ms. russo 2011-2012. power & the american dream unit 1: power & the american dream...

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WELCOME TO ENGLISH 10 HONORS Ms. Russo 2011-2012

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Page 1: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

WELCOME TO ENGLISH 10

HONORSMs. Russo 2011-2012

Page 2: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

AMERICAN LITERATURE: AN OVERVIEW OF ENGLISH 10

Unit 1:  POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society)

Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Unit 2:  ORDER vs. FREEDOM (examining societal structures and inherent contradictions as they impact the individual and the community)

The Crucible by Arthur Miller

 Unit 3:  CULTIVATING IDENTITY: THE JOURNEY TO SELF-DISCOVERY

(looking at myself now-exploring the coming-of-age process so I have a stronger awareness of where I want to go in the future) Unit 4: AMERICA: PAST, PRESENT & FUTURE (with a stronger understanding of myself and of society, how can

I be an agent of change?)

Page 3: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

THINKING ABOUT YOUR LIFE…

What is the American Dream? How is it achieved? Who do you know that has achieved it?

What are your dreams for the future? Why?

What qualities and skills do you need to attain in order to realize your dreams?

What can influence your ability to achieve your dreams?

Page 4: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

THINKING ABOUT LITERATURE… How do the stories of others influence

us?

How can literature allow us to explore the evolution of our society?

In what ways does literature become a vehicle through which we engage in critical thinking?

Page 5: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

CHARACTERIZATIONA REVIEW…

Direct Characterization When a writer uses this method, we do not have to figure

out what a character’s personality is like—the writer tells us directly.

Indirect Characterization When a writer uses this method, we have to exercise our

own judgment, putting clues together to infer what a character is like—just as we do in real life when we are getting to know someone.

Characters are often classified as static or dynamic. A static character is one who does not change much in

the course of a story. A dynamic character, on the other hand, changes in

some important way as a result of the story’s action.

Page 6: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

REVEALING CHARACTERS IN A NOVEL

WHERE? …in the structure of the text Narration

What he does, etc.Dialogue

What he says, what others say to him or about him

HOW? …with his or her craft elements Setting (including historical context) and Mood Tone, Diction, and Style Connotative and Figurative Language

Page 7: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

UNDERSTANDING SETTING & HISTORICAL CONTEXT

What do we need to do to learn the historical contextof a piece of literature?

RESEARCH …the time period; use the internet and other resources

ANNOTATE You have to sift through and find the important “stuff”

CONNECT …what you learn to characters in the story-their conflicts, their

motivation, their choices, etc. …to enhance your understanding of the story and of American

life in the present by comparing, contrasting, and stepping into their shoes.

APPLY …what you learned to the context of the story told using

visualizing, questioning, inferencing and predicting strategies.

Page 8: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

1. LITERARY TERMS DEFINED…

MOTIVATION:   The reasons for a character’s behavior. In order for us to understand why characters act the

way they do, their motivation has to be believable, at least in terms of the story. At times a writer directly reveals motivation; in subtler fiction we must use details from the story to infer motivation. It is helpful to understand the setting and historical context of a story to better understand conflict and motivation .

MOOD:   The overall emotion created by a work of literature. Mood can usually be described with one or two

adjectives such as bittersweet, playful, or scary. All the elements of literature, including sound effects, rhythm, and word choice, contribute to a work’s mood.

Page 9: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

2. LITERARY TERMS DEFINED…

TONE:   The attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience. In speaking we use voice inflections and even

body language to show how we feel about what we are saying. Writers manipulate language in an attempt to achieve the same effect. Tone is dependent on diction and style, and we cannot say we have understood any work of literature until we have sensed the writer’s tone. Tone can usually be described in a single word: objective, solemn, playful, ironic, sarcastic, critical, reverent, irreverent, philosophical, cynical, and so on.

Page 10: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

3. LITERARY TERMS DEFINED…

Tone is dependent on diction

Tone is dependent on style

DICTION:   A speaker’s or writer’s choice of words. Diction can be formal,

informal, colloquial, full of slang, poetic, ornate, plain, abstract, concrete, and so on. Diction depends on the writer’s subject, purpose, and audience. Some words, for example, are suited to informal conversations but are inappropriate in a formal speech. Diction has a powerful effect on the tone of a piece of writing.

STYLE :  The distinctive way in which a writer uses language. Style can be plain,

ornate, metaphorical, spare, descriptive, and so on. Style is determined by such factors as sentence length and complexity, syntax, use of figurative language and imagery, and diction.

Page 11: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

4. LITERARY TERMS DEFINED…

CONNOTATION:   The associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition. The words determined, firm, rigid, stubborn, and pigheaded

have similar dictionary definitions, or denotations, but widely varying connotations, or overtones of meaning. Determined and firm both suggest an admirable kind of resoluteness; rigid suggests an inability to bend and a kind of mindless refusal to change. Stubborn and pigheaded, on the other hand, have even more negative connotations. Stubborn has associations with a mule, and pigheaded with the pig, which, wrongly or not, is an animal often associated with mindless willfulness. Here are some other words that are more or less synonymous but which have vastly different connotations: fastidious and fussy; day-dreamer and escapist; scent, odor, smell, and stink. Words with strong connotations are often called loaded words or suggestive words.

Page 12: Ms. Russo 2011-2012. POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM  Unit 1: POWER & THE AMERICAN DREAM (evaluating and navigating power structures in society) Of Mice and

SETTING GOALS

DO NOW:First identify what your strengths are.Next identify what your weaknesses are.Finally, identify your goals. They can be

both skill oriented and behavioral.

Compare your strengths, weaknesses and goals to those of your classmates.Reflect on what your classmates reveal to

modify your goals.