Name: ____________________________________________

Mr. LaFranca’s - Period ___________ Date: ________________________________

Aim: What does Density have to do with the Earth?

Do Now: Why do you think making a tunnel from New York to China is impossible?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Layers of the Earth• The Earth is a planet which was formed about ________________.

• In the beginning, the Earth was a ball of ___________________,

but as the Earth cooled, materials that were very dense began to

_____________________________. Those material that were not

so dense, stayed ____________________________rface.

• As a result, layers formed inside the Earth.

Earth Science - Note Packet #5

Can we go to the center of the Earth?

Earth’s Interior Chart

• As you dig deep into the Earth, the _________________________.

• The temperature rises as the results of the _________________

building up from the rocks being piled up on top of each other.

• The deeper you go the more rocks are ______________________

________________________________________________.

• More pressure = ________________________

• On page 10 of your reference booklet, you will find the “Inferred

Properties of Earth’s Interior” chart.

• This chart is actually 3 charts that work together.

Earth’s Interior Chart (cont)

• This part of the chart shows the names and the densities of the 5 main

layers of the Earth.

– ______________________

– __________________

– _____________________

– ___________________

– _______________

• The Lithosphere or crust (solid) is the outer most layer of the

Earth. ________________________________________________

There are 2 types of crust:

• Continental Crust – ______________________________.

• Oceanic Crust- ___________________________________.

• Oceanic Crust is _______________ than Continental crust

• The Asthenosphere is the second layer in which the crust “floats”

on. ____________________________________ (solid and liquid)

• The Mantle (magma) is liquid rock. ________________________

________________________________________________

• The Outer and Inner Cores consist of very dense material- The

_________________________________________

• The bottom 2 charts show relationships.

• The top chart shows the relationship between pressure and depth.

The bottom chart shows the relationship between temperature and depth.

Classwork – based on p 10

The Layers of the Earth (atmosphere)

The Atmosphere chart is on top of P. 14

1. What is the density of the continental crust? _________________2. What is the density of the oceanic crust? __________________3. Which one will go below the other it the other if the oceanic and

continental crust were to collide? _____________________4. What is the most dense layer of the Earth? __________________5. What it the temperature of the inner core? _________________6. What is the pressure of the inner core? ___________________

• The Earth also has layers that surround it. (___________________)

• These layers are formed by _______________________________.

• Those layers closest to the surface of the Earth are the _______________________________________.

• Those layers further away from the crust (or closest to outer space) _____________________________________

• Troposphere – _________________________________________ _______________________________________.

• Stratosphere – ________________________________________

• Mesosphere – __________________________________________

• Thermosphere – ________________________________________

Classwork – based on p 14

This chart also shows relationships

Temperature Zones – _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

Atmospheric Pressure– _______________________________________

Questions:

This chart also shows relationships

Temperature Zones – _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

Atmospheric Pressure– _______________________________________

1. What is the inferred pressure, in millions of atmospheres, in Earth's interior at a depth of 2900 kilometers?

A) 1.4 B) 9.9 C) 3.0 D) 4900

2. In which Earth layer does the pressure reach 3.5 million atmospheres?

A) crust B) stiffer mantleC) outer core D) inner core

3. At what approximate altitude in the atmosphere can stratospheric ozone be found?

A) 10 km B) 30 kmC) 70 km D) 100 km

4. Which temperature zone of Earth’s atmosphere contains the most water vapor?

A) mesosphere B) stratosphereC) thermosphere D) troposphere

5. In which two temperature zones of the atmosphere does the temperature increase with increasing altitude?

A) troposphere and stratosphereB) troposphere and mesosphereC) stratosphere and thermosphereD) mesosphere and thermosphere

6. An air temperature of 95ºC most often exists in which layer of the atmosphere?

A) troposphere B) stratosphereC) mesosphere D) thermosphere

7. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents zones of Earth’s interior, identified by letters A through E. The scale shows depths below Earth’s surface, measured in kilometers.

The Moho is a boundary located in zone

A) A B) B C) E D) D

8. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of Earth shown below. Letters B, C, and D represent layers of Earth. Letter Q represents a location on Earth's surface.

Which letter best represents Earth's mantle?A) Q B) B C) C D) D

9. The inferred temperature and pressure of Earth's interior at a depth of 3,000 kilometers are approximately

A) 1000°C and 0.5 million atmospheresB) 1000°C and 1.0 million atmospheresC) 5000°C and 1.5 million atmospheresD) 5000°C and 3.0 million atmospheres

10. Which graph best shows the range of density in each of Earth's layers?

11. What happens to the density and temperature of rock within Earth’s interior as depth increases?

A) density decreases and temperature decreasesB) density decreases and temperature increasesC) density increases and temperature increasesD) density increases and temperature decreases

12. What is the inferred temperature at the boundary between Earth’s stiffer mantle and outer core?

A) 2,500°C B) 4,500°CC) 5,000°C D) 6,200°C

13. When a continental crustal plate collides with an oceanic crustal plate, the continental crust is forced to move over the oceanic crust. What is the primary reason that the continental crust stays on top of the oceanic crust?A) Continental crust is less dense.

B) Continental crust deforms less easily.C) Continental crust melts at higher temperatures.D) Continental crust contains more mafic minerals.

Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the diagram below which represents Earth's interior zones.

14. Which graph best represents the relationship between depth below Earth's surface and density?

15. In which layer of Earth's interior is the inferred temperature 6,000°C?A) crust B) mantleC) outer core D) inner core