ms. gaines: social studies€¦ · web viewin 1619, the elected representatives from the virginia...

Tobacco in Jamestown Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

Free Enterprise/Free Trade -The development of business and trade supported by the idea that government should not restrict business and trade activities.

Jamestown was settled in 1607, but within a year, in 1608, most of settlers had died from

malaria or dysentery. Not only was the population dwindling, but England relied on the colonies’ economic exploits in order to keep supporting colonization. However, economically speaking, Jamestown was due for failure.

They had tried silk making, glassmaking, lumber farming, sassafras, pitch and tar, and soap ashes, but were unable to find any success. Jamestown was almost sure to fail as an English colony if it had not been for

Tobacco plant and leaf

1. List two reasons why the invention of tobacco farming in Jamestown was important to the economy of Great Britain.

2. Why was John Rolfe able to succeed a farming tobacco in Jamestown?

a discovery by John Rolfe; tobacco farming.

Tobacco was native to North America and the West Indies, and up to that point, the Spanish had control of tobacco farming and the tobacco market. Although Virginia at the time did grow a small amount of tobacco, it was the Spanish variety that was favored by the English. Rolfe, who was married to the daughter of the Powhatan chief, Pocahontas, learned how to dry and cure the tobacco leaf, so that it smoked “smoked pleasant, sweete, and strong.” Upon returning from a visit to the Caribbean, he planted tobacco, cured it the way he learned from Pocahontas, making the new crop of Virginia’s cash export crops. This in turn made Jamestown an important colony for the economy of Great Britain.

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The life of an indentured servant Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

Economic Opportunity -The strong belief that in America opportunities are available to better a person’s economic situation.

The many new opportunities in the English colonies called to many Europeans, some of

whom were not able to afford the travel to the new world. Because of this, in return for food, shelter, and a paid trip across the Atlantic, they agreed to be indentured servants. Indentured servants agreed to work for their employer for about five to seven years, after which they were

free to go live their own lives. From the 1630s to the time of the American Revolution, nearly one-half to two-thirds of all white immigrants in the New World were indentured servants.

The life of an indentured servant was not easy. He or she could not marry without permission of their master, and they were often subject to harsh physical punishments. If a female indentured servant became pregnant, her term of indenture was lengthened, to make sure she served out her entire term of service. Some indentured servants were also taken unwillingly from Europe, and made to work in the colonies without their consent.

1. 2.

An indentured servant’s contract

Compare and contrast a similarity and difference between indentured servants and slaves. Explain why you think someone would sell themselves into indentured servitude.

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Unlike slaves, however, indentured servants were guaranteed to be released from bondage eventually, at which time they would receive their “freedom dues” payment and became free citizens. The right to an indentured servant’s labor could be sold, meaning that they would have to work for another master, but the person as a piece of property could not be sold.

The house of burgesses Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

Republicanism - People have a voice in government.

In 1619, the elected representatives from the Virginia Colony met to create what would

become America’s first legislative body, the House of Burgesses. This democratically elected law- making body, met from 1619 until the American Revolution, when the Virginia Constitution created a new General Assembly that replaced it. Many of America’s Founding Fathers were member of the House of Burgesses, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Richard Henry Lee, and Patrick Henry.

A reconstructed chamber of the House of Burgesses

The following is a report on the manner of proceedings in the General Assembly convened at Jamestown.

But forasmuch as men's affaires doe litle prosper where God's service is neglected, all the Burgess- es tooke their places in the [church] Quire till a prayer was said by Mr. Bucke, the Minister, that it would please God to guide and sanctifie all our proceedings to his own glory and the good of this Plantation ... The Speaker ... delivered in briefe to the whole assembly the occasions of their meeting. Which done he read unto them the commission for establishing the Counsell of Estate and the general Assembly, wherein their duties were described to the life ... And forasmuch as our intente is to establish one equall and uniforme kinde of government over all Virginia.

– John Pory (July 30, 1619)

1. Carefully read through the above quote by John Pory. In your own words, describe what the last sentence is saying.

2. Explain why the House of Burgesses was an important development in the creation of the United States. Copyright © 2016 Instructomania 5

Geography of the us colonies Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

War - In order for America to gain independence and maintain or expand its borders, war became inevitable.

Instructions: Analyze the map of the 13 colonies in 1776 to the left and answer the following questions:

1. Which foreign power controls the territory directly to the south of the 13 US colonies?

2. According to this map, how many differentpowers would the colonies have to come in conflict with, if they wanted to expand to the west or to the south? List them.

3. List the 13 original US colonies.

exports of the colonies Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

Economic development - The American economy was able to transform from a nation of independent farmers to an industrial giant due to capitalist values and an entrepreneurial spirit.

Study the chart below and answer the following questions regarding exports of the US colonies:

1. Which area produced the largest amount of export products?

2. What were the largest export crops from the Middle Colonies, Chesapeake, and the Lower South for this timeframe?

3. Study your answer from #2. What does the difference between these three export crops tell you about the geography of the US colonies?

(ships, lumber and rum)


The fight for new york Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

War - In order for America to gain independence and maintain or expand its borders, war became inevitable Negotiations - Often America had to negotiate in order to acquire territory.

New York, the state that contains the largest city in the United States, wasn’t always New

York. The original English colonies were often grants of land from the English monarch to one of his constituents, and in this case, the king had awarded his brother, James, the Duke of York, a grant of land in the Americas. The problem

was that part of this area was already claimed by the Dutch, who called it New Netherland.

In 1664, the English sent a fleet of warships to New Netherland to gain control of the land from the Dutch, who surrendered quickly. Seven years later, in 1673, the Dutch attempted to take back New Netherland, but after a year of fighting, the land was firmly in the hands of the English. The English renamed the area New York, after the king’s brother.

1. In your own words, explain why New Netherland became New York. area for themselves.

2. Where did the name “New York” come from?

3. Carefully study the map to the left. Find New Amsterdam. What current US city and state is located in the area of New Amsterdam in the map shown here?


Population of the us colonies Key concepts you will learn about at this station:


The following tables illustrate the estimated population of the US colonies, from 1610 to 1780.

Year Population

1610 3501620 2,300 1630 4,600 1640 26,600 1650 50,400 1660 75,100 1670 111,900 1680 151,500 1690 210,400 1700 250,900 1710 331,700 1720 466,200 1730 629,400 1740 905,600 1750 1,170,800 1760 1,593,600 1770 2,148,100 1780 2,780,400

Graphic representation of the population of US colonies in 1750

1. In 1750, which of the original 13 US colonies had the smallest population? Which had the largest?

2. In the decade from 1610 to 1620, approximately how much did the population increase? In the decade from 1770 to 1780, approximately how much did the population increase?

3. In 1750, where were the colonies with the largest populations located (north, south, middle)? What does this tell you about the US colonies?


Differences between the colonies Key concepts you will learn about at this station:

Diversity -There are a variety of people in America.Labor Systems -The establishment of various systems of labor used in American business.


The following chart illustrates some of the differences between the US colonies by region:

Culture Established colonies for religious freedom and a new way of life.

Established colonies as economic ventures, looking for natural resources to provide material wealth.

Socio-political structure was varied, and welcomed people from diverse lifestyles.

Economy

Primarily specialized in nautical and boating equipment, and shipbuilding. Later developed mills and factories.

Diverse workforce of farmers, fishermen, and merchants. Rich farmland and moderate climate, ideal for small to large farms. Coastal lowlands provided

Primarily agricultural, small amount of cities and schools. Fertile farmlands, leading to the rise of large cash crops such as rice, tobacco, and indigo, as well as the development of

vast trading opportunities. plantations, which utilized slave labor.

Social Life

Connected to the church and village community.

Diverse backgrounds created a socially rich atmosphere.

Vast, flat, rural terrain made socializing difficult. Large farms with slaves and owners formed self sustaining communities.

Separation of North, Middle and Southern colonies

1. Compare and contrast the economies of the Northern and the Southern colonies. Discuss how these differences could have led to future confrontations between the two regions.

2. Joshua is immigrating with his family from England, and he is escaping persecution for his religious beliefs. Which region of US colonies might be best-suited for him and his family, and why?

3. Frederick is appointed by his English Lord to go to the Americas and set up a business. He has a vast amount of experience in farming tobacco in the Caribbean. Which region of US colonies might be best-suited for Frederick, and why?


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