MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Call for Fire

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Outline/AgendaElements of the Call for FireTransmitting the Call for Fire

“Calling it in!”Examples

Adjustments and Message to Observer

OT Factor and Range SpottingAdjusting the RoundsEnd of Mission (EOM)

Summary Questions

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Call for Fire Definition

A call for fire is a message prepared by an observer. It has all the information

needed to deliver indirect fires on the target.Any soldier in the platoon can request

indirect fire support by use of thecall for fire

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION2. WARNING ORDER3. TARGET LOCATION4. TARGET DESCRIPTION5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT6. METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

Elements of The Call for Fire

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

The Three Transmissions

1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION WARNING ORDER2. TARGET LOCATION3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET, METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT, AND METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

SLIDE 3

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Observer ID/Warning Order

Adjust Fire Fire for Effect Suppression

Immediate Suppression Immediate Smoke

FDC (Fire Support) this is C36 (You)

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Target Location Grid

Grid (Ex: EH 910736) Direction (Ex: 180 deg or 3200 mils)

1. mils are more accurate than degrees2. Use OT factor for adjustments

Polar Plot Observer’s Location, Direction (OT) and Range, and Up/Down (Elevation)

Shift from a Known Point Direction, Right/Left, Add/Drop, Up/Down (Elevation)

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Target Description / Snap

1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks).

2. What the target is doing (digging in).

3. The number of elements in the target (squad, platoon, three trucks).

4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole).

5. The target size and shape if significant.

SLIDE 7

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Method of Engagement Type Of Adjustments, Danger Close, Trajectory, Ammo, And Distribution

If The Target Is Within 600 Meters Of Your Location Or The Location Of Friendly Troops, You Will Include Danger Close In Your Call For Fire

Example:

Tank In The Open, Danger Close, Over

600 METERS

SLIDE 9

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Method Of Fire And Control

At My Command Cannot Observe Time On Target Continuous Illumination Coordinated Illumination

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Situation 1You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDCis B39. Formulate your call for fire.

B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

GRID AJ560812, OVER.

DIRECTION 155 DEGREES.

2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER.

SLIDE 12

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Situation 2You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving onyour position at grid AK307998. They are Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters.You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your call for fire.

R81 This Is N24, Adjust Fire, Over.

Grid AK307998, Direction NW, Over.

Infantry Squad In The Open,

Danger Close, Over.

SLIDE 13

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Situation 3

You see a company assembly area in a valley.The distance to the target 3000 meters at a directionof 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66.

Formulate your call for fire.

P66 This Is G81, Adjust Fire, Over.

Dir 1730, Dis 3000, Over.

Company Assembly Area In The Open, Over.

SLIDE 14

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Message To ObserverAfter FDC receives the callfor fire, it determines howthe target will be attacked.The decision is announcedto the observer in the form of a message toobserver or MTO.The MTO consists of 4 items:1. Units to fire

2. Changes to the call for fire3. Number of rounds4. Target number

SLIDE 15

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Adjusting PhaseKEY ELEMENTS

1. The observer-target (OT) Factor 2. Spotting3. Corrections

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

OT Factor

The OT factor is based on the distance fromyou to the target and is used to compute thecorrection that you are going to send to FDC.

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Computing the OT Factor

Distance to target: 4200 metersDistance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4

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Range Spotting

Over

Short

Left Right

OT Line

SLIDE 20

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Deviation Spotting IWe can tell if the round is over or short of the targetbut we must be able to correct left and right tobring the round on the target. This can be done twoways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the Binos.

This example showsthat the round has impacted 50 milsto the left of the target

Do not send any correctionsof 30 meters or less!!!

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Deviation Spotting II

Second we can use hand Measurements

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Adjusting the Round

The distance to the target is 4000 meters.

OT factor is 4

Round impacted 50 mils left of the target

The correction is right 200

50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Range Corrections I

OT Line

First we want to bracket the target by having one roundover and one round short. The first round impacted overthe target so the correction would be DROP 400.

You will most likelywant to begin with a 400 meterbracket. This begins a “Successive” bracket technique

1st Correctionadd/drop 4002nd Correctionadd/drop 2003rd Correctionadd/drop 1004th Correctionadd/drop 50Fire For Effect

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Range Corrections II

OT Line

The second round impacted short of the targetso the correction would be ADD 200.

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Practical Exercise 1

The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the

Target and long. What is your correction?

LEFT 120, DROP 400

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Practical Exercise 2

The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the Target and short. What is your correction?

RIGHT 30, ADD 200

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Practical Exercise 3

The distance to the target 3400 metersThe 3rd round impacted on OT line and long target. What is your correction?

DROP 100

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

FFE Phase

Your 4th round has impacted and your nextcorrection will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8 rounds impacting on the target.

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

At the completion of the FFE we must determine whateffects we had on the target and send an End of Mission(EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.

Example: Tank burning, end of mission, over.

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Summary

We discussed the following: Elements of the Call for Fire Transmitting the Call for Fire “Calling it in!” Examples Adjustments and Message to Observer OT Factor and Range Spotting Adjusting the Rounds End of Mission (EOM)

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Questions

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Garrison Operations Orders

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Types of Orders Operations Orders

(OPORD) Garrison OPORD Tactical OPORD

Warning Order (WARNO)

Fragmentary Order (FRAGO)

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Unit Hierarchy and OPORD

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Characteristics of Garrison OPORDs Should be a story from start to finish Apply TLP

Discuss implied, specified, and essential missions Detailed timeline

Backwards planning – 1/3 2/3 Develop good priorities of work Task subordinates Supervise Rehearsals and back briefs Reconnaissance/unit movement     

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

The Warning Order (WARNO)

Preliminary Notice “Heads up” Facilitates Time Management Provides operational details Outlines key events for mission execution (focus on

mission preparation) Detail dependent on:

The information and time available from the issue of the order to mission execution

The information subordinate commanders need for proper planning and preparation

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Warning Order (WARNO) Time: Provided ASAP after receipt of higher order Format:

No specific format -- Use the five paragraphs of the operations order as a guide

Use unit SOP/checklists (or develop them) Necessary information in a WARNO:

The mission or nature of the operation Who is participating in the mission Time of the operation Tasks that unit must accomplish now (equipment, supplies,

inspections and rehearsals) to prepare Time and place that to issue the operations order

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

WARNO 5 Paragraph Format

1. Situation--Brief description of the enemy and friendly situation

2. Mission--Concise statement of the task and purpose

3. Execution--Brief Statement of the tentative concept of the operation. Time Schedule, earliest time of move, inspection times, time and place of OPORD. Tasks to subordinate key personnel.

4. Service support

5. Command And Signal

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

The Operations Order (OPORD)

Directive issued to subordinate leaders, commanders,

Information to effect execution of an operation

Always specifies execution time and date Focus is on what to do, not how to do it Explains why the mission is important

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Operations Order- A Basic Outline (1 of 2)

Situation Enemy Forces Friendly Forces Attachments and Detachments

Mission Execution

Concept of the Operation Maneuver Fires

Tasks to Maneuver Units Tasks to Combat Support Units Coordinating Instructions

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Operations Order- A Basic Outline (2 of 2)

Service Support General Material and Services

Personnel Miscellaneous

Command and Signal Command Signal

1. Supply2. Transportation3. Services4. Maintenance5. Medical

Evacuations

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Situation Enemy Forces

Not usually used in Garrison OPORD Terrain, Weather and Light Data

Friendly Forces Statement of higher unit mission, intent,

concept of operation Mission and action of units two levels up,

left/right, front/rear. Attachments and Detachments

Units or individuals Effective time period.

MSL 302 Lesson 5

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Mission

Clear concise statement of the task and purpose

Contains the following information: Who What When Where Why

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Execution

The “How To” Information needed to accomplish the mission.

Usually in five parts: Concept of operation Maneuver Tasks to Maneuver units Coordinating instructions

Detailed timeline Safety

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Concept of the Operation Commander’s intent with desired end state Covers the entire mission General overview Done in phases

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Maneuver

Is done in phases Goes into excruciating detail of each

phase Should be a large portion of the brief

Tasks to Maneuver Units Task all sub-units and attachments Task subordinates

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Coordinating Instructions Details of coordination between sub units Synchronization of sub units Movement instructions Order of march Detailed time schedule

Written out & visible Highlight “hard” times

Safety Safety concerns from A to Z

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Service Support Materials and Services

Supply – all classes Transportation Services Maintenance MEDEVAC procedures and medical support

Personnel – Sick call procedures

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Command and Signal

Location of key leaders

Chain of command Frequencies Call signs Code words

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FRAGO

Address only parts of the OPORD that change – must be specific

Uses the same sequence of the OPORD A brief outline of the changes and

instructions

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Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Troop Leading Procedures and OPORDs Receive the mission Issue a warning order WARNO Make a tentative plan Start necessary movement Reconnoiter Complete the plan OPORD Issue the complete order OPORD Brief Supervise FRAGO

MSL 302 Lesson 5

Rev. 2 Dec 2005

Questions?