mrm bristol-flow visualisation-(2008)
DESCRIPTION
This presentation was given as a Departmental seminar in the Bristol University Physics Department in (2008)TRANSCRIPT
“Visualisation; seeing the physical picture ”
BY
MALCOLM MACKLEY.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING.UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.
www.cheng.ac.uk/groups/polymer
Bristol 2008 Physics Department Colloquium
Leonardo de Vinci 1513
David Hockney 1972
Sir Charles Frank Andrew Keller
Flow Visualisation
Lightsource
TheDoubleJet
Charles FrankAndrew Keller& MRM Bristol 1970
Science Technology Art
MRM1970
The Six Roll MillMichael Berry &MRM Bristol 1976
Science Technology Art
Berry and MackleyBristol 1976
Berry and Mackley 1976
Sussex University
“Visualising Water Waves”
Graham Knott &MRMSussex 1978
Oscillatory Flow Mixing (OFM). Wave Energy devices
Graham Knott &MRMSussex 1978
Air turbine generates power
Graham Knott &MRMSussex 1978
Movie, Sussex-waves-Knott-(1978)
U tubeoscillator
Cambridge 1980
Oscillatory Flow Mixing (OFM). Science
Oscillatory Flow Mixing, (OFM).
Paul Stonestreet 1990
Oscillatory Flow Mixing (OFM). Technology
Science Technology Art
Tony Howes 1990
Movie, Osc-Flow-Sim-Tony-Howes-(1980s)
Lab Scale OFR
Paul Stonestreet, Adam Harvey 1999
Net Flow InNet FlowOut
Reaction Progressalong Reactor
NiTech Solutions 2007
Science Technology Art
Flexible chocolate (1990s)
“A visual flow”
Temperature
50 100 150 200
C0
H
Cold Extrusion
Melt Processing
Polyethylene
Temperature
10 20 30 40
C0
H
Cold Extrusion
Melt Processing
Chocolate
Extrusion processing
Visualising Polymer Flow
Bristol 1970 – 76
Sussex 1976- 79
Cambridge 1979 - Present
Many contributors includingRecently, David Hassell and TimLord
The Cambridge MultiPass Rheometer (MPR)
Rheology flow mode Cross-slot flow mode
David Hassell 2007
Movie MPR-Cross-Slot-David-Hassell-(2005)
Visualising the Flow of Carbon Nanotudes
Anson Ma 2005 onwards
Optical Observation of Untreated Multi-Walled CNT
The Linkam, Cambridge Shear System CSS
Flow
500 μm
0.03% CNT loadingLow viscosity epoxyLocal shear rate: 0.5s-1
Optical depth: 130 μm
Anson Ma 2007
Ma-CNT-Helical-band-(2005)
Gap Size Time = 0 s Time = 180 s Time = 600 s
55 μm
130 μm
180 μm
Helical Bands; schematic model
Parallel Plate Rheometer. UV cure Microstructure Studies
UV Light
Quartz Upper Plate
Stainless Steel Bottom Plate
CNT in photo-curable acrylic or epoxy
Ω: rotation speedr: radial positionh: plate separation
h
rr
)(
Rr 0r
Rr 0r
III. UntreatedMWNT
IV. TreatedMWNT
A “Zoo” of CNT Microstructure
I. UntreatedSWNT
0 s-1 1 s-1 10 s-1 100 s-1 1000 s-1
II. TreatedSWNT
All at 0.05 wt% conc
Untreated Multi-Walled CNT
0 s-1 1 s-1 10 s-1 100 s-1 1000 s-1
Helical Bands!!
Dense aggregatesDense aggregates
Treated Multi-Walled CNT
0 s-1 1 s-1 10 s-1 100 s-1 1000 s-1
Dense aggregatesAboriginal texture
Circumferentialalignment
Conclusion
I would like to thank the “Bristol Physics Department” and in particular the 1970s
academic staff for inspiring me, and indirectly my students.
Malcolm Mackley [email protected]