motivation_171.ppt

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Management FundamentalsManagement FundamentalsConcepts, Applications, Skills DevelopmentConcepts, Applications, Skills Development

MotivatingMotivating

12 A


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Self-FulfillingSe -Fu ng

ProphecyProphecyEmployees

will live upto or down

to theirown

expectation 12-1


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Per ormanceer ormance

FormulaFormulaAbility x motivation xresources

=PerformancePerformance

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Major Motivation TheoriesMajor Motivation Theories

Classification ofMotivation

Theories

1.Content of motivationtheories

2.Process motivation

theories

3.Reinforcement theory

Specific MotivationTheory

a. Hierarchy of needstheory

b. ERG theoryc. Two-factor theoryd. Acquired needs

theory

a. Equity theoryb. Goal-setting theoryc. Expectancy theory

Type of Reinforcement

a. Positiveb. Avoidance12-3


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Self-Actualization

Esteem

Social

Safety

Physiological

Hierarchy of Needs TheoryHierarchy of Needs Theory

12-4

i d d


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Acquired NeedsAcquired Needs

TheoryTheoryAffiliationAffiliation

PowerPowerAchievementAchievement

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A Comparison ofA Comparison of

Four Content MotivationFour Content Motivation

TheoriesTheoriesHierarchy of

Needs(Maslow)

ERG Theory(Alderfer)

Two-FactorTheory

(Herzberg)

Acquired NeedsTheory

(McClelland)Achievement and

PowerAchievement and

PowerAffiliationNot classifiedNot classified

Motivating needs

are developedthroughexperience.

Motivators

Motivators

MaintenanceMaintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

factors will notmotivateemployees.

Growth

Growth

RelatednessExistence

Existence

Unmet needs can

be at any levelsimultaneously.

Self-

Actualization

EsteemSocial

Safety

Physiological

Needs must bemet in ahierarchy order.

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u y

TheoryTheory

=Others input

(contributions)

Others outcomes

(rewards)

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Our inputs(contributions)

=Our outcomes

(rewards)

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ExpectancyExpectancy

TheoryTheoryProposes that

employees are

motivatedwhen theybelieve theycan accomplishthe task andthe rewards fordoing so are

worth the 12-8

EE


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ExpectancyExpectancy

TheoryTheoryExpectancy XX

Valence =

MotivationMotivation

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Clearobjectives

Performancetied to

rewards

44ConditionsConditions

forforExpectancy TheoryExpectancy Theory

Rewardshave

value

Employeebelieve

you

12-10

t


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e n orcemente n orcemen

TheoryTheory

Through theconsequences

for behavior,employeeswill be

motivated tobehave inpredetermine

d ways. 12-11


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Avoidance

Extinction

PositivePunishme

nt

44

Types ofTypes ofReinforcementReinforcement

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Giving PraiseGiving Praise

1. Tell theemployeeexactlywhatwas donecorrectly.

Planning

Leading

Organizing

Controlling

2. Tell theemployeewhy thebehavioris

important

.

3. Stop

for amomentofsilence.

4.Encourage repeatperformance

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1. Need1. Need(Unmet need or want to be satisfied

at work)

Content Motivation Theories

Hierarchy of Needs Theory

ERG Theory

Two-Factor Theory

Acquired Needs Theory

2. Motive2. Motive(Selecting behavior to satisfy need)

Process Motivation Theories

Equity Theory

Goal-Setting TheoryEx ectanc Theor

The Motivation ProcessThe Motivation Processwith the Motivationwith the Motivation

TheoriesTheories

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(continued)

3. Behavior(Employee action to satisfy need)

4. Consequence(Manager behavior and/or natural

outcome of employee action)

Reinforcement Theory

5. Satisfaction orDissatisfaction

(The degree to which the need is metand for how long before

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motivation_171.ppt

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