moving forward together 2009 ontario

7/31/2019 Moving Forward Together 2009 Ontario

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Moving

ForwardTogether

Building Better Relationships

Between Aboriginal People

and the Ontario Government

August 2009


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Aboriginal People in Ontario

According to 2006 Census data, Ontario has the largest

Aboriginal population in Canada.

An estimated 296,500 Aboriginal people live in Ontario,

representing 21 per cent of Canadas total Aboriginal

population.

In Ontario, Aboriginal people make up about two per cent of

the general population.

Those who identify themselves as First Nations or as havingFirst Nations ancestry make up 65 per cent of the Aboriginal

population; Mtis make up 30 per cent; and Inuit, 0.8 per

cent. Others, including those who identify with more than

one Aboriginal group and those who are registered members

of a First Nation but do not claim Aboriginal identity, make

up 3.5 per cent.

The Aboriginal population in Ontario is growing. While the

general population increased by 6.6 per cent between 2001

and 2006, the total Aboriginal population in Ontario grew by

28.7 per cent.

The increase in the Aboriginal population of Ontario may be

attributed to an increase in the birthrate and the number of

people identifying themselves as Aboriginal or as having

Aboriginal ancestry.

The First Nations population in Ontario increased by 20.4

per cent from 2001 to 2006.

The Mtis population in this province increased by 52 per

cent between 2001 and 2006. Again, this may be attributed

to more people identifying themselves as Mtis.

The Aboriginal population in Ontario is young. Approximately

27 per cent are 15 years or younger, compared to about 18

per cent in the rest of the population.

There are 133 First Nations communities in Ontario as

identified by the Chiefs of Ontario.

(Source: 2006 Census. Note that several First Nations chose not to

participate in this census and some were incompletely enumerated.

Additional information was obtained from Indian and Northern AffairsCanada and First Nations websites. The total Aboriginal population

includes an estimated 54,000 First Nations people who did not

participate in data collection by Statistics Canada.)

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Stronger Aboriginal Relationships

The province invests about $600 million annually on programs andservices for Aboriginal people through ministries across the Ontario

government. This includes investments in children and social

services, justice and policing initiatives, and education and training

programs.

In 2007, Ontario created the Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs to

develop, coordinate and manage constructive relationships with

Aboriginal people and organizations, both on and off reserves. We

also support Ontarios relationships with the federal government and

other provincial and territorial governments on Aboriginal matters.

Some of our activities include maintaining existing relationshiptables, exploring opportunities to create new relationship tables and

developing new ways to respond to disputes. What follows are some

examples of progress on the relationship front since June 2007.

Ipperwash Inquiry Priorities And Action CommitteeSince its establishment in spring 2008, the Ipperwash Inquiry

Priorities and Action Committee (IIPAC) has worked to prioritize

the recommendations from the Report of the Ipperwash Inquiry

in a way that will best meet the needs of First Nations people and

communities in Ontario. The committee, co-chaired by OntarioRegional Chief Angus Toulouse and Minister of Aboriginal Affairs

Brad Duguid, established six working groups on key priorities.

Recent government initiatives have stemmed from these priorities,

such as the launch of the New Relationship Fund, which helps build

capacity in Aboriginal communities. IIPAC is made up of First Nations

leadership from across the province and representatives from the

provincial and federal governments. The federal government

participates at the table as an observer.

Framework Agreement with Mtis Nation of OntarioTalks between the Ontario government and the Mtis Nation of

Ontario (MNO) resulted in the signing of an agreement recognizing

the unique history and ways of life of Mtis communities in Ontario.

This agreement, signed in November 2008, has set the course for a

new, collaborative relationship between the Ontario government and

the MNO. Working together, this agreement is intended to improve

the well-being of Mtis children, families and communities while

protecting and promoting the distinct culture, identity and heritage

of Mtis people. The agreement also encourages economic partnership

opportunities that recognize and respect Mtis traditions.

Anishinabek Nation Bilateral RoundtableDuring the Anishinabek Nation Special Chiefs Assembly in Chippewas

of the Thames First Nation in November 2008, Aboriginal Affairs

Minister Brad Duguid and Anishinabek Grand Council Chief John

Beaucage announced a Bilateral Roundtable Agreement between the

Ontario government and 42 First Nations communities in Ontario.

Through roundtable discussions based on mutual recognition,

respect, cooperation and responsibility, the Anishinabek table will

strengthen relationships and result in practical changes to improve

living conditions in First Nations communities.


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The Northern Table/Oski-Machiitawin(New Beginning)Ontario is continuing discussions with Nishnawbe Aski Nation

communities on a number of important issues through the Northern

Table process. This includes land use planning, parks and protected

areas and the development of a notification protocol for licences and

permits issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources.

Letter of Intent with Treaty 3 CommunitiesIn the fall of 2008, a letter of intent to build a new relationship

between the Ontario government and First Nations communities in

Treaty 3 territory was signed by Aboriginal Affairs Minister Brad

Duguid and Grand Council Treaty 3 Ogichidaakwe Diane M. Kelly. The

letter outlines a commitment to work together to address the socio-

economic issues affecting Treaty 3 communities in northwestern

Ontario. A one-time investment of $100,000 was provided to support

face-to-face meetings and relationship building opportunities with the

Ontario government.

Reading of Ojibway PrayerOn June 16, 2008, a traditional Ojibway prayer was included in the

opening ceremonies of the Ontario legislature. It was the first time

an Aboriginal prayer had been read in addition to the Lords Prayer.

The reading of this prayer was the first of a series of prayers from a

variety of faiths that will be read in the legislature on a rotational

basis in addition to the Lords Prayer.


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Improving Social Conditions

Whether on or off reserves, in rural or urban settings, servicesdesigned to diminish poverty and improve the health of Aboriginal

communities are a key priority of the government. The following

are some examples of this work:

Aboriginal Child WelfareEnsuring the safety and well-being of all children in the province is

essential for the Ontario government. The province is active through

programs operating across several ministries. In 2007-08, through

the Ministry of Children and Youth Services, First Nations communities

received $24.1 million for well-being and prevention services,

and six Aboriginal childrens aid societies received $99.2 millionto provide child protection services.

The government also provides $4.4 million in annual funding for

the Aboriginal Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Child Nutrition

Program. These programs are delivered through 18 Aboriginal

service providers to Aboriginal communities on and off reserves.

Culturally appropriate, community-based support is also being

provided to at-risk urban Aboriginal children, youth and their

families through a funding increase for the Akwe:go and Wasa-Nabin

urban Aboriginal programs. Among other initiatives, more than300 licensed off-reserve child care spaces for Aboriginal children

have been created.

Starting in 2008-09, the Ministry of Children and Youth Services is

providing about $194,000 in annual funding to the Ontario Federation

of Indian Friendship Centres to support Student Nutrition Programs

offered when Akwe:go and Wasa-Nabin programs take place.

In 2009, an additional $158,000 in one-time funding was providedto assist with program startup and equipment purchases.

Aboriginal Healing and Wellness StrategyThe Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care is investing in

community-based and culturally sensitive health programs for

Aboriginal people by contributing $26.5 million annually to the

Aboriginal Healing and Wellness Strategy. This includes supplemental

funding of about $2.4 million per year for physician and nurse

practitioner salaries, as well as a 2.25 per cent increase, beginning

in 2008-09, for 10 Aboriginal Health Access Centres.

Aboriginal Healthy Babies, Healthy ChildrenThis program is administered by the Aboriginal Healing and

Wellness Strategy Secretariat and provides culturally appropriate

services to Aboriginal families living on and off reserves. The

services are provided by a network of Aboriginal community

workers in 162 communities, with a total of 10,000 clients.

The program budget is $8.5 million.

Dialysis Clinic FundingThe province, in partnership with the Chronic Kidney Disease

Regional Program of St. Josephs Healthcare Hamilton and the

Six Nations of the Grand River, is investing in a 12-station dialysis

satellite program at the White Pines Wellness Centre. The Ministry

of Health and Long-Term Cares contribution of $1.6 million will

be used to establish the satellite clinic that will house the stations.

The program will initially open with six treatment stations.


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Sioux Lookout HospitalThe Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care is working inpartnership with the Sioux Lookout Meno Ya Win Health Centre,

28 First Nations and the federal and municipal governments to

develop a new First Nations Centre of Health Excellence in Sioux

Lookout. Together, the provincial and federal governments are

contributing almost $133.2 million to this state-of-the-art centre,

which is now under construction. This new centre will increase

access to health care for residents of Sioux Lookout and its

surrounding communities.

Community, Social and Friendship CentresThe Ontario government is improving the lives of Aboriginal people in

Ontario through the $14.7-million Aboriginal Community Capital

Grants Program (ACCGP) with investments in construction and

programming provided by community centres and friendship centres.

A recent example of this support is $750,000 in funding provided to

the Pikangikum First Nation to build a centre that will support its

work in promoting healthy lifestyles and providing skills training.

Provincial support, totalling $176,292, has been provided through

the Aboriginal Community Capital Grants Program to theKapuskasing Indian Friendship Centre resulting in expansion of that

facility. The centre now includes a daycare centre, a new program

for urban youth, a life-long care program for the elderly and

disabled and alternative education counselling services.

Neskantaga First Nation received $750,000 from the ACCGP tobuild the Neskantaga Social Services Centre. This facility now houses

social and community organizations once scattered throughout the

community, allowing it to offer programs and services in one

central location. Services include the Aboriginal Healthy Babies,

Healthy Children Program, child and family services and crisis

prevention programs.

Long-Term Care FacilityOneida Nation of the Thames held the grand opening of its new

64-bed Long-Term Care Centre in June 2008 and preparations are

underway to have the facility running at full capacity by the end of2009. The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care provided

$4.8 million for the construction and operating costs of this centre.

Off-Reserve Aboriginal HousingApproximately 80 per cent of Aboriginal people in this province

live off reserves. Memoranda of Understanding were signed by the

Ontario government and a number of Aboriginal partner organizations

to administer $80 million in housing programs for more than

800 low income, urban and rural off-reserve Aboriginal households

in Ontario. Housing support will be provided through new affordablerental units, home ownership loans and home repairs.


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Urban Aboriginal StrategyAs part of a $500,000 investment in the well-being of Aboriginalpeople living in urban areas, the Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs is

assisting the Toronto Aboriginal Social Services Association in its

research on the needs of Torontos Aboriginal community with a

$100,000 research grant. The results of this research will help

identify solutions that will improve the quality of life of Aboriginal

people living in Toronto. Recent work by the Urban Aboriginal Task

Force in Ontario identified Toronto as an important site for further

research that would complement the task forces 2007 study.

The Aboriginal Education StrategyIn January 2007, the Ontario government launched the Aboriginal

Education Strategy to support learning and achievement for

Aboriginal students. In addition, the strategy helps raise awareness

about First Nations, Mtis and Inuit cultures, histories and

perspectives in schools. The Ministry of Education invested $25

million in 2008-09 to support implementation of the Aboriginal

Education Strategy.

Native Studies and Languages

In 2007, the Ministry of Education introduced a $10.5 million grant:the First Nations, Mtis, and Inuit Education Supplement. In 2008-09

this amount increased by $5 million to more than $15.5 million.

The supplement provides dedicated funding for Native studies and

Native languages programs, as well as funding to support other

programs that assist Aboriginal students. Since the release of the

supplement, enrolment in Native language courses has increased

from 1,489 students in 2006-07 to 1,963 students in 2008-09.

Post-Secondary EducationThe government is committed to providing accessible, high-quality

education and training to Aboriginal people. The Ministry ofTraining, Colleges and Universities supports the success of

Aboriginal students enrolled in post-secondary institutions through

the Aboriginal Education and Training Strategy (AETS) and the

Access to Opportunities Strategy and extends support to Aboriginal

post-secondary institutions. Approximately 11,000 self-identified

Aboriginal post-secondary students are enrolled at colleges and

universities that currently receive funding through special

purpose grants.

Begiizhik Nahwegahbow, aged 10 one of six young writers to receive

the Aboriginal Youth Creative Writing Awards in 2008. The awards give

Aboriginal youth an opportunity to showcase outstanding writing and be

honoured at an awards ceremony in the Ontario legislature.


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In 2008-09, Ontario provided $24.4 million for Aboriginal post-secondary education and training, of which $15.4 million was

invested in post-secondary education and $9 million in training. The

funding includes the AETS ($8.1 million); specific Aboriginal

professional programs, including teacher education, aviation and

nursing ($1.3 million); and the Access to Opportunities Strategy for

new initiatives ($6 million). The purpose of this funding is to build

and improve access to post-secondary opportunities for Aboriginal

students and increase the number of Aboriginal graduates from

colleges, universities and Aboriginal institutions.

Community SafetyThe Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services is

working with First Nations, through the federal First Nations

Policing Policy (FNPP), to fund culturally appropriate policing for

First Nations communities. Service is provided by self-administered

First Nations police services (94 communities), by First Nations

officers administered jointly by the community and the Ontario

Provincial Police (OPP) (19 communities), or directly by the OPP

(21 communities). The ministry currently funds approximately

470 First Nations constables and supports operations and minor

capital projects, such as modular detachments.

The OPP established the stand-alone Aboriginal Policing Bureau in

September 2007 to strengthen relationships with First Nations

communities; provide support to First Nations policing; and ensure

an appropriate response to Aboriginal issues. The Aboriginal Policing

Bureau is making significant efforts to mentor and engage

Aboriginal youth and to expand educational initiatives for Native and

non-Native students.

Aboriginal Justice ServicesOntario is also working to improve access to, and to address theneeds of Aboriginal people within the justice system. An Aboriginal

Justice Strategy is being developed by the Ministry of the Attorney

General to enable strategic justice and community responses to these

challenges. The following are some examples of this work.

The ministry has created a $2-million Aboriginal Victims Support Grant

Program to offer one-time funding for community-building projects

that will address the needs and issues faced by Aboriginal victims.

The Ontario Aboriginal Courtworker Program works to facilitateaccess to justice by helping Aboriginal people understand rights,

responsibilities and options under the law, and how to obtain fair,

equitable and culturally sensitive treatment. It is delivered by 38

court workers serving 41 courts across Ontario and administered

through the Ontario Federation of Indian Friendship Centres and

Aboriginal Legal Services of Toronto. Ontario contributes $1.6

million of the $2.6 million cost of the program.

Alternatives to Custody programs for Aboriginal youth in conflict with

the law are also supported through a $1.6 million investment. These

programs are designed, implemented and operated by Aboriginal

community agencies to provide meaningful, culturally enriched

programming that focuses on prevention, diversion and rehabilitation.


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As a result of the Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Gladue,four Gladue Service Programs are being provided to courts in the

Greater Toronto Area, Hamilton-Brantford, Kitchener-Waterloo-

Guelph, London, Thunder Bay and Manitoulin District. These

programs include collecting and providing the court with information

about the historic and systemic factors experienced by Aboriginal

people, so that appropriate sentencing approaches are considered.

Community justice programs funding from the Ministry of the

Attorney General has increased by $600,000 to more than $1.4

million annually to help support 10 community justice programs

delivering services to 23 communities.

Ontarios correctional services continue to develop and expandprogramming designed specifically for those from Aboriginal

communities, as well as expanding spiritual facilities in correctional

institutions. Community Elders are available to inmates in all of the

provinces institutions; seven of Ontarios correctional institutions

have sweat lodges; and in 2006, Thunder Bay Correctional Centre

opened a Shkode-kaan. Links between correctional institutions and

First Nations communities are also being strengthened through

Native Inmate Liaison Services, Aboriginal Community Contracts,

Elders and Aboriginal Volunteer Recruitment.


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Strong and vibrant Aboriginal businesses benefit First Nations, Mtisand Inuit, as well as Ontario as a whole. These businesses, along with

the emerging Aboriginal market, a growing customer base and an

untapped pool of talent are all components of the Ontario economy

that the government works to promote. By working together,

communities, government and the private sector can create new,

sustainable industries, businesses and jobs that will support Aboriginal

people into the future. What follows are some examples of government

activities in this area.

Gaming Revenue Sharing Agreement

The Gaming Revenue Sharing Agreement signed by Chiefs acrossOntario will help provide greater economic sustainability for First

Nations communities. The agreement, worth more than $3 billion

over 25 years, draws on provincial gaming revenues and provides

long-term, stable revenue that First Nations can use to invest in

improvements in quality of life and to help strengthen communities.

Resource Benefits SharingThe Ontario government and Aboriginal partners are working together

to develop a province-wide plan to include Aboriginal communities in

the socio-economic benefits from natural resource development inOntario. Some of the benefits could include improved local economic

development opportunities, skills training and job creation for

Aboriginal communities. In April 2009, the Ontario government made

a financial commitment of $30 million toward the initiative to be

shared once a Resource Benefits Sharing plan is in place.

Far North Land Use Planning ProcessThe planning process for the Far North enshrines a new respect and

working relationship with First Nations through land use planning.

Community-based Land Use Plans will be led by First Nations working

jointly with the Ministry of Natural Resources and will require the

agreement of local First Nations. Land use planning will give First

Nations a greater say on the future of their communities and will

balance the social, environmental and economic interests of First

Nations and Ontario.

The proposed Far North Act, introduced in June 2009, would result

in a comprehensive land use strategy that would protect 225,000

square kilometres of the Far North Boreal Region. The region is

home to about 24,000 people, most of whom are Aboriginal, living

in 36 communities.

Economic Opportunity and Sustainability


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Modernization of the Mining ActOntario is modernizing its Mining Actto ensure that this legislationpromotes balanced, sustainable development that is respectful of

Aboriginal communities and private land holders, while supporting a

vibrant industry and competitive investment climate.

As part of its extensive consultation initiative, the Ministry of Northern

Development and Mines undertook a comprehensive approach to

engage the broadest possible cross-section of Aboriginal participation

and input. Approximately 100 First Nations participated in some

manner. This included:

15 workshops and regional sessions with First Nations

communities, Treaty organizations, Tribal Councils and the Mtis

Nation of Ontario;

11 individual community meetings; and

Support for an additional 12 community workshops hosted and

delivered by the Union of Ontario Indians.

Legislation was introduced in April 2009.

New Relationship Fund

Ontario is helping Aboriginal communities and organizations developthe capacity, skills and resources to effectively participate in meaningful

consultations with government and the private sector. Developed with

input from Aboriginal partners throughout the summer and fall of

2008, applications to the New Relationship Fund were first made

available that December. More than half of Ontarios $25 million

commitment to this fund has already reached Aboriginal communities

and organizations and will continue to flow throughout the summer

and fall of 2009.

Telecommunications ImprovementsSince 2007, the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, through

the Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation, has invested morethan $5.3 million to improve telecommunications infrastructure in

First Nations in northern Ontario. This investment includes:

$2.8 million in Keewaytinook Okimakanaks K-Net Services to

partner with remote First Nations across northern Ontario to

improve telecommunications;

$1 million to improve telecommunications for all remote First

Nations across the Nishnawabe Aski Nation (NAN) territory; and

The complexity and importance of Aboriginal issueshave outgrown the institutional arrangements dedicatedto them within the provincial government. Accordingly, Ihave recommended that the provincial government createa Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs, with a clear mandate andauthority, with its own minister and a seat at the cabinettable, and Deputy Minister, and its own budget.

Creating this ministry would go a long way towardensuring that Aboriginal issues receive the priorityand focus they deserve, and it would also herald acommitment by the province to a new constructiverelationship with Aboriginal People. The Honourable Sidney B. Linden on the public release of the

Report of the Ipperwash Inquiry


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$1.5 million to the Mushkegowuk Council for improvements tothe Western James Bay Telecom Network to bring high-speedInternet to communities along the western James Bay coast.

Transportation and AccessSafe and reliable access to First Nations communities is important tobuilding prosperity. Ontario is investing $546 million in 2008-09 toexpand and repair northern highways. In 2008-09, the governmentalso provided $4 million to build winter roads that link communities inOntarios Far North to the provincial highway and railway systems.

Ontario owns and operates 29 airports in Aboriginal communities. Theannual budget for maintenance and capital programs for 2008 wasmore than $9 million. These airports provide essential year-roundaccess to services such as health care, social services and fuel forelectric generators.

Business CentresAll across the province, the government is working in partnership withFirst Nations and Mtis communities to develop local economies andcentres of knowledge. As mentioned earlier in this report, since 2003,$14.7 million in capital grants have been provided to First Nations

communities to build or renovate community and business centres.Funding for feasibility studies and programming, with an eye toincreasing economic sustainability, has also been provided resulting in amarked increase in the level of business development.

Funding for the construction of the Tyendinaga Mohawk BusinessCentre, located near the City of Belleville, is one of many examplesof this type of support. Until the centre was built, more than100 independent businesses in the Bay of Quinte community werehaving difficulty finding new space for development. Now, new

businesses and potential business partnerships are being developed

between the First Nations and the surrounding communities of PrinceEdward County, Lennox and Addington.

Whitefeather Forest Land Use StrategyWorking in partnership, the Pikangikum First Nation, the Ministry ofNatural Resources and industry partners developed the Land UseStrategy for Whitefeather Forest. The strategy provides direction fornew protected areas, road access, resource-based tourism and forestmanagement for 1.3 million hectares and is an excellent example ofcollaborative planning for the future. Approval for other forestmanagement activities under the Environmental Assessment Actis

currently being sought.

The Bio-Economy and Renewable ResourcesOntario and Aboriginal communities are collaboratively exploringopportunities for involvement in the development of renewable energyprojects and in the emerging bio-economy. Examples include:

The Ministry of Natural Resources Site Release Policy forWaterpower Development, which provides concreteopportunities for Aboriginal communities to be involved in andderive benefits from local hydropower developments through

business-to-business relationships; The Ministry of Natural Resources new Forest Bio-Fibre

Allocation and Use Directive, which provides for priorityconsideration to natural resource allocation for projects involving

Aboriginal communities; and

The Green Energy and Green Economy Act, passed in May 2009,will facilitate the development of partnerships with Aboriginalcommunities for the development of renewable energy projectsand resources.


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Land Claims and Reconciliation

The resolution of land claims is primarily a federal responsibility.

Sometimes, the province has a role due to its involvement in the

historical events giving rise to claims, or because of the impact of

claims on the management of lands and natural resources in the

province. The provinces preferred approach to the resolution of land

claims is by negotiations combined with public consultation. Working

with Aboriginal communities, the federal government and

municipalities, the province strives to achieve enduring and

constructive solutions. We work to help create certainty over lands

and resources, reconcile interests on land issues and partner to

improve the land claim review and resolution process.

Land Claim Settlements and NegotiationsSince 2003, Ontario has signed seven agreements to settle land claimsand land-related issues at Hunters Point, Rainy River and Sand Point,

with the Lake Nipigon Ojibway, Michipicoten, Mohawks of the Bay of

Quinte (Turton Penn), and the Wahta Mohawks. Negotiations have

started with the Chapleau Cree and Chapleau Ojibway First Nations on

treaty land entitlement claims. A negotiations framework agreement

has been signed with the Stanijikoming First Nation and Canada to

work towards resolution of a treaty land entitlement claim.

Creation of New Reserve LandUnder the provisions of the Land and Larger Land Base Framework

Agreement, Ontario has transferred 1,270 hectares of provincial

Crown lands to the Government of Canada to create the Lake

Nipigon reserve. This new land base is located on the south shore of

Partridge Lake, approximately 2 hours northeast of Thunder Bay.

This agreement was put in place to address the circumstances of

First Nations with small reserves or no reserve land. It is a good

example of how establishing reserve land can stimulate economic

development and, in this instance, is helping to build a brighterfuture for the Animbiigoo Zaagiigan Anishinaabek First Nation.

Children riding their bikes along the Albany River in Kashechewan First

Nation near James Bay.


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Plans for Ipperwash ParkThe process of transferring Ipperwash park ownership to theChippewas of Kettle and Stony Point First Nation discussed in the

Ipperwash Inquiry report has started and negotiations on the

future use of the park are well underway. A framework agreement

signed by the Government of Ontario and the First Nation on May

28, 2009 marked real progress toward this goal.

A joint Ipperwash Park Resolution Table has been formed with the

First Nation to develop a plan with the local community for how the

land will be used and managed until the transfer of the park is

complete.

Sam George, who passed away in June 2009, with Minister Brad Duguid

at the dedication of the Sam George Resource Library at the Ministry of

Aboriginal Affairs in November 2008. Mr. George was an Aboriginal activistwhose 10-year fight for justice resulted in an inquiry into the death of his

brother Dudley at Ipperwash Provincial Park. Mr. George was invested into

the Order of Ontario.


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Chippewas of the Thames

AldervilleMississaugas

of Scugog Island

Kashechewan

Chapleau CreeBrunswick HouseChapleau Ojibwe

Aroland

Chippewas of Kettle & Stony Point

Aamjiwnaang

Wahnapitae

Wapekeka

Wahta Mohawks

Curve Lake

HiawathaChippewas

of GeorginaIsland

Munsee-Delaware

Beaverhouse

Mocreebec

Whitewater Lake

Koocheching

Namaygoosisagagun

Missanabie Cree

Fort Albany

Eabametoong

KeewaywinWebequie

Ojibways of Garden River

Caldwell

Moose Cree

Wahgoshig

Kitchenuhmaykoosib InninuwugBearskin Lake

Marten Falls

North Caribou Lake

Kasabonika Lake

Flying Post

Fort William

Nipissing

Wunnumin Lake

Mattagami

Weenusk

Wawakapewin

Fort Severn

Ginoogaming

MichipicotenMatachewan

Mishkeegogamang

Seine River

Sachigo Lake

Sandy Lake

Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek

Saugeen

Constance Lake

Deer Lake

Oneida of the Thames

North Spirit Lake

Delaware

Muskrat Dam

Cat Lake

Nibinamik

Poplar HillNeskantaga

Lac Des Mille Lacs

Pikangikum

Mohawks of Akwesasne

Six Nations of the Grand River Territory

Algonquins of Pikwakanagan

Whitesand

Bkejwanong Territory

Temagami

Ojibways of Pic River

Red Rock

TaykwaTagamou

Pays Plat

Hornepayne

Attawapiskat

Ojibways of Batchewana

Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan AnishinaabekBiinjitiwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek

Bingwi Neyaashi Anishinaabek

Lac La Croix

Kingfisher Lake

Mississaugas of the New Credit

Long Lake #58

Pic Mobert

MacDowell Lake

Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte

Slate Falls

Chippewas of Rama

Rainy River

Lac Seul

Eagle LakeWauzhushk Onigum

Wabigoon

Wabauskang

Northwest Angle #33

Ochiichagwe'Babigo'ining

Big Grassy

Naicatchewenin

Grassy Narrows

Obashkaandagaang

Couchiching

Naotkamegwanning Anishinabe

Nigigoonsiminikaaning

Shoal Lake #40

Wabaseemoong

Ojibways of Onigaming

Northwest Angle #37

Iskatewizaagegan #39

Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing

Stanjikoming

Atikameksheng Anishnawbek

Dokis

Wikwemikong Unceded

Sagamok AnishnawbekMississauga #8

Henvey Inlet

Serpent River

Chippewas of Nawash Unceded

Chippewas of Saugeen

Whitefish River

Beausoleil

Magnetawan

Shawanaga

Sheshegwaning

Wasauksing

Thessalon

M'ChigeengSheguiandah

Aundeck Omni Kaning

Moose Deer Point

Zhiibaahaasing

0 240 480 720 960120 Kilometres

First Nations

in Ontario

INSETA

INSETA

INSET B

INSET B

The above map shows the locations of First Nations in Ontario.The information contained in this map has been compiled fromvarious sources and includes First Nations not defined as a Bandwithin the meaning of the Indian Act. The map is provided as ageneral visual aid only and should not be used or interpreted as a

representation of the boundaries of First Nations reserves or acomplete list of First Nations. The Government of Ontario accepts

no responsibility or liability for any errors, inaccuracies and/oromissions in this data.


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Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs160 Bloor Street EastToronto, Ontario, CanadaM7A 2E6

www.ontario.ca/aboriginal

ISBN 978-1-4249-9583-7 (Print)

ISBN 978-1-4249-9584-4 (HTML)

ISBN 978-1-4249-9585-1 (PDF)

Jeremiah Mason, Aboriginal Artist

Jeremiah Mason is Oji-Cree from

Kee-way-win First Nation in northern

Ontario and currently lives in London,Ontario. He comes from the

Kakepetum/Mason family and is

of the Wolf Clan.

Jeremiah started drawing and painting at a young

age, working mainly with black acrylic ink on cold

press paper. Over the years, he has incorporated

colours into his art that represent the earth, sky,

sun and moon. Jeremiah credits his uncle, and other

family members who are artists, as his inspiration.

This painting represents cooperation, unity, direction

and time. The four main colours red, yellow, black

and white represent unity. The faces represent

cooperation or the idea of people working together

with one mind to achieve a goal. The feathers

represent the four directions: north, south, east and

west. The circle of sweetgrass represents time the

direction in which life flows.

moving forward together 2009 ontario

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