousand.

45 000 ─ 8 000

37 000

( pupils makemistake when round

off the number

according their

place value)

Round off the

numbers to the

nearest thousand

46 000 ─ 9 000

37 000

45 739 ─ 8 507

37 232

The answer:a) 37 000

(To round numbers

to the nearest

thousand, make the

numbers whose last

three digits are 001

through 499 into thenext lower number

that ends in 000.)

For second question and third question, pupils can use the front-end strategy. The front-

end strategy focuses on the left-most or highest place-value digits. For example, for

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Topic : Fractions

Duration : 7:45a.m. ~ 8:45a.m.

Terminology : division, fraction, whole number, denominator, numerator,

improper fractions, dividend, reciprocals, standard written

method

Target audience : 6 Intelek

Learning Objectives : Pupils will be taught to:

4. Divide fractions with a whole number and a fraction

Learning Outcomes : By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

i) Divide fractions by a whole number

Prior knowledge’s : Pupils had learnt to convert mixed numbers to improper

fractions and multiplication of fractions.

Problem : Pupils do not know the concept of division of fractions.

Materials : diagrams, question cards and clean writing papers.

Procedure/

Allocation of Teaching & Learning Activities Remarks

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TimeSet induction

(5 minutes)

1. Teacher displays the slide with song’s lyric.

2. Pupils sing the song together.

3. Teacher introduces the lesson:

“Today, we are going to learn how to dividing

fractions by a whole number”

Teaching aids:

-laptop

-projector

Developments

Step 1

(10 minutes)

1. Teacher shows a diagram.

2. Teacher poses a question and pupils listen

carefully.

3. Teacher explains try –to-guess activity:

i) Mother prepares 1 piece of pizza

ii) The pizza divided into 9 small equal parts.

iii) How many ⅔ ÷ 6 = ?

iv) Use a diagram. ⅔ of the diagram is

dividend into 6 small equal parts.

Shade them. So, there are 9 parts

altogether now. Each small part now is

/ˡ 9 of the whole diagram.

v) So, ⅔ ÷ 6 = /ˡ 9.

4. Teacher expresses the activity above using a

number sentence.

⅔ ÷ 6 = /ˡ 9.

Teaching aids:

- Number

sentence cards

- diagram

Procedure/

Allocation of

Time

Teaching & Learning Activities Remarks

Step 2

(10 minutes) Teaching Aids:

4

divisor dividen quotien

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1. Teacher prepares 1 cake

like shows pictures

above:

Teacher asks the following questions:

i) How many is the cake?

ii) There is 1 cake. If ½ ÷ 2=?

2. Pupils interpret the number sentences above

and do the activity based on the questions.

3. Teacher show the calculation:

½ ÷ 2 = ½

2= ½ ½˟

= ¼

4. One of the pupils asked to arrange the

situation to form a complete number

sentence.

5. Teacher cut the cake into half. The half cake

put into the refrigerator. The left half of thecake cut into 2 parts. Then teacher compare

the part of cake with a whole another cake

with same size.

6. The answer is ¼ or one quarter.

- Number card

- Sign cards

- Laptop

- Projector

- 2 cakes

Procedure/

Allocation of

Time


Step3

(10 minutes)

1. Teacher shows other pictures:

2. Teacher introduces Roll-your-Cone Game to

the pupils.

Teaching aids:

- Pictures

- Small

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3. Teacher prepares 2 big-sized cone (as shown).

4. Teacher divides pupils into 2 groups; Group A

and Group B. Each group will be given a cone.

5. Group A will roll the cone first. The fraction

shown will be the “Divisor”. Then group B

will roll the other cone and the whole number

shown will be the “Dividend”

6. Both groups will find the quotient respectively.

7. The correct answer will be given 2 marks and

the incorrect answer will be given 0.

8. Teacher distributes worksheet and pupils

complete the worksheet individually.9. Teacher discusses the answer with pupils/

10. Pupils do corrections.

blackboard

Procedure/

Allocation of

Time


Step 4

(10 minutes)

1. Teacher divides the class into groups

with different number of pupils (not

more than four) for the competition.

2. Explain again the operation based on the

chart.

3. Teachers prepare a list of questions and

Teaching Aids:

-list of questions

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cut it out and placed it in a box.

4. One player from Team A draws a

question from the box and read the

question aloud.

5. The player write number sentences on

the board and does the calculation.

6. Answer is checked by other groups. If

the answer correct, the team scores 3

points and if the answer is incorrect, the

team loses 1 point.

7. Play rotates until all the questions in the

box are answered or the allotted timehas elapsed.

8. The winner is the team that has the

highest score at the end of the

competition.Closure

( 5 minutes)

1. Teacher distributes worksheets to

pupils. Pupils complete the task.

2. Teacher summarizes the whole

lesson.

Teaching Aids:

- Worksheet

- Laptop

- Projector

Question (c )

First we built “AM and PM” chart to explain about 24-Hour System in the class. One day

equals 24 hours. Each day is divided into two halves. From midnight until noon is called

AM. From noon until midnight is called PM.

Event or Time AM or PMSunrise AM

Morning AM

Wake up AM

Eat breakfast AM

Go to School AM

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Afternoon PM

Eat Dinner PM

Evening PM

Sunset PM

Go to Bed PM

Step 1

1. Explanation in the 24-hour system:

a) Time is stated in 4 digits with the word “hours” at the back.

b) The first 2 digits represent the hours and the last 2 digits represent the minutes.

e.g. :

22 50 hrs

c. The 24-hour system starts with 0000 hrs (12:00 midnight) until 0000

hours ( 12:00 midnight of the next day )

0000 hrs 12:00 midnight

1200 hrs 12:00 noon

0000 hrs 12:00 midnight of the next day

Example:

8

The first 2 digits represent the hours The last 2 digits represent the

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i. 0830 hrs (zero eight thirty hours ) is half past eight in the morning.

ii. 1515 hrs (fifteen fifteen is fifteen) minutes past three in the afternoon.

Step 2:

a. The way of reading and saying time using 24 hour system.

AB CD

AB CD

Example:

i. 1315 hrs read as thirteen fifteen hours

ii. 0808 hrs read as zero eight zero eight hours.

Converting Standard Time to Military Time

Standard Military Standard Military

12:00 AM 2400 hours 12:30 AM 0030 hours

1:00 AM 0100 hours 1:30 AM 0130 hours

2:00 AM 0200 hours 2:30 AM 0230 hours3:00 AM 0300 hours 3:30 AM 0330 hours

4:00 AM 0400 hours 4:30 AM 0430 hours

5:00 AM 0500 hours 5:30 AM 0530 hours

6:00 AM 0600 hours 6:30 AM 0630 hours

7:00 AM 0700 hours 7:30 AM 0730 hours

9

00 = Zero

02 = Zero two

00 = hundred

15 = fifteen

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8:00 AM 0800 hours 8:30 AM 0830 hours

9:00 AM 0900 hours 9:30 AM 0930 hours

10:00 AM 1000 hours 10:30 AM 1030 hours

11:00 AM 1100 hours 11:30 AM 1130 hours

12:00 PM 1200 hours 12:30 PM 1230 hours

1:00 PM 1300 hours 1:30 PM 1330 hours

2:00 PM 1400 hours 2:30 PM 1430 hours

3:00 PM 1500 hours 3:30 PM 1530 hours

4:00 PM 1600 hours 4:30 PM 1630 hours

5:00 PM 1700 hours 5:30 PM 1730 hours

6:00 PM 1800 hours 6:30 PM 1830 hours

7:00 PM 1900 hours 7:30 PM 1930 hours

8:00 PM 2000 hours 8:30 PM 2030 hours

9:00 PM 2100 hours 9:30 PM 2130 hours

10:00 PM 2200 hours 10:30 PM 2230 hours

11:00 PM 2300 hours 11:30 PM 2330 hours

Step 3

The relationship between 12-hour system and 24-hour system is as follows:

12-hour system 24-hour system

12 :00 midnight 0000 hrs

Morning

6:00 a.m. 0600 hrs

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12:00 noon 1200 hrs

Afternoon

6:00 p.m. 1800 hrs

Night

12:00 midnight 2400 hrs

Step 4

Convert the following into the 24-hour system:

a. 8:05 a.m. b. 12:35 p.m. c. 4:35 p.m. d. 12:15 a.m.

Solution:

a. 8:05 a.m. = 0805 hrs

b. 12:35 p.m. = 1235 hrs

c.4:35 p.m. = 1635 hrs

d. 12:15 a.m. = 0015 hrs

Tips:

To convert the 12-hour system to the 24-hour system:

• Add 12 00 for the times between 1:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m.

11

Remove the dots and

insert a zero in front.

Remove the

4 35+ 12

00

12 15

- 12 00

00 15

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• Minus 12 00 for the times between 12:00 a.m. to 12:59 a.m.

Step 5

Convert the following times to the 12-hour system:

a. 0515 hrs b. 1245 hrs c. 1830 hrs d.0040 hrs

Solution:

a. 0515hrs = 5:15 a.m.

b. 1245 hrs = 12 :45 p.m.

c. 1830 hrs = 6:30 p.m .

d. 0040 hrs = 12:40 a.m.

Tips:

To convert the 24-hour system to the 12-hour system:

• Minus 1200 for times between 1300 hrs to 2359 hrs.

• Add 1200 for times between 0000 hrs to 0059 hrs.

12

Insert the dots between

hours and minutes.

18 30

- 12 00

6 30

00 40

+ 12 00

12 40

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• From 0000 hrs to 1159 hrs, we write a.m.

• From 1200 hrs to 2359 hrs, we write p.m.

REFERENCES

1. Lee Tak Sing, Lean Kee Fang, Azizah binti Haji Tengah, Mathematics Year 5

Textbook , Hypersurf Corporation Sdn.Bhd, 2003, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur.

2. Lim See Kiat ,Integrated Curriculum For Primary Schools Complete Text &

Guide UPSR Mathematics With Bilingual Notes Year 5, Arah Pendidikan

Sdn.Bhd, 2008, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan.

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3. Linda Lim,S.F.Liew, Ros Dhania, Success Mathematics UPSR, Oxford Fajar

Sdn.Bhd, Laser Press Sdn.Bhd.,2010,Selangor Darul Ehsan.

4. Ministry of Education Malaysia (2002). Integrated Curriculum for Primary

Schools Curriculum Specifications Mathematics Year. Kuala Lumpur:

Curriculum Development Centre.en

5. Modul Skim Bantuan Tuisyen, Mathematics Year 5, Kementerian Pelajaran

Malaysia, Putrajaya ,Percetakan Bumi Restu Sdn. Bhd., 2007,Petaling Jaya,

Selangor.

6. Modul Skim Bantuan Tuisyen, Mathematics Year 6, Kementerian Pelajaran

Malaysia, Putrajaya ,Percetakan Bumi Restu Sdn. Bhd., 2008,Petaling Jaya,

Selangor.

7. Murugiah A/L Velayutham, Kao Thuan Keat, HBMT 3203 Teaching of Mathematics for in year Five and Six, Open University Malaysia, Febuary 2008,

Meteor Doc.Sdn.Bhd,Seri Kembangan ,Selangor.

Website:

1. http://www.aaamath.com/est.html

2. http://teachingtreasures.com.au/index.html

3. http://www.aresearchguide.com/time.html

4. http://www.shambles.net/pages/learning/primary/Time/

14

http://www.aaamath.com/est.html

http://teachingtreasures.com.au/index.html

http://www.aresearchguide.com/time.html

http://www.aaamath.com/est.html

http://teachingtreasures.com.au/index.html

http://www.aresearchguide.com/time.html

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