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NMR Logging Principles and Applications 182 MRIL Job Planning Chapter 8 om001443 Figure 8.15—The green area indicates the mini- mum tolerable mud resistivity in a given borehole at which the MRIL-Prime sonde will operate within specifica- tions. Data acquired in the “Limited Operations Zone” (yellow) may not be within the instrument’s calibration range; supplying adequate power to the tool may also be problematic. Fitting the 6-in. tool with a fluid excluder expands the “Safe Operations Zone” significantly (top right). Mud Type (Oil-Based, Water-Based) The quality of NMR data acquired in OBM wells is generally superior to WBM data. The conductivity of oil-based mud is less, which reduces loading effects on the transmitter- receiver system. This reduced loading enables more echoes to be measured and reduces the noise levels. When the water-based mud-system is too conductive (i.e., resistivity is too low), loading effects are serious and put restrictions on the operating modes of the tool. Value may even be reached at which the tool can not be operated, as seen in Fig. 8.15. Depending on hole size, a fluid excluder may be necessary to operate the tool in more conductive environments. NMR logging in OBM wells is not restricted by conductivity problems, but the OBM filtrate in the pore space produces an additional hydrocarbon signal, which complicates interpreta- tion of the logs significantly. Careful pre-job planning is advised to reduce interference of the OBM-filtrate signal and the response from the native fluids. Most OBM base fluids have relatively long T 1 relaxation times and their diffusivity compares to water, which makes it difficult to separate them either through the shifted- or differential-spectrum approach.

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Page 1: MRIL Mud Condition

NMR Logging Principles and Applications

182 MRIL Job Planning Chapter 8

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Figure 8.15—The greenarea indicates the mini-mum tolerable mudresistivity in a givenborehole at which theMRIL-Prime sonde willoperate within specifica-tions. Data acquired in the“Limited Operations Zone”(yellow) may not be withinthe instrument’s calibrationrange; supplying adequatepower to the tool may alsobe problematic. Fitting the6-in. tool with a fluidexcluder expands the“Safe Operations Zone”significantly (top right).

Mud Type (Oil-Based, Water-Based)The quality of NMR data acquired in OBM wells is generally superior to WBM data. Theconductivity of oil-based mud is less, which reduces loading effects on the transmitter-receiver system. This reduced loading enables more echoes to be measured and reduces thenoise levels. When the water-based mud-system is too conductive (i.e., resistivity is too low),loading effects are serious and put restrictions on the operating modes of the tool. Value may even be reached at which the tool can not be operated, as seen in Fig. 8.15.Depending on hole size, a fluid excluder may be necessary to operate the tool in moreconductive environments.

NMR logging in OBM wells is not restricted by conductivity problems, but the OBM filtratein the pore space produces an additional hydrocarbon signal, which complicates interpreta-tion of the logs significantly. Careful pre-job planning is advised to reduce interference of theOBM-filtrate signal and the response from the native fluids. Most OBM base fluids haverelatively long T

1 relaxation times and their diffusivity compares to water, which makes it

difficult to separate them either through the shifted- or differential-spectrum approach.

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