MRSA & Bloodborne Pathogens

WARNING: Some of the following pictures may be gross

Objectives

Define MRSA, Staph, bloodborne pathogens, and universal precautions

Recognize symptoms of MRSA and how it is spread

List 2 bloodborne pathogens and their symptoms

MRSAMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas

What is it? “Staph” = bacteria that live on the skin & in the

nose Usually harmless

Estimated though that staph fatalities may exceed AIDS deaths

MRSA = type of staph Resistant to several types of antibiotics

MRSA

Who gets it? Anyone Most often in hospitals &

healthcare facilities Athletes or other

individuals in high contact activities

MRSA

How is it spread? Touching the infected skin/wound Sharing objects such as towels or athletic equipment Typically through physical contact (not air)

What does MRSA look like?

Mainly on skin, in the nose, in wounds, or in urine & blood

Around open wounds or other openings where bacteria can get inside the body

Common skin conditions caused by MRSA: Infected cuts Boils Infected hair follicles Fluid filled blisters (impetigo) Skin sores that look like insect bites

MRSA

Can spread to surrounding tissue Leads to abscesses or infections of the:

Blood Bone Heart infections

Treatment? Some antibiotics are successful

Once MRSA is gone…

Bacteria may still live in your nose Wash hands often Sneeze or cough into tissue If new infection occurs, cover & see MD

Prevention? Wash hands often!! If skin infection occurs, keep

area clean & covered Change bandage often –

especially if wet Prevent wound drainage from

coming in contact with anyone else

Avoid public spas, saunas, pools, manicures, gyms, etc

**Bloodborne Pathogens

**Pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease

**Universal Precautions **Assume all fluid is contaminated fluid Cover open skin wounds Remove bleeding athletes from play

Possible uniform change **Protective equipment

**Gloves, gowns, masks, eye shield, CPR masks

**Hepatitis B

**Major cause of viral infection affecting liver functions

Dramatic increase in last 10 years Stronger, more durable than HIV Signs/Symptoms

Flulike, **jaundice, not present Transmission

Direct & indirect (surfaces – 1 week) contact

Hepatitis B

Infectious Material Blood, saliva, semen, feces, food, water

Prevention Good hygiene, avoid high risk behaviors, vaccine

Recovery Usually within 6-8 weeks

**Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

**Viral infection that attacks healthy cells Estimated 40 million by 2000 Signs/Symptoms

Fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea, severe fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, lesions, none (8-10 years)

Transmission Direct & indirect contact

HIV

Infectious materials Blood, semen, vaginal fluid

Management “cocktails”

**Prevention **Education Little risk to athletes, but possible