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Prescott College

Design & Technology: Engineering

Year 8

Clock Design Folio

Investigate Stage

Name:

Class:

Year 8 D&T Engineering Clock Design Folio - Investigate

Project Context“Time is what stops everything from happening at once!” 1

Genesis 1:3, records the first statement that we know that God said when He commanded, “Let

there be light.” He separated the light, which He called “day”, from the darkness, which He called

“night”. In so doing, He created time. He did this on the first day; with the remainder of the

Creation then being described against a time line measured in “days”.

This emphasises that time is fundamental to everything. You can spend time, but you cannot

create it. You cannot stop time, though moments in time can be “frozen” and recorded.

Initial Project BriefBy monitoring trends on “www.onlinecrafts.com”2, you have determined that there is a market for

themed analogue wall clocks (i.e. clocks with a face and hands that have an image on the face).

Your task is to design and manufacture a clock to be sold in this manner.

In important factor is that the image or pattern on the face of the clock needs to be selected with

regard and respect for moral, ethical and cultural sensitivities and considerations. Failure to

conform to this may result in complaints being lodged with the website’s moderator, which would

result in your online store being withdrawn from the website. Similarly, legal and commercial

issues, specifically with respect to copyright of images, must be taken into account. Consequently,

you will be required to research and be aware of any issues or controversies associated with the

image that you select.

Your success and learning experience from this project will determine whether to make more of

these as a business venture. So, it would be beneficial to document the process that you follow so

that you may evaluate what is done effectively or ineffectively and determine what to repeat or do

differently with the next clock that you design and manufacture. You have determined that the

design and manufacture process will be performed in four basic stages, being: Investigation;

Design; Production; and Evaluation.

1 SI Units Explained n.d., Time, viewed 8 January 2017, <http://www.si-units-explained.info/time/#.WHHYpPl974Y>.

2 Not a real website!

Class: 1 Name:

http://www.si-units-explained.info/time/#.WHHYpPl974Y


InvestigateIn this stage of the Design Process, you gain knowledge about your product, including the

requirements that it must meet and some of the materials, techniques, tools and solutions that may

form a part of the final design of your specific product. You evaluate similar products done by

others and consider a number of different options, ideas and possibilities. The key word for this

stage is “maybe” as you do not make any decisions yet – that takes place in the Devise stage.

Factors That Affect DesignOne of the key objectives of the investigation phase of a project is to identify factors that affect the

design, including:

Who will use the item? Are there any associated moral or ethical considerations?

Where will the item be used?

What it might need to look like?

How it might be made?

What are the cautions and hazards that need to be considered?

The investigation stage is intended to consider many possible answers to the questions above, this

will frequently involve some form of brainstorming. Brainstorming can be done in a variety of

different ways, and the outcomes can be documented just as wide a variety of ways.

Task 1

Brainstorm factors that affect the design of themed analogue clocks. Document the outcomes

of your brainstorming using the table on the following pages.

Your work will be assessed against the following element of the Year 7 & 8 D&T Achievement

Standard.

I1Consideration of factors that impact on design decisions and the

technologies used to produce products, services and environments.

A B C D EIn-depth and sophisticated Perceptive Thoughtful Superficial Little

Class: 2 Name:


Who Where Themes Appearance (colours etc.) Moral or Ethical Cautions


Class: 3 Name:



Class: 4 Name:


Class: 5 Name:


Another of the key objectives of the investigation phase of a project is to identify materials that may

be used to make the product. Important facts about the materials that need to be determined

include:

What are the key properties? Consider (relevant) properties such as:

o Dimensions

o Hardness

o Flexibility

o Durability

o Workability

o Paintability – or other finishes as desired

o Joinability – glue, welding etc.

What might the material be useful for?

o Doors, tops. flat surfaces

o Joinery

o Everyday or high quality?

What skills, tools and facilities are needed to work with the material?

o Tools are important, but the ability to use them is equally important.

o Hand tools or power tools – consider size constraints

o How much space do you need?

What hazards and cautions do you need to be aware of? Typically:

o Dust

o Chemicals

o Fumes

o Environmental

Task 2

Consider materials that might be used to make your clock. Record your findings using the table

on the following pages.


Standard.




Class: 6 Name:


Class: 7 Name:


Material Key Properties Useful for: Skills, Tools & Facilities Hazards & Cautions

Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF)

Plywood

Solid wood (Pine)

Paint

Vinyl

Other: ...

Other: ...

Other: ...


Class: 9 Name:


Often, the design and manufacture of a product is determined by the tools and techniques that are

available, plus the manufacturer’s skill at using the tools to apply the techniques. Are some

activities made easier by selecting one tool or technique over another?

Some activities that will be required when making your clock are:

Cutting.

o Straight or curved cuts?

o Inside or outside cuts?

o Large or small pieces?

o Number of pieces?

Smoothing edges

o Straight or curved edges?

o Access to edge with tools?

o Large or small pieces / inside openings?

Painting and decorating

o Type of paint?

o Solid or graduated colours for each surface?

o Additional details on each surface?

An extension of this is the consideration of safety. Are all tools equally safe to use? Are there

some activities that are less safe than others, even when using the same tool?

Machine or hand tool?

Size of item – proximity of hand to blade / cutting edge?

Ability to safely hold item while working on it?

Task 3

Consider the capabilities and safety of tools that might be used while making your clock for

cutting curves and smoothing edges. Record your findings using the tables on the following

pages.


Standard.




Class: 10 Name:


Cutting curves

Tool Curve Radius Inside / Outside Curves Item Size Constraints Hazards & Cautions

Band Saw

Scroll Saw

Coping Saw

Smoothing edges

Tool Straight or Curved Edges Access to Edges Item Size Constraints Hazards & Cautions

Disc Sander

Files

Sand Paper

Class: 11 Name:


Similar Items“If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.” Isaac Newton 3

It has been said that there is no such thing as a truly original idea. Each “new” idea is simply an

extension or adaptation of something that has been done previously. If that is so, then it is a good

idea to look at similar items. As you consider other designs, you need to think in terms of:

Positive – features you consider to be good or that you like;

Negative – features you consider bad or that you dislike;

Improve – features that you would like to see improved or that you would like to change in

your design; and

Keep – features that you would like to keep or include in your design (Hint: you probably

will not be able to include every good idea that you see).

As you look at the features of other designs, you should be looking at the same factors that impact

your design that you have explored previously, i.e.:

Who this might be made for (if this is discernible)

Appearance and style

Materials

Techniques and associated skills required

Moral and ethical concerns

Cautions and hazards

It is sometimes useful to give an overall score to each item that you look at

Task 4

On the basis of assessing positive, negative, improve and keep, analyse:

1. The images provided below for use on a clock faces.

2. Three images or complete clocks that you find by looking at images on the Internet.


Standard.

I5 Collect, authenticate and interpret data to create and adapt design ideas

A B C D EDiscerning and

insightful Pertinent Sound Superficial Attempted

3 https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/i/isaacnewto135885.html

Class: 12 Name:

https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/i/isaacnewto135885.html


Image Positive Negative Improve Keep Rating

Class: 13 Name:


Image Positive Negative Improve Keep Rating

Class: 14 Name:


Class: 15 Name:


Criteria for Success“Begin with the end in mind.” Stephen Covey4

Just as every car journey has a destination, every project has objectives that define its success.

Some of the objectives for this clock project are defined in the initial brief – i.e. design and make an

analogue clock that has an image in its face; ensure the image is appropriate; and document the

design and manufacture process. While these objectives must be met for the project to be a

success, there are also other criteria for determining the success of a project. Some of these

criteria may be related to the information determined so far, e.g. material selections, while others

may be purely personal, e.g. developing proficiency at a new skill.

Task 5

In the space provided below, define criteria for success that include both:

Factors that affect the design, as per the information gathered thus far; and

Personal factors that will mean that the project is a success for you.


Standard.

Investigate 4 Development of criteria for success, including sustainability considerations.

A B C D EComprehensive and discerning Substantial Reasonable Superficial Attempted

4 https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/i/isaacnewto135885.html

Class: 16 Name:

https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/i/isaacnewto135885.html


Criteria for Success

Initial Project Brief

A themed analogue clock must be designed and made.

Image used on the face of the clock must be appropriate with respect to morals

(including SDA values) and ethics as well as legal and commercial issues.

The design and manufacture must be documented in the form of an IDPE design

process

Factors that affect design:

Personal success criteria

Class: 17 Name:


Design IdeasBefore commencing the process of designing the single solution that will be manufactured, it is

appropriate to create several design ideas, based on what you have determined thus far.

Typically, since the item being designed is meant to be unique, even when it is based on other,

similar items, it is best if these design ideas are quickly sketched with pertinent defining details

simply noted alongside.

When considering images, please determine which of the following categories they belong in:

Images that you have created or for which you own copyright;

Images that are not copyright protected;

Images that are copyright protected that you have a licence to use (e.g. Creative

Commons)

Images that are copyright protected that you do not have a licence to use (e.g. Logos and

Registered Trademarks)

Task 6

In the spaces provided below, document four design ideas showing:

The outline of the clock back;

The image, drawn into the intended position on the clock back;

Notes of details that characterise of define the design idea. Note that it may be particularly

useful to describe the colours of the clock back, the (parts of the) image surface and the

edges of both the back and the image.

You may not use images that are copyright protected unless you are licenced to use them.


Standard.

I5 Collect, authenticate and interpret data to create and adapt design ideas.

A B C D EDiscerning and sophisticated Substantial Reasonable Partial Attempted

Class: 18 Name:


Idea 1:

Notes:

Idea 2:

Notes:

Class: 19 Name:


Idea 3:

Notes:

Idea 4:

Notes:

Class: 20 Name:


AssessmentIn summary, this Investigate stage of the design process will be assessed using the criteria listed in

the table below. Take note that communication of information will be assessed throughout the

entire task, in addition to the specific investigation criteria for each task.

Task Assess A B C D E

1 I1 In-depth and sophisticated Perceptive Thoughtful Superficial Little



4 I5 Discerning and sophisticated Substantial Reasonable Partial Attempted

5 I4 Comprehensive and discerning Substantial Reasonable Superficial Attempted

6 I5 Discerning and sophisticated Substantial Reasonable Partial Attempted

All C1 Comprehensive and extensive Substantial Reasonable Some Minimal

Overall Excellent Accomplished Competent Developing Beginning

Class: 21 Name:

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