Air Science Policy Forum Farmleigh House, Phoenix Park Dublin, Ireland

Monday, 15th April 2013

Luke Clancy TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland

Motivation for Action

The Irish Smog and Smokefree

Luke Clancy

Dublin 1982 Case Fatality Rates

Kelly I. and Clancy Luke, Irish Medical Journal; 77:10: 322-324. 1984

CF

R

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Jan '80 Jan '81 Jan '82 Jan '83

Date

DUBLIN 1982

• The SMOG event was associated with a cold spell of weather with a temperature inversion

• This event was 30 years after the infamous London 1952 episode.

Oct 1985

Conclusions

• Air quality in Dublin is not the problem some commentators would have us believe.

• The cost of the introduction of a smokeless zone policy could involve the expenditure of £180,000,000.

• The scientific evidence about the effects of

smokeless zones on Dublin’s air quality is most uncertain as the basic research has yet to be carried out - no Urban Air Pollution Dispersion Model exists for Dublin.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In compiling this casebook we wish to gratefully acknowledge the contributions made by the following

people and organisations

Geoffrey J Bourke. M.D, F.R.C.P.I., Professor of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, University College Dublin. Frank J Convery. Heritage Trust, Professor of Environmental Studies, University College Dublin. W.J.R. Couchman. F.R.S.H., F.I.D.H.E., Couchman & Associates, Consulting Engineers Foxrock, Co. Dublin. John Kelly. B.E., Ph.D., Dean of faculty of engineering and Architecture, University College Dublin. Hugh Munro. B.E.C. Eng., F.I.E.I, F.C.I.B.S., Consulting Engineering, 56 Tritonville Road, Dublin 4. Peter Strabaneck. Ph.D, Lecturer in Community Medicine, Trinity College Dublin. National Coal Board, London and Glasgow.

Effect of air-pollution control on death rates in Dublin, Ireland: an intervention study.

• Clancy L, Goodman P, Sinclair H, Dockery DW. Lancet. 2002 Oct 19;360(9341):1210-4.

Dublin

Black Smoke Pre-ban mean= 50 µg/m3 Post-ban mean= 15 µg/m3 - 71% change (p<0.0001)

Clancy et al, Lancet 2002

SO2 Pre-ban mean = 33 µg/m3 Post-ban mean = 22 µg/m3 -34% change (p<0.0001

Dublin Intervention Study. Effect on mortality rates. Clancy et al, Lancet 2002

Smokfree

Result: Average PM2.5 Levels

35.5

5.8

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

Mic

rog

ram

s/m

3

Pre Ban Post Ban

Time of Monitoring

Average PM2.5 Levels (42 pubs)

Pre Ban Range: 3.2 to 315.1 (gm-3)

Post Ban Range:21.4 to 0.6 (gm-3)

Result: Benzene Levels

18.75

3.72

0

5

10

15

20

Micrograms/

m3

Pre Ban Post Ban

Time of Monitoring

Benzene Levels (26 pubs)

Pre Ban Range: 9 to 78.7 (gm-3) Post Ban Range:0.88 to 7.54 (gm-3)

Reductions in Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Respiratory Mortality Following the National Irish Smoking Ban: Interrupted Time-Series Analysis

Sericea Stallings-Smith, MPH1 Ariana Zeka, ScD1 Pat

Goodman, PhD2,3 Zubair Kabir, MD4,Luke Clancy, MD3

1.Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, London, UK

2.Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland

3.TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, The Digital Depot, Thomas Street, Dublin 8, Ireland

4.Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Western Road, University College Cork,

Ireland

http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062063

Motivations for Action

• Professor Luke Clancy TFRI ,DG • The Irish Smog and Smokefree

• Marie-Eve Héroux WHO Regional office for Europe

• Recent developments in Air and Health

• Professor Arden Pope Brigham Young University, USA

• The US Perspective on addressing future air quality challenges

• Dr. Daan Swart RIVM, head air quality monitoring network Netherlands

• Innovation in Air Quality Monitoring – ISPEX Citizen-Science Event

• Dr. Frank Dentener JRC Europe and Co-Chair of HTAP

• Hemispheric Ozone and Cooperation

• Annika Markovic Swedish Ambassador for the Environment

• Synergies, co-benefits and tensions of clean air policies

• Dr. Mark Sutton Chair of TFRN

• The Nitrogen Issue

• Ton Manders Deputy Head of Climate, Air and Energy at PBL Netherlands

• The economics of air quality and associated policy responses