ms. tanguay visual art i fchs unit #3 line. i can… identify and draw a variety of descriptive...

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MS. TANGUAY VISUAL ART I FCHS UNIT #3 LINE

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M S . T A N G U A YV I S U A L A R T I

F C H S

UNIT #3 LINE

I CAN…

• Identify and draw a variety of descriptive lines (outlines, contour lines, and hatching).• Identify and explain how artists use implied lines.• Perceive and discuss how lines can be expressive.• Explain how artists use a variety of lines in their

artworks.

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N O R M A N K E L LY T J A N M P I T J I N P A , F LY I N G A N T D R E A M I N G , 2 0 T H C E N T U R Y

DREAM PAINTINGS

• Are the creation of the Aboriginal people of Australia.• These works are composed of a series of dots arranged in

curved and straight lines.

• Australian Aborigines passed down myths about the formation of their land and animals, including flying ants, during Dreamtime, the time before history. To many Pamapardu, or flying ants, are a sweet delicacy. Aborigine dot paintings are based on traditional sand paintings and often show dreamtime stories from an aerial view. Symbols such as the concentric circles can represent a campfire or water hole or stopping point, depending on the story being told. Usually the U shapes indicate men or women. Often, bird or animal tracks are included in the art.

3.1 A QUICK LOOK AT LINE

• The word line has many definitions

• In art there three main kinds of lines• Descriptive lines: help us understand what we are

seeing (outlines, contour lines, single lines, and hatching)• Implied lines: suggest an edge rather than clearly

defining one (occur where textures, colors, and values change at edges of shapes in artwork).

• Expressive lines: send us messages about what the artist wants his or her work to make us feel.

3.2 DESCRIPTIVE LINES

• Outline: surrounds a shape and is the most basic descriptive line• Usually the same thickness throughout the drawing• Outline drawings seem very flat 2-D

Charles M. Schulz, artist

• Contour lines: also define the outer edges of shapes but vary in thickness and darkness. They also define the edges of shapes within a form• Greater sense of depth.• Often are more interesting and more descriptive than

outlines

Henri Matisse, Woman with Folded Hands, 1918-19

• Blind Contour Drawing: A blind contour drawing contains lines that are drawn without ever looking at the piece of paper. • This forces you to study a scene closely, observing every

shape and edge with your eyes, as your hand mimics these on paper.

• The aim is not to produce a realistic artwork, but rather to strengthen the connection between eyes, hand and brain: a reminder that, when drawing, you must first learn to see.

• Blind drawing stretches the arms and soul; eases you into observational drawing without fear.

• Continuous Line Drawing: is produced without ever lifting the drawing instrument from the page. This means that, in addition to outlines and internal shapes, the pencil must move back and forth across the surface of the paper, with lines doubling back on each other, so that the drawing is one free-flowing, unbroken line. • This drawing method develops confidence and drawing

speed, and encourages your eyes and hand and brain to work together.

• Cross-Contour Drawing: A cross contour drawing contains parallel lines that run across the surface of an object (or radiate from a central point), such as those that appear on a topographical map or a digital wireframe. • The lines can run at any appropriate angle (sometimes at

multiple angles) and may continue across objects and into the background.

• Cross contour drawings typically follow the rules of perspective, with lines drawn closer together in the distance and further apart in the foreground.

• Individual lines (single lines): can represent letters and some shapes.

Wu Zhen, Bamboo, 1350

• Hatching/Crosshatching: many thin, closely spaced, parallel lines. Hatching lines that cross, which make a more solid shadow are called crosshatching.• They give the appearance of blending with the paper and

appear gray.• Optical mixing

• Gives a greater sense of depth and a sense of shading• Often used with pen and ink

INTERESTING FACTS

• Crosshatching techniques were developed by Albrecht Durer and Leonardo da Vinci.• The problem they faced was how to create areas of tone

and shadow with a drawing tool that produced only lines.

3.3 IMPLIED LINES

• Are not seen but are indicated indirectly• Can be suggested by edges, closure, and lines of sight

• Edges: exist where one shape ends and another begins.• In sculpture, an edge exists where the sculpture ends and

the space around it begins.

Elizabeth Catlett, Mother and Child #2, 1971

• Closure: our tendency to “see” complete figures where lines are left open

• Lines of Sight: the lines along which people look• Artists often use lines of sight to connect different parts

of a picture.

Mokuan, The Four Sleepers, mid-14th century

INTERESTING FACTS

• In early medieval times, black ink was made from ground charcoal made from grapevines, or from boiled soot of hawthorn wood.• Chinese ink (India Ink) reached Europe in the late

17th century. It was made with the smoke of pork fat burned in a lamp. The smoke-black was mixed with oil to make is smooth.

3.4 EXPRESSIVE LINES

• Lines used by artists to express feelings and ideas.• Line Personalities- we tend to associate lines

with other things in our experience• Line Shape• Straight= buildings; powerful, strong • Curved= people, animals, plants; soft, delicate, or graceful• Jagged= broken glass, saw teeth, lightning; bristling,

aggressive, or wild.

• Line movement• Straight= rigid or swift• Curved= relaxed, languid, or graceful• Jagged= nervous or awkward

• Line direction • Vertical= strong• Horizontal= calm or stable• Diagonal= unstable

Gary Molitor, Baghdad by the Bay, 1995

• The personality of a particular line can also be influenced by other elements in the artwork (color, textures, other lines, etc.)• Abstract Lines: are mainly found in abstract art.• Little or no attempt to show a pictorial likeness or image• They are NOT used to outline, symbolize, or to look like

shading. • They ARE expressive, NOT descriptive

Ben Shahn, Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer, 1954

• Gesture Drawing: A gesture drawing is completed quickly – often in short timed durations, using fast, expressive lines. • Gesture drawings capture basic forms and proportions

without focusing on detail. • Due to their rapid completion, they are a great way to

record movement and action, as well as increase your drawing speed, confidence and intuitive mark-making skill.

• Gesture drawings are best completed with smooth, easily applied mediums without the use of an eraser.

• They are often completed on large, inexpensive sheets of paper, where you can move your arm fluidly, be bold with mark-making, and not worry about mistakes.

INTERESTING FACTS

• Calligraphy is elegant handwriting that has aesthetic value apart from its written message.• Legibility is sometimes sacrificed for the sake of

decoration and design. • The chief tool of calligraphy is the lettering pen,

but much of the beautiful lettering in medieval manuscripts was done with reed or quill pens and fine brushes.