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Page 1: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research
Page 2: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

Mr. James D. StaleyPresident and CEORoadway GroupYellow Roadway CorporationAkron, OH

Mr. Michael S. CardPresidentCombined Transport, Inc.Central Point, OR

Mr. Edward B. CrowellPresidentGeorgia Motor Trucking Assoc.Atlanta, GA

Mr. Douglas G. DuncanPresident & CEOFedEx FreightMemphis, TN

Mr. Ludvik F. KociPresidentPenske Automotive ComponentsBloomfield Hills, MI

Mr. Gregory L. OwenHead Coach & CEOAbility-TriModal Transportation Services, Inc.Carson, CA

Mr. Donald J. SchneiderChairmanSchneider National, Inc.Green Bay, WI

Mr. William D. ZollarsChairman, President & CEOYellow Roadway CorporationOverland Park, KS

Ms. Rebecca M. BrewsterPresident and COOAmerican TransportationResearch InstituteAtlanta, GA

Honorable Bill GravesPresident and CEOAmerican Trucking AssociationsAlexandria, VA

Message From The ChairmanIt has been my privilege to serve as Chairman of theAmerican Transportation Research Institute Board ofDirectors since I was appointed in 2003. Theorganization, re-organized and re-energized by mycolleague Mike Wickham during his tenure as Chairman,is one whose reputation is solidly grounded in academicand scientific exploration of the issues facing our industry.

In 2003 ATRI was rewarded for that pursuit of excellence in the awarding of ITSAmerica’s Best of ITS Award for Research. The Electronic Supply Chain Manifest,for which ATRI was honored, is widely heralded for its role in improving securityand efficiency in cargo tracking across the supply chain.

Equally impressive is the work done by our Research Advisory Committee. As youcan see on the opposite page, this diverse group of individuals commit time andtalent to the formation of a Research Agenda that truly advances the safety andproductivity of freight transportation. As demonstrated by the priority researchidentified for 2004 – 2005, the RAC understands that safeguarding the industry’smost valuable asset, the commercial driver, is of utmost importance.

Perhaps no issue dominated our industry more in 2003 than the prospect of impendingregulatory changes to the commercial driver hours-of-service, the first such change inover 60 years. Again, with an eye toward safety and ensuring well rested drivers,the RAC ranked as its first priority a study of the safety and productivity impacts ofthe new hours-of-service (HOS). This research will commence in 2004 after thenew HOS are in place.

As Chairman, I hope to broaden the involvement of the industry in our research.ATRI’s success to date is due to the participation of industry stakeholders on ourBoard of Directors, the Research Advisory Committee and the numerous TechnicalWorking Groups associated with our individual research initiatives. Continuedfinancial support from the industry allows us to maintain and expand the public-private funding partnerships already in existence.

On behalf of the ATRI Board of Directors, I sincerely hope that, after reviewing themany accomplishments of the Institute, you too will commit to supporting ATRI,either financially or through your participation in our work.James D. StaleyChairman, ATRI Board of DirectorsPresident and CEORoadway GroupYellow Roadway Corporation

Board of Directors

Page 3: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

Mr. Michael S. Card, ChairmanCombined Transport, Inc.

Dr. Michael BelzerWayne State University

Mr. Thomas F. BoyleBoyle Transportation

Mr. Chris BurrussTennessee Trucking Association

Mr. Stephen F. CampbellCommercial Vehicle Safety Alliance

Mr. Michael ConynghamInternational Brotherhood of Teamsters

Mr. David M. CreerUtah Trucking Association

Dr. James J. EberhardtU.S. Department of Energy

Mr. Jeff HamiltonCummins, Inc.

Dr. Ronald R. KniplingVirginia Tech Transportation Institute

Mr. Pete MartinLakeville Motor Express

Mr. James E. O’NealO&S Trucking, Inc.

Mr. Robert G. PetrancostaCon-Way Transportation Services, Inc.

Dr. Mark R. RosekindAlertness Solutions

Mr. Marc SandsQUALCOMM Wireless Business Solutions

Dr. Danilo J. SantiniArgonne National Laboratory

Mr. William L. ShowenEaton Corporation

Mr. Skip YeakelVolvo Trucks North America

Research AdvisoryCommitteeThe Research Advisory Committee

ATRI’s Research Advisory Committee or RAC, is an integral part of thedevelopment of the Institute’s Research Agenda. Members of the RACmeet annually to review and deliberate on a proposed research agenda thatincludes work in each of the Institute’s focus areas:

� Safety and Human Factors� Technology and Innovation� Environmental Factors� Transportation Security� Economic Analysis

In addition to considering the researchproposed by the Institute’sprofessional staff, RAC members areencouraged to develop their ownproposals as a part of thedeliberations. At its Annual Meetingin August 2003, RAC memberswere responsible for submitting over athird of the proposals considered,including two that were eventuallydesignated as Top Priorities for 2004 –2005.

2004–2005 Research AgendaTop Priorities

• Safety and Productivity Impacts of New Hours-of-ServiceRules

• Safety Pilot Tests of Behavior-Based Driver Self-ManagementEnhanced by On-Board Monitoring

• Development of Driver Education Curricula for Sharing theRoad Safely

• Fatigue Management Best Practices Evaluation• Utilizing Truck Technologies to Maximize Transportation

Planning and Efficiency• Inland Port Security

“The ResearchAdvisory Commit-tee is the ideal mixof transportationscientists andpractitioners.Representing allfacets of govern-ment, academia

and industry, their cooperativeefforts result in a most compellingand responsive research agenda.”

Michael S. CardRAC ChairmanPresidentCombined Transport, Inc.

Page 4: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

National Hazardous Materials Field Operational TestThe terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the subsequent investigations elucidated a numberof vulnerabilities associated with the freight transportation system. In 2002, ATRI began workingclosely with several US DOT entities, technology vendors and the hazmat community to perform anational operational test to identify and defend these vulnerabilities. Several different suites ofcommercial off-the-shelf technologies were designed for identification, tracking, and managinghazmat movements. Among these technologies are terrestrial and satellite tracking, e-seals, panicbuttons, and on-board computers. Costs and benefits of these technologies to society as well asthe trucking industry are also being determined. The operational test will finish mid-2004, and final

results of the National Safety and Security Hazardous Materials Field Operational Test will be available in the last half of the year.

Effectiveness of Commercial Motor VehicleEnforcement StrategiesThe ultimate goal of commercial motor vehicle (CMV) enforcement is to reduce the number of CMV-involved crashes. In an effort to develop a predictive model (correlation-based) that identifies theunderlying factors related to truck crashes, ATRI has undertaken research examining therelationship between safety factors, their relationship to targeting likely crash situations, and theimpact that CMV enforcement activities have on reducing specific factor-related crashes. Theresearch proposes to identify the most effective enforcement strategies and quantify the potentialreduction in the number and severity of CMV crashes. Given the limited resources available for CMV enforcement at the state level, theimplications of this research will mean more focused enforcement that efficiently and effectively reduces the number of CMV crashes.

The Impact of Hours-of-Service on the Trucking IndustryThe first major revision to the commercial driver Hours-of-Service (HOS) rules in nearly 70 yearsbecame effective in 2004. The impacts of this change have important safety and economicimplications for the industry and the general public. For instance, will the new HOS deliver more well-rested drivers as intended, or will the requirements for off-duty time push drivers to squeeze morework into fewer hours, in effect creating more fatigued drivers? Furthermore, how will the new HOSimpact the supply chain?

What is needed is an objective analysis of the safety and productivity impacts of the new HOSversus the old to determine what the safest and most cost-effective combination of driving and rest is for commercial drivers. In 2004, ATRI willundertake this study so that regulators and carriers alike will have the scientific data on which to base future decisions regarding driver work/rest schedules.

Development of Idling Regulations CompendiumTruck drivers idle their vehicles at numerous points along the road; while waiting to make adelivery, stuck in congestion, breaking for a meal, or, when stopping to sleep. However,excessive vehicle idling can contribute to poor air quality. Furthermore, the fines for violatingidling regulations can be severe. It has become more and more difficult to keep abreast ofnew and revised idling regulations that exist at all jurisdiction levels.

To help drivers reduce idling and comply with idling regulations throughout the country, ATRIresearched and developed an Idling Regulations Compendium. The Compendium, which lists state and municipal idling regulationsincluding maximum limits and fines, contact information and code citations, is designed so that it can be printed, folded and convenientlykept by drivers. It can be found, free of charge, on ATRI’s website at www.atri-online.org.

Research Highlights

Page 5: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

Identifying Security Management Practices for Agriculture andFood TransportersThe agriculture & food transport (A&FT) sector of the trucking industry is complex in nature. At everypoint in the A&FT supply chain, trucks are in use – from farm fields to grain elevators and rail yards,from refineries and processing plants to manufacturing centers, from wholesale distributionwarehouses to retail centers and grocery stores. This supply chain presents myriad opportunities forterrorist interference.

In recognition of the risk to America’s foodstuffs, ATRI, in concert with the Agricultural and Food Transporters Conference and the United StatesDepartment of Agriculture, initiated research in 2003 to identify important information regarding security issues and concerns. ATRI’s survey ofag and food transporters nationwide will result in identification of the most vulnerable areas in this supply chain and an evaluation of the mostwidely used countermeasures to deal with those concerns. Once compiled, the survey results will be incorporated into a “Guidebook forIdentifying Security Management Practices in Ag and Food Commodity Transport.”

Reducing Truck Involvement in Work Zone Fatalities:Safety by DesignOne of the highest safety priorities for both Federal and state DOTs is the reduction of accidents and fatalitiesin and around highway work zones. Every year, thousands of accidents occur in areas where road constructionaffects traffic patterns. When CMV accidents occur in work zones, the consequences are multiplied severalfold. The level of large truck involvement in work zone-related accidents and fatalities ranges considerably,but one study indicates that large trucks are involved in up to 30% of work zone fatalities.

To date, most work zone safety initiatives have primarily focused on education and outreach to drivers. However, even with increasedawareness, it is evident that many work zone designs are not developed from the perspective of the CMV driver. Braking distances, line-of-sight, lane widths, turning radii and retro-reflective properties are all targeted towards automobile drivers.

To address this critical safety issue, ATRI is working closely with the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials onresearch to develop and recommend work zone design changes to better and more safely accommodate large trucks. ATRI’s study, Safetyby Design, will be available in 2004.

Analysis of Environmental and Fuel Saving BenefitsAssociated with Higher Productivity Vehicle ConfigurationsIt is estimated that more than 20 billion tons of freight will have to be moved on the U.S. transportationsystem by the year 2020, representing a nearly 70 percent increase over 1996 tonnage levels. Withtruck transportation accounting for the vast majority of shipments, significant growth in truck trips isexpected.

The challenge facing the U.S. transportation system is how to accommodate this growth while at the same time improving energyefficiency and reducing emissions. One option for addressing this challenge is to revise the operating weights for over-the-roadtrucks. Several states currently allow trucks to operate at gross vehicle weights greater than the 80,000 pound limit on the nationalInterstate System.

In 2003, ATRI and the Cummins, Inc. teamed up to investigate the energy and environmental impacts which result from operatingcommercial vehicles at weights equal to or greater than the federal limit. The results of this analysis, available in 2004, will provide acomparative estimate of the potential energy and environmental impacts from operating different vehicle configurations at variousweights.

Research Highlights

Page 6: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

CommunicationsATRI’s website, WWW.ATRI-ONLINE.ORG, servesas a focal point for delivering the researchmessage. Since its inception in 2002, the site hasaveraged over 70,000 hits a month. Among the

most frequently visitedpages are the IdlingRegulationsCompendium, the state-specific economic andstatistical data, and theresearch summaries. In2003, ATRI added asuggestion box whereindustry stakeholderscan submit researchideas for considerationby the ResearchAdvisory Committee.The site is currentlyundergoing a completeredesign to better reflectthe growing diversity ofATRI’s research portfolio.

“For the busy executive,ATRI’s one-page summariesare perfect for detailing theproblem being addressed,the research results and mostimportantly, the impact toyour business.”

Douglas G. DuncanPresident and CEOFedEx Freight

As a means for delivering research results in aconcise, readable format, ATRI’s one-pageresearch summaries continue to win fans amongmotor carriers and industry suppliers. In 2003, ATRIpublished four new one-page summaries, whichcan be found on the ATRI website or by contactingATRI at [email protected].

One-Page Research Summaries

Page 7: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

The Year In ReviewChange and growth can either make or break an organization. In 2003, ATRI leveraged both to become the preeminent source forindustry research.Change first. 2003 saw the retirement of ATRI’s founding Chairman, Michael Wickham, Chairman of Roadway Corporation. It wasMike’s vision that led to the creation of ATRI from its predecessor organization, the ATA Foundation. Having achieved his vision ofcreating an Institute focused on the most pressing of transportation concerns, Mike felt it was time to turn over the reins to newleadership. He was ably succeeded by James Staley, President and CEO of the Roadway Group of Yellow Roadway Corporation.Jim’s commitment to excellence is empowering the Institute to achieve even greater success.The year also meant growth for the Institute, both in human capital and in research potential. Research experts were added to theoffices in Minneapolis and Atlanta, expanding our base of knowledge in safety, technology and economic analysis. The Instituteembarked on several new research initiatives, both with longtime partners such as FMCSA and FHWA, and with some new partners,such as the USDA. We also delivered on our commitment to increase our portfolio of environmental research with new work on idlereduction and higher productivity vehicles.Looking ahead to 2004, ATRI will be focused on the scientific exploration of the impacts of the new Hours-of-Service, on thepublication of its recommendations for work zone design changes to better accommodate trucks, and on the release of results from ourlandmark study of fatigue management technologies.As always, we are grateful for the dedication of our Board of Directors whose leadership andcommitment is a model for both industry and research organizations. Likewise, the thoughtfuldeliberation provided by our Research Advisory Committee ensures that the industry is guaranteed aResearch Agenda responsive to its most critical concerns. Finally, we would not be able to accomplishwhat we do without the continuing support of the American Trucking Associations and the industryleaders listed here. Their financial commitment to our ongoing research program ensures the continuedviability of ATRI and the science we provide.

Rebecca M. BrewsterPresident and Chief Operating OfficerAmerican Transportation Research Institute

Ability-TriModal Transportation Services, Inc.Alabama Trucking AssociationArkansas Best CorporationArkansas Trucking AssociationCitiCapital Commercial CorporationColorado Motor Carriers AssociationCombined Transport, Inc.Cummins, Inc.Detroit Diesel CorporationEaton CorporationFedEx FreightGeorgia Motor Trucking AssociationThe Goodyear Tire and Rubber CompanyKansas Motor Carriers Association

Contributors

Kentucky Motor Transport AssociationLouisiana Motor Transport AssociationMaine Motor Transport AssociationMichelin North America, Inc.Minnesota Trucking AssociationMississippi Trucking AssociationMotor Transport Association of ConnecticutNorth Carolina Trucking AssociationOhio Trucking AssociationPennsylvania Motor Truck AssociationPenske Automotive ComponentsPitt Ohio Express, LLCRhode Island Trucking AssociationSchneider National, Inc.

South Carolina Trucking AssociationSoutheastern Freight LinesTennessee Trucking AssociationTexas Motor Transportation AssociationTrucking Association Executives Council, Region IIUSFreightways CorporationU.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.Virginia Trucking AssociationVolvo Trucks North America, Inc.Watkins Motor Lines, Inc.Wisconsin Motor Carriers AssociationWyoming Trucking AssociationYellow Roadway Corporation

ATRI would like to thank the following for their continued support of our ongoing research program.

Page 8: Mr. Douglas G. Duncantruckingresearch.org/research/results/stakeholder_2003.pdf · Eaton Corporation Mr. Skip Yeakel Volvo Trucks North America Research Advisory Committee The Research

2200 Mill Road, Alexandria, Virginia 22314(703)838-1966

Email: [email protected]: WWW.ATRI-ONLINE.ORG