ms. dockray reproduction background information grade 12 health
TRANSCRIPT
Ms. Dockray
Reproduction Background information
Grade 12 Health
Your Body’s Reproductive System
Part 1: The Male Reproductive System
Part 2: The Female Reproductive System
The Reproductive System
Introduction
Part 1: The Male Reproductive System
The in and out; the good, the bad and the ugly of the male reproductive system
Male Reproduction:Internal Organs
Epididymis, Vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Cowper’s gland, and urethra
Quick Facts!Semen- The
combination of sperm, seminal fluid, and other male reproductive secretions
Circumcision- Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
Epididymis- Temporary storage unit for sperm located on outer surface of testes
Vas deferens- pair of tubes which lead to seminal vesicles and prostate gland
Quick Facts Cont.
Testicles- Two small glands that produce sperm
Scrotum- Contains testes and protects sperm by temp regulation
Penis- Tube-shaped organ attached to body above testes
External Organs
Testes and Penis
- 100 million sperm are produced each day!
- 300-400 million sperm in each ejaculation, but only one can fertilize an ovum!
Main Functions of the Male Reproductive System!1. Produce sperm!
2. Transfer sperm to female’s body during sexual intercourse!
Functions of the Male Reproductive System!
Hormones from pituitary gland cause testes to produce testosterone.Physical changes…Sperm production
Where sperm travel to from the testes:
Sperm –> epididymis to mature –> vas deferens –> ejaculatory duct –> urethra –> out of body
CareClean your areaAlways use
protectionAvoid wearing
overly tight clothingWear a cup Self-exam
ShowerClean the penis and
scrotum wellWash under foreskin
if neededCheck for lumps
4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam
Once a month you should examine your testicles by:
Step 1:Check for any swelling
4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam Cont.
Step 2:Place the index and middle fingers ofboth hands under the testicle with thethumbs placed on top. Roll the testicle gentlybetween the thumbs and fingers—you
shouldn’t feel any pain when doing the exam.
4 Easy Steps to Performing a Self Testicular Exam Cont.
Step 3: Find the epididymis, the soft, tube-like structure behind the testicle. Cancerous lumps usually are found on the sides of the testicle, but can also show up on the front.
4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam Cont.
Step 4:If you feel a lump, see your doctor right
away.
Problems
Hernia SterilityEnlarged
Prostate Gland
Cancer of the Prostate Gland
Cancer of the Testes
Impotence
Problems Cont.Hernia- The protrusion of an organ or
structure into surrounding tissues. Example: Inguinal hernia occurs when
part of the intestine protrudes through a weak point in the groin
Most occur in the abdomen
Problems Cont.
Sterility- A condition in which a person can’t reproduce.
Caused by:Environmental hazards, exposure to X-rays,
radiation, temperature change, exposure to certain chemicals found it cigarettes, mumps, STD’s, or malfunction of an organ
Problems Cont.Prostate Cancer
The second highest cancer in malesEarly detection is KEY!
Problems Cont.
Testicular Cancer Is usually a slight enlargement of the testicleHard lumpsCan be cured if caught early
Problems Cont.
Enlarged Prostate Gland-Squeezes the
urethraFrequent or
difficult urinationCaused by
Infection, tumor, or old age
Impotence- Inability to
maintain an erection in order to have intercourse
Part 2: The Female Reproductive SystemHow, what, and why the female body does
what it does!
Reproductive OrgansFallopian tube, ovary, clitoris, ovum, uterus, endometrium, cervix, vagina, urethra labia minora and majora
Tracking The Female Egg
P ro d uce s b a b y!
A tta ch e s to u te rin e w a ll
Z yg o te in u te rus
If sp re m p rese n t
O u t V ag inaA K A M e n stra tion
C e rv ix
If spe rm n o t p rese n t
F a llop ia n T u be
O va
O va ries
CareCleanliness is
KEY!Especially during
menstruation
Breast Self-Exam
Pap Test
Sanitary napkins, tampons
Note: “Deodorant sprays and douches should not be necessary and may cause irritation!”
The 4 Steps to Breast Self Exam (BSE)
Step 1: Look at breast in mirror with arms on hips and bow slightly forward.
Look for: Usual size, shape, color, any discharge, puckering, dimpling, or scaling
Step 2: Raise arms and look for same changes.
The 4 Steps to Breast Self Exam (BSE) Cont.
Step 3: Raise one arm and thoroughly explore breast with other arm by:Use 3-4 fingers, press and make circles starting
with outer side of breast and gradually move toward nipple. Do whole breast!
Squeeze nipple to see any dischargeStep 4: Same as step 3 but lay on back.
ProblemsMenstruation
ProblemsInfertility Other Problems
Menstrual Cramps
Blocked Fallopian Tube
Ovarian Cysts
Premenstrual Syndrome
(PMS)
Endometriosis Breast and Cervical Cancer
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
STDs and Infections
Menstrual Problems
Menstrual Cramps- Abdominal cramps last a few hours.Exercise and heating
pads are goodPrescribed med’s
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)- Aching muscles, bloodshot eyes, sore throat, high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fainting, and rash caused by bacteria
Menstrual Problems Cont.
PMS- Nervous tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, weight gain, depression, fatigue, and mood swings
Infertility ProblemsBlocked
Fallopian Tube- Leading cause of infertilityCauses: PID or
abdominal surgery
Endometriosis- 2nd leading cause of infertilityUterine tissue
grows outside the uterus, appearing on ovaries, fallopian tubes, and abdominal cavity
Infertility Problems Cont.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)- Infection of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding areas.
Causes: Damage to reproductive organs and STD’s
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Other ProblemsOvarian Cyst-
Fluid filled sac on the ovary; can lead to cancer
Breast Cancer- Lumps on breast should be checked out by a doctorDo self-exam
Other Problems Cont.
Cervical CancerSexual activity and family history play a rolePap test
Sexually Transmitted DiseasesGonorrheaChlamydiaSyphilisHPV (Human papilloma virus)HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus)HIV / AIDSTrichomoniasisCrabs
Herpes Simplex Virus
Syphilis
Pubic Lice or Crabs
Remember!!!Boys have a penis, Girls have a vagina!!!Once a month do a self examTake care of yourselfClean, Clean, CleanGet checked out if something seems different