From Clicks To Code

Adam Bataran: Iron Mountain salesforce.com Boston User GroupAndrés Pérez: salesforce.com

Administrators

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Agenda

1. Visualforce & Apex

2. Developer Tools

3. Governor Limits

4. Code Coverage

5. Apex Samples

6. You can do it!

7. Final Thoughts

8. Questions & Answers

Who Are You?

Salesforce Administrators– Custom objects / fields, workflows, profiles / users, …

Some knowledge of programming– Java, C#, VB, PHP, Cobol, Pascal, Excel Macros (VBA),…

• Understand methods (functions), loops, conditions

• Have heard of OOP concepts (class, object, constructor, instance)

Querying databases– SELECT <fields> FROM <table>

Desire to create Visualforce and Apex code

Visualforce& Apex

What is Visualforce?

Tag based language (HTML, XML)

Display information

What is Apex?

Object-oriented programming language (C#, Java)

Process Information

Visualforce or Apex?

Both!

Visualforce

Apex

MVC Pattern?

Standard Controllers for Visualforce

Provides basic logic without writing Apex code!

Standard or custom objects

Easy access to record fields

Methods provided: save, quicksave, edit, delete, cancel, list

Extensions– Write Apex code If additional functionality desired

Access page by passing ID of record– Example: /apex/Demo001?id=001A000000M41di

Standalone Pages– Custom Tabs

– Wizards

Generate PDF files

Custom Components

Email Templates

Where can I use Visualforce?

Page Layout– Standard buttons

• Overriding actions

• Edit, Delete, …

– Custom buttons• Show Cases

– Embedded

Where can I use Apex?

Controllers and

Extensions– Visualforce pages or

components

Triggers– Advanced Workflows

for complex logic

Test Code

Advanced Users– Web Services

• Inbound

• Outbound

– Helper Classes

– Email Handlers

– Batch jobs

– Scheduled jobs

Developer Tools…

Browser Editor

Small changes

Quick fixes

Troubleshooting

Code must be

error free to

save!

Full Environment…

Force.com IDE– Eclipse

Imperfect code

saves locally

Also for

deployment

Deployment

Tools– Change Sets (beta)

– Force.com IDE

– Force.com Migration Tool• Advanced Users

Production

Sandbox

Governor Limits

Governor Limits

http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex_gov_limits.htm

Avoiding Common Governor Limits

Total number of records retrieved by SOQL queries

Total number of SOQL queries issued

Total number of DML statements issued

Avoid: Total number of records retrieved

Need: Select many records

Problem: Querying over 10K records

Solutions– Good: Use LIMIT to reduce number of records retrieved

– Better: Add filtering criteria.

Avoid: Total number of SOQL queries…

Need: Get parent and child records

Problem Querying child records per each parent

Solution:– Get all the accounts, then get all the contacts

– Only 2 queries!

Need: Query and update many records

Problem: Updating one record at a time

Solution:– DML should be done on lists, not single objects!

Loop

Avoid: Total number of DML statements…

Loop

Code Coverage

What is Code Coverage?

Apex code written to test other Apex code (aka “Unit Testing”)

Test Class– Contains all test methods for one class being tested

– @isTest

– Name should be <Class>Test

Test Methods– private static testmethod void _____()

Test Code: What should be covered?

Positive tests– “Must happen”

– Increment Account.TotalCases__c when case is created

Negative tests– “Can’t happen”

– Cases can’t be created if customer service has expired.

Aim to cover every “business use case”

Code Coverage Requirements for Deployment

At least 75% of all your Apex scripts must be covered

Each trigger must have some coverage (at least 1%)

Every test must complete successfully– Deployment: Tests are run in the destination!

– Possible configuration differences: • Validation Rules

• Workflows

• Triggers

Visualforce is not covered

How to Cover Custom Controllers?

Create instance class being tested

Invoke methods / properties

Use assert methods (Optional)

How to Cover Triggers?

Perform DML operation

Use assert methods (optional)

How to Cover Extensions?

Instantiate record

Instantiate ApexPages.StandardController

Instantiate extension

Invoke methods / properties

Visualforce

Apex Extension

ApexTest Method

I’m not reaching 75% !!!

No failures!– Every test must

complete successfully

What else to cover?– Click % value

– Results• Blue = Covered

• Red = Not covered

Apex Samples

Triggers

Signature– sObject

– Event type:• Before: Update or validate record values before being saved

• After: Invoke other tasks or access final field values

– DML Operation: insert, update, delete, …

Context Variables:– trigger.new: List of records processed

– trigger.oldMap: Access old values

SOQL Queries - Relationships

Relationships (going up)– SELECT Contact.Account.Name FROM Case

– SELECT MyContact__r.MyAccount__r.MyName__c FROM Case

Relationships (going down)– SELECT Name, (SELECT Name FROM Contacts) FROM Account

– SELECT ID, (SELECT ID FROM MyContacts__r) FROM Account

Filtering by other record IDs– SELECT Name FROM Account WHERE ID IN (SELECT AccountId

FROM Opportunity)

You Can Do It!

Adam Bataran Iron MountainSalesforce.com Boston User Group

Final Thoughts

Do not hard-code IDs

User IDSELECT ID FROM User WHERE UserName = 'admin@company.com'

Profile IDSELECT ID FROM Profile WHERE Name = 'System Administrator'

RecordType IDSELECT ID FROM RecordType WHERE Name = 'Maintenance' AND

sObjectType = 'Opportunity'

Indent Your Code!

Are you stuck?

Call Developer Support!

It will be easier to help you if…– Reproduce issue in Sandbox

– Salesforce.com Organization ID• Setup > Administration Setup > Company Profile > Company Information

– Login access to user with System Administrator • Make sure access is for at least a month

– We’ll never take that long…

– If issue is specific to them• Provide login access to both (user + admin)

– Provide full steps to reproduce issue• Include URLs for pages, records, fields, code, …

Next Steps…

Presentation & code in Dreamforce session page

Dreamforce– “Force.com Zone” ► Developer’s hideout

– Campground ► Training booth

Get a copy of the workbook– http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/workbook/index.ht

m

Obtain Developer ORG to learn code– http://developer.force.com

– Install sample code written for this session

Call Developer Support if you get stuck ;-)

References / Links

For this presentation– Visualforce

– Apex

– Governor Limits

– SOQL

– Workbook

– OOP Concepts (

wikipedia)

– Deployment

Portals– developer.force.com

– Community Boards

Training– Portal

– Developer

Salesforce Support– (415) 901-7010

Questions& Answers

Questions & Answers

Adam Bataran– Iron Mountain

– Salesforce.com Boston User Group

Andrés Pérez– Salesforce.com

D I S C O V E R

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S U C C E S S

Find us at the Customer Success Team area of Salesforce.com Campground at Moscone North

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From Clicks To Code

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