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Presented by---

Saubhagya surya

PRESENTATION UPON HARD DISK DRIVE

HARD DISK DRIVE

A hard disk is part of a unit, often called a "disk drive," "hard drive," or "hard disk drive," that stores and provides relatively quick access to large amounts of data on an electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces. Today's computers typically come with a hard disk that contains several billion bytes (gigabytes) of storage.

Basic component of hard disk drive

I. Disk platters

II. Read/write heads

III. Head actuator

IV. Spindle motor

V. Logic board

VI. Cables & connectors

VII.Circuit cable

VIII.Shock Mount

IX. Actuator

X. D.C. power input

Electromechanical

01-Rotating disks02-Arm assembly

Electronics

01-Disk controller02-Cache03-Interface controller

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) Components

HDD OrganizationArm

AssemblyArm

Spindle

Cylinder

TrackPlatter

PATA

Successor to ST-412/506/ESDI by integrating the disk controller completely onto the device. Incapable of concurrent operations.

SATA

Modification of ATA, uses serial communication

instead of parallel

What Is A Hybrid Hard Disk (H-HDD)?

DRAMCache

NVCache

A HDD also has a non –volatile cache

All disk have a Dram cache

Reading

Process of transferring items form

storage media to memory

Writing

Process of transferring items from memory to

storage media

Hardware thatRecords

DataFunctionas source of input

Creates output

A Magnetic ‘Bit’ Bit-cell

composed of magnetic grains

- 50-100 grains/bit

‘0’-Region of grains of uniform magnetic polarity

‘1’-Boundary between regions of opposite magnetization

UNIT Storage capacity

Kilobyte (KB) 1 Thousand

Megabyte(MB) 1 Million

Gigabyte(GB) 1 Billion

Petabyte(PB) 1 Quadrillion

Exabyte(EB) 1 Quintillion

Zettabyte(ZB) 1 Sextillion Yottabyte(YB) 1 Septillion

PERFORMANCE: WHAT DO USERS SEE?

A. Slow state transitions a. Boot, hibernate, resume

B. Increased disk access under memory pressure

a. Reduces performance

C. Program launch can be slow a. Cold memory b. Competing I/O

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