movement across the membrane
DESCRIPTION
Movement Across the Membrane. Active and Passive. Diffusion. is the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of less concentration Diffusion Animation Click to remove the lid to see the spontaneous movement. Concentration Gradient. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Movement Across the Membrane
Active and Passive
![Page 2: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Diffusion
is the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of less concentration
Diffusion Animation Click to remove the lid to see the spontaneous movement
![Page 3: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Concentration Gradient
Movement of molecules from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration
![Page 4: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Movement
Passive Transport
No energy by the cell– Diffusion– Osmosis– Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Energy by the cell– active pumps
![Page 5: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Semipermeable Membranes
allow some things to pass through them but prevent other things from passing through.
![Page 6: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Which way will the water go?
Impermeable= = permeable
![Page 7: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
OSMOSIS
Is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
Diffusion and Osmosis Animations
![Page 8: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Semipermeable to what?
Will Allow
oxygen water Carbon Dioxide Ammonia glucose, amino-acids
Will NOT Allow
larger molecules like
Sucrose Starch protein
Move freely
![Page 9: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Selectively Permeable
![Page 10: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Osmosis Animation
Osmosis DemonstrationWhat is happening to the Water?
(blue)What is the difference between the
dissolved substances red and green?
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Types of Solutions
Isotonic: The solutions being compared have equal concentration of solutes.
Hypertonic: The solution with the higher concentration of solutes.
Hypotonic: The solution with the lower concentration of solutes.
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Types of Solutions
Isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions animations
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DO WORKSHEET OF Red Blood Cells
(Drop Cell into solution animation) and Osmometer, then click on this animation Osmometer en Francais (refer to worksheet)
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With Red Blood Cells
Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
![Page 15: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Osmosis Animation
Osmosis Animation Click to view movies, replay
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Some Common Examples of Osmosis
Absorption of water by plant roots. Reabsorption of water by the proximal and
distal convoluted tubules of the nephron. Reabsorption of tissue fluid into the venule
ends of the blood capillaries. Absorption of water by the alimentary canal
— stomach, small intestine and the colon.
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Equilibrium
No Net change in the flow of water in and out
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Elodea (Anacharus)
Common Aquarium Plant
Leaves are one cell thick
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Cell Wall Permeability
The cell wall, although strong and rigid, is completely permeable to water and dissolved minerals.
Most green plants do not have woody stems to hold them up, but depend on
cell turgor - the stiffness given to cell walls by being full of water - to give them rigidity.
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Unlike animal cells, plant cell have a cellulose cell wall surrounding the cell membrane
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Turgid vs. Flaccid
The turgid cells in turn press against the packing tissue or cortex of the plant stem - giving stiffness to the stem and holding the plant upright.
As the cells lose water their internal pressure drops and they lose shape, becoming flaccid. The plant will droop and wilt.
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Stained Water Vacuoles
Turgid Plant Cells Flaccid Plant Cells (or plasmolysed)
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Elodea
![Page 24: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Osmosis in Elodea
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Were you right?
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Passive Transport
Does not require energy
![Page 28: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
No Energy Required
![Page 29: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Facilitated Diffusion
![Page 30: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Facilitated Diffusion
Protein Channels that allow specific substances to pass through
carrier protein for glucose
can also be other channels for ions
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Active Transport
Molecules moved across the membrane “against the gradient” (from low concentration to high concentration)
This requires the cell to expend energy
Active Transport Animation
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Active Transport(against the gradient)-Lo to Hi Concentration
Fewer on outside
More on inside, but will move in
Uses Energy
![Page 33: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Sodium Potassium Pump
Sodium Potassium Pump and Proton Pump animations
NOTE THAT THESE ARE EXAMPLES OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT (require the cell to use ATP)
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Contrast
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Endocytosis/exocytosis
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Endocytosis
Bringing food in by pinching off the membrane
![Page 37: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Phagocytosis
![Page 38: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Pinocytosis
Cell engulfs small, liquid molecules.
![Page 39: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Receptor Mediated
Macromolecules bind to receptors on the surface of the cell.
Receptors with bound macromolecules aggregate in one area and are brought
into the cell by endocytosis.
![Page 40: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Exocytosis
Pinching off the membrane to remove wastes “Cell pooping”
Exocytosis Animation
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REVIEW ANIMATIONS
Transport Across Membrane Animations
Excellent Endo and Exo Video Clips
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REVIEW PICTURES
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT QUIZ
![Page 43: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
What is this?
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What type of membrane transport?
![Page 45: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
What is this showing?
![Page 46: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Why is the water moving in?
![Page 47: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Why is the water moving out?
![Page 48: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Will the water in the cell in the diagram at left flow out, in, or in and out equally?
![Page 49: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
What has happened to this cell?
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What is this called?
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What is this called?
![Page 52: Movement Across the Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013112/56815b64550346895dc9524a/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
As Osmosis Jones Would Say
Keep Moving!