7/28/2019 Mpmc Introduction Booklet

1/8

BasicMPa

rchitecture

Fetch,decode,

execute.

PCincr

ement.

rArray

Instruction

Register

ALU

DataBus

AF,BC,

DE,HL,

SP,PC

Firstinstruction

isafetch

0000

Hfor8085

FFFF0Hfor8086,

8088

Registe

control

AddressBus

Control

Bus

many

more

What

isamicroc

omputersystem?

Blockdiagramofad

igitalcomputer

Blockdiagramofam

icrocomputersystem

Memory

Input

CPU

Output

Memory

Input

Microproces

sor

Outpu

t

7/28/2019 Mpmc Introduction Booklet

2/8

W

hatisamicroprocess

or?

Criteria

number

ofchips

datapath

address

space

CPUperformance

rce

Typesofm

icrprocessor

Application

Repro

grammablemicroproces

sors

embe

ddedmicroprocessorsandmicrocontrollers

Instructioncomplexity

CISC

RISC

8086

/8088

16-bit

microprocessor

2.5M

IPS

1MBofmemory

Asma

ll4-or6-byteinstructioncacheor

queue

Over20,000variatio

nsofinstructio

ns

ThepopularityoftheIntelfamilyensured

in198

1byIBM

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Intel4004

4bitmicroprocessor

4KBo

fmemory

45instructions

50KIPSKilo-instructionspersecon

d

Main

problems:

Spe

ed

wordwidth

me

morysize

Classesof

Computers

Whatisthedifferencebetween

main,mini,andmicro?

Thecapacityandperformance

oftheelectronicsusedto

implemettheir

build

ingblocksandtheresultin

goverallsystemcapacityand

perfo

rmance.

CPUperformance

n

instructio

per

c

ycles

clock

delays

package

logic

of

levels

e

switchtim

ci

rcuit

1

MIPS

TechDriven

Machine

Organization

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Micro

processorA

rchitecture

differen

tfromthearchitecturesoflargemain

frames?

Why?

OneorafewVLSIchips

VLSIenv

ironments

enstyperc

p

dies

ize----yield

featuresize---1.0micron,0.3micron

I/Opad

chip

cost

powerconsumption

prop

agationdelay

Histo

ry:4/4

2007-CurrentTheIntelXeonProcessor

5200,5

400,7400SeriesandIntelCore2

Process

orFamil

2008-CurrentTheIntelAtomProcessor

Family

2008-CurrentTheIntelCorei7Pro

cessor

Family

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History:3/4

2003-CurrentPentiumMProcessor

2005-2007

PentiumProcessor

Extreme

2006-2007

TheIntelCoreDu

oand

Intel

CoreSoloProcessors

2006-CurrentTheIntelXeonProcessor

5100,5300SeriesandIntelCore

2

Proce

ssorFamily

MicroprocessorGenerat

ions

Firstgen

eration:1971-78

Behindthepowercurve

(16-bit,100k

transistors)

FourthG

eneration:1990-

Archit

ecturalandperformanceleadership

(64-bit,>1Mtransistors,

Intel/A

MDtranslateintoRISCinternally)

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TheHistoryofInte

lsMicropro

cessors

Intel4004

1971,4-b

it

Intel8008

1972,8-b

it

OriginallydesignedforDatapointCorp.asaCRTdisplay

controller

Intel8080

1974,April-Altair8800,1975,M

ITS(256bytesofMem,$395)

AppleII--SteveJobsandSteveW

ozniak1976,Apple

BillGates

andafellowstudent:BASIC,1975-->Microso

ft

Intel8086/8088

1978,16

bit:8088,1979,8-bitexternalbus

IBMPC;

1981

29,000Trs

Histo

ry:2/4

1985

80386

32bitsdata

1989

80486

Con

tainingCoprocessor

1992

PentiumSuperscalarArchitec

hture

1995

Pro:4Instructionsaddedto386

1997

PentiumIIwith

MMXTechnolo

1998

PentiumIIXeo

n

1999

CeleronPPGA

1999

PentiumIII

20002006

Pentium4ProcessorFamily

2001-20

07

XeonPr

ocessor

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History:1/4

1971

4004

4bit,4K,50KIPS

1972

8008

8bit,16K

1974

4040

Like4004,Highe

rspeed

1974

8080

Like8008,64K,T

TL

pae

,

nsr.

1978

8086

Architecturefrom8080

1979

8088

1980

8087

Fl

oating-pointco

processor

1981

80286

extendedthe80

86(16M)

1stFully

Compatiblew

ithitspredece

ssor

TheHistoryofInte

lsMicropro

cessors

Intel8028

6

1982,16-bitarchitecture

24-bit

addressing,memoryprotectionandvirtualmemory

16MB

ofphysicalMEMand1

GBofvirtualmem

130,00

0Trsontoasinglechip

IBMPC/ATin1984,IBMPS/2Model50and60

Intel8038

6

1985,32bits

3~5M

IPS(7MIPSonthe25M

Hzchip)

memo

rypagingandenhanced

I/Opermissionfeature

s

4GBprogrammingmodel

Intel8048

6

1989S

pringCOMDEXshow->

1990June:actualrelease

1,200,000Trs

7/28/2019 Mpmc Introduction Booklet

8/8

TheHistoryofInte

lsMicropro

cessors

386+387+8Kdataandinstructioncache,pagingandMMU

Pentium

1993

110MIPSon66MhzChip

16KBon-c

hipcacheand64bitdata

bus

superscala

rtechnology(twoinstruct

ions/clock)

.

PentiumPro

1995,Superscalar(three-wayissue)

5.5million

TrsintheCPUcore+15.5

millionTrsintheseconda

rycache

8Kdata,8Kinstrcache

256KBSRAMsecondarycache

200SPECin

t92at133MHz

2.9V,0.6m

icronBICMOS

TheHistoryofInte

lsMicropro

cessors

Pentium

II

Pentiu

mPro+MMX,1

997

233,2

66,upto450MH

z

.m

on

rsn

512KB

insecondarycache