ASSIGNMENT OF MANANGEMENT PROCESS AND

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Assignment1) Importance of communication and ways of effective

communication in an organization.

ANS. Communication serves as a foundation for planning and organising,

promoting motivation, altering individual's attitudes and in socialisation. It can

be verbal or written such as emails, formal letters or memos. It is the basic

method through which humans interact.

IMPORTANCE:

1. Conflict is reduced. Most conflict is the result of misunderstood communication. When you become an effective communicator, you can resolve conflict and create harmony by bridging the communication gaps that create conflict. You can even use your skills to mediate conflict between other people.

2. Get more of what you want out of life. When you learn to communicate effectively in ways that people instinctively understand, they will be delighted to help you and provide you with the resources that you need to achieve your goals and dreams.

3. Have stronger relationships. Effective communication builds strong business and personal relationships because you learn to understand exactly what people want and how to give it to them. Learn to communicate your thoughts and emotions in ways that they instinctively understand at an unconscious level.

4. Help people  to adopt your ideas. Effective communication is not about "you" and getting what you want... it is about discovering what other people want and need and then adapting your presentation to match their needs. As you practice and develop your skills, you will find that people gladly adopt your ideas because you have subtly helped them to discover them for themselves rather than telling them about them.

5. People will like you better. Using effective communication will help you to understand other people better and when you understand them, you will relate to them better. When you relate better, people will like you.

Ways of effective communication in an organization.

1.  Use Multiple Channels for Organizational Communication – One of the most effective ways to ensure that people get your message is to send it across multiple channels.  Some of the more effective channels include meetings, face-to-face talks, e-mail, faxes, telephone conversations, bulletins, postings, and memos.  The key is to make sure you always employ multiple methods to disseminate your message, and never rely on a single channel.

2.  Make Important Messages Repetitive – In addition to using multiple channels, you can improve organizational communication by repeating important messages from time to time. 

3.  Focus on Listening – This is vital during individual (i.e., one-on-one) communication.  The biggest reason that most of us are poor listeners is that we don’t take the time to actively listen.  You can do this by utilizing reflective listening skills (paraphrasing what your speaking partner has said to confirm understanding), using good nonverbal behaviors and body posture (e.g., face your communication partner with an open stance), and focusing on your partner

by making a conscious effort to listen first instead of trying to get your message across first.  Do this by saying to yourself, “for the next three minutes, I am only going to listen”. 

4.  Get Your Message Across – After you listen and fully understand your communication partner, you must make sure you can get your message across in the exact way it is intended.  To do this, speak openly and honestly, and be as straightforward as possible (i.e., no “beating around the bush”); speak inclusively and use terms that will be understood and respected by a diverse array of individuals; and check for understanding to make sure your message has been received accurately.

5.  Handle Communication Problems – Finally, we must become more effective at managing the communication problems that will inevitably arise during human interaction.  Such problems include conflict, difficulty in resolving problems, misunderstandings, dealing with difficult people and managing cultural differences.  I will address these issues in future posts.

Assignment2) Find out the various ways which are used by

organizations in order to motivate the employees of the organization.

Take example and findings of at least one organization.

ANS. Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain a goal.

Motivation results from the interaction of both conscious and unconscious factors such as the (1) intensity of desire or need, (2) incentive or reward value of the goal, and (3) expectations of the individual and of his or her peers. These factors are the reasons one has for behaving a certain way. An example is a student that spends extra time studying for a test because he or she wants a better grade in the class.

One of the basic activities that lead Wal-Mart to successfully manage its people

is motivation. Motivating employees into the same culture is one of Sam’s

goals. Wal-Mart takes all of its effort to make employees feel like they are part

of the company because they are sources of new idea for Wal-Mart to develop

(Soderquist, 2005). Motivation is alive through all levels of positions at Wal-

Mart. This company motivates employees in many different ways in order to

prove that the company is not only care about profit they can gain from

employees but also employees’ crises. One of the facts proved about this

motivation is the used of term “association” instead of “employee”. Wal-Mart

had agreed with J.C Penny by referring the employees as associates because it

can make them feel more engagement with the company. After that, Sam had

suggested a new way of treating his associates by calling all levels of them by

their first name and displaying only the first name on the ID badge. Sooner,

from hourly associations to top managers or even the founder of the company is

calling each other by their first name only. Everyone in the company is getting

more involves by calling the other’s first name because it can create a family-

oriented business instead of boss-oriented one. Because of Sam’s belief that the

company was built by the people, Wal-Mart had renamed its human resource

department as a “people department.” Though, the word sound simple but it

touches people’s heart deeply. Moreover, people at Wal-Mart are full with

respect regardless of their position. Soderquist had told from his experience of

visiting the Wal-Mart store in Bartless, Tennessee. He was unbelievable to see

all associations and department managers had stood up with ovation to Gracie,

who was a cleaner lady of the store for many years (Soderquist, 2005). Beside

the way of treating people, Wal-Mart also encourage people through health care

benefit and financial benefit. All associations at Wal-Mart and their immediate

family can get a health insurance at a very low price which includes primary

doctor, pharmacies, vision, and dental. For financial benefit, Wal-Mart started

to share profit to its people in 1971. After that, Wal-Mart has enabled all

associations an access to own company’s shares by selling stock to them at a

discounted price and without brokerage fee. Wal-Mart also had implemented a

cash incentive plan for employees to get additional income depend on

company’s performance. Addition to these benefit plans, Wal-Mart also tries to

get involve with associations’ crisis directly and indirectly. The program called

door open which provides a direct access for all associations to express their

problems to the store manager and if the manager cannot find the solution the

next level of management such as supervisors, CEO, board of directors or even

Sam will be in charged. Wal-Mart also helps the associations’ crisis by hiring a

special psychologist team to counsel on their problems. As a result from all of

these motivations, Wal-Mart has created an exciting environment workplace

with respect, prospective, and value. Beside emotional motivation, Wal-Mart

also provides educational motivation via many training programs such as

technology, leadership, and management to all of it associates.