Motivating the Civil Engineering Students with Recent

Developments and Future Scope in Civil Engineering

Dr. V. JothiprakashAssociate Professor

Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology Bombay

Powai, Mumbai 400076vprakash@iitb.ac.in

Contents• Introduction/Education

• Myth?? About education

• Why we need to study??

• Five key ingredients of student Motivation

• Student- teacher-relationship

• What to study?

• Civil Engineering

• Eight steps to become a successful civil engineer

• Questions in the MIND of a student?

• Important subjects in Civil Engineering

• What you will have if you are a motivated student????

• Present Status of Civil Engineering

• Expected Salary of a Successful Civil Engineer

• Future of Civil Engineering

• How a knowledge should be?

What is education?

Education is like a light, which removes a person’s unknown and

makes his/her vision brighter.

So that he/she can see and communicate with the outer world.

Education transforms a person from “unknown knowledge” to “known

knowledge”

The Teachers

JOB

Myth?? About education

• Highest education will give you highest paid job.

------Never think like this?

• But –Education Pays accordingly to a person who understood it accordingly.– Never mind the level of education

Why we need to study??

• Everybody wants to communicate with others and see the world through their eyes.

• Everybody wants to stand on their own legs. - Everybody wants to live an independent life.

Five key ingredients of student Motivation

• Motivation is to improve learning

– Students– Teachers– Content– Methods/process– Environment

STUDENTS

• You can take the horse to water tub, but we cannot make it to drink - ???– Better to be a monkey eating a banana???

• You cannot push any one up the ladder unless he/her is willing to climb him/herself – Robert Schuller

Contd…(Ref. 1 to 5 )

• Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation• Individual and Social factors• Hierarchy needs• Efficient use of time and energy• Focus and purposeful work• Achievement• Public speaking and competence• Study time and habits• Class attendance• Long-range educational plan

How pupil study?- part 1(based on motivation)

• White Phosphorus – Glows when exposed to oxygen

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus

• That is a person/student, who learns by himself….SELF MOTIVATED

• He may the creator / person from whom a particular subject starts.

How pupil study?- part 1 (based on motivation)

• Petrol – need a spark to produce energy

• A student / person, who gets motivated from an hour inspiring speech

• A student / person, who gets motivated by visiting place of worship / person of worship

How pupil study?- part 1 (based on motivation)

• Camphor – need a light ’er to produce energy

• A student / person, who gets motivated by attending a week training program, or a course of training.

How pupil study?- part 1 (based on motivation)

• Coal – need sustained effort?

• A student / person, who attends a longer period of teaching to get motivated – a semester or a year???

• In this case: The teacher has to do lot of things – but once motivated (caught fire), it will be there in their entire life (fire will be there until the coal become ashes)

How pupil study?- part 1 (based on motivation)

• Banana leaf – it cannot catch fire- it is a fire resister

• Energy observers- banana leaves are used as natural plate to eat - which brings the hot food stuff kept in it to room temperature, very quickly- quicker than steel and other plates- so that eating person will not feel the heat of the foodstuff.

• Medically- the third degree wounded fire victims are laid on banana leaves to bring down the body temperature, gained due to fire accident.

• It is very difficult to motivate this type of student- the motivator (the teacher) may loose interest in the subject.

• The banana leaves can catch fire only when it is dried? The student/person who gains motivation by hard and fast rule belongs to this category.

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

1. Swan AA

• A student who studies and digest only good things (like a swan drinks only milk even if it is mixed with water)

(But a swan wad always in search of food – a student who is always in search of knowledge)

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

2. CowAB

• A student/person who grasps all but digest only good things

(Like a cow, grasp everything under hot SUN, sits under a shadow, chews and digest only good and leaves the bad grasped food as foam through its mouth).

(A students who sits in hostel after attending the class and review the class notes and subjects taught in the class)

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

3. Parrot BB

• Just repeats what a trainer says.– If trained good word -it repeats good– If trained with bad words – it repeats bad

• A student who just reproduces, what a teacher taught in the class

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

4. Goat BC

• Will eat in multiple bushes but have not completely eaten even a single bush- a person who takes all books from library given as reference-might have not studied even a single book completely.

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

5. Buffalo CC

• After eating a lot-buffalo get thirsty-goes to a pond-enters and stir it - make it muddy and applies all over the body-comes out of the pond with out drinking water.

• A student/person who confuses others with their own way of understanding- confuses the teacher also-ends up without clearing the doubts

How pupil study?- part 2 (based on understanding)

6. Fiber Mesh DD

• Used to filter the dead insects and bats.

• A person/student who learns only bad things

• In “Tamil” it is called as “Pannadai” a word used to scold a person who always remembers bad about others or a person who learned only bad things in this world.

Please note the GRADES given at corner of each of the previous

slides

TEACHERS

• A person who inspires –

• A person who make a spark –

• A person whom you remember until your knowledge is there-

Contd.. (Ref. 1. to 5)

• Subject knowledge• Motivational level• Teaching skills• Qualifications• Way of evaluation• Human relationship• Conscious of small details• Knowing his students• Reaching the students• Enthusiasm

• Like students teachers are also classified

• But a teachers ability comes out mainly due to a good student

• In “Mahabharath” Dhronachariya is remembered as teacher of Arjuna.

• Thus teachers ability depends upon the MOTIVATION level of students

• Apart from that, based on their level of knowledge in the particular subject, they are classified into three levels

String and Blow instruments

• If the player is good, he/she can bring all the “sapthaswaram” from these instruments- the complete range of music.

• A teacher who has in depth and complete knowledge in his subject and clears all the doubt of students in his subject – belongs to FIRST level of teachers

Double/ multiple skin instrument

Chorus and Single skin Instruments

In Tamil - Pakavathiyam and Thappu

• These instruments can give only two sound…

• A teacher who clear the doubt for all type of questions with only two answers YES_NO_YES_NO – belongs to THIRD level of teachers

Please Remember:

Either a STUDENT

OR

A Teacher

can MOVE from one level to another level through internal or external MOTIVATION.

CONTENTS

• What you dream you achieve it one day –Dr. APJ

• What you believe and conceive, you can achieve- Napoleon Bonaparte

Contd…

• Student choice

• Building Competency

• Creativity and critical thinking

• Novelty

• Timely and relevant to real life

• Variety

• Technology and information

METHODS

• Can vary from Cafeteria to High End sophisticated class room

• Content and method is more important than the environment for a well MOTIVATED student

ENVIRONMENT

• Can be Anything, but that thing should have been understood by the teacher???

STUDENT- TEACHER-RELATIONSHIP

A person who showed light and

path to the destination

First Degree of Relationship

Contd..

A person who helps to reach the destination

Second Degree of Relationship

Contd..

A person who brings the

student to the destinationThird Degree of

Relationship

Contd..

Fourth Degree of Relationship

Remember

• The relationship can vary between student to student for the same teacher: that depends on the motivation levels of student and teacher.

• But in general now we are slowly moving towards fourth degree teachers????

• Note the Environment of the class – under a tree to more sophisticated class room.

What to study?

• Technology• Engineering• Science• Art

– Any thing is OK-based on individual interest

• But one should have ability to study – this is what we acquire in our elementary schools.

• At this age Now you have finalized the specialization

NameDate of construction

BuilderDate of destruction

Cause of destruction

Modern location

Great Pyramid of Giza

2584–2561 BC Egyptians Still in existenceGiza Necropolis, Egypt

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

c. 600 BC (evident)

BabyloniansAfter 1st century BC

Earthquakes

Hillah, Babylon Province, Iraq orNineveh, Nineveh Province, Iraq

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

c. 550 BC; and again at 323 BC

Lydians, Greeks

356 BC (by Herostratus)AD 262 (by the Goths)

Arson by Herostratus, Plundering

near Selçuk, Izmir Province, Turkey

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

466–456 BC (Temple)435 BC (Statue)

Greeks5th–6th centuries AD

Disassembled; later destroyed by fire

Olympia, Greece

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

351 BCCarians, Greeks

by AD 1494 EarthquakesBodrum, Turkey

Colossus of Rhodes

292–280 BC Greeks 226 BC EarthquakeRhodes, Greece

Lighthouse of Alexandria

c. 280 BCPtolemaic Egypt, Greeks

AD 1303–1480 EarthquakeAlexandria, Egypt

Wonder Date of construction Location

Great Wall of ChinaSince 7th century

BC[15] China

Petra c. 100 BC Jordan

Christ the RedeemerOpened October 12,

1931Brazil

Machu Picchu c. AD 1450 Peru

Chichen Itza c. AD 600 Mexico

Colosseum Completed AD 80 Italy

Taj Mahal Completed c. AD 1648 India

Great Pyramid of Giza (Honorary Candidate)

Completed c. 2560 BC Egypt

Civil Engineering

• Great and Distinguished history– Healthy drinking water and sanitation– Shelter for people and industries– Connect through roads, railways and airports and

harbors

• Civil Engineer Can work in any industry– Industrialists, Government, private, owner, managers,

(of course some time labors also)– Multi-face personality (Remember Leanardo Da Vinci)

• Can make wonders from simple things and extraordinary work with little assistance..

Eight steps to become a successful CIVIL ENGINEER

• Understand what a civil engineer does• Assess your skills• Choose a study program• Expect field trips to form a part of your degree• Start thinking about how to specialize as your degree

studies move on• Get an internship• Undertake some specific examinations. • Join the relevant professional organization that caters for

civil engineers in your country.

http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Civil-Engineer

Questions in the MIND of a student?• Should I do Civil Engineering?

• How should I aim to become a talented Civil Engineering after completing Civil Engineering?

• Do Civil Engineering has bright future? What are the main subjects to be studied in Civil Engineering?

Important subjects in Civil Engineering• Basic Science

– Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry

• Mechanics – Engineering, Solid, and Fluid Mechanics

• Water• Surveying• Transportation• Structural• Geotechnical• Environmental

• etc…

Subjects related to Water Resources Engineering

• Hydrology– Occurrence, distribution, movement and properties of

waters of the earth– Understanding of various hydrologic processes, data collection

and analysis, mathematical modeling etc.,

– To predict the hydrological variables and also to develop planning models

• Hydraulics– Mechanical behavior of water in physical systems

• Practical application of the principle of fluid mechanics• Flow through open channels, pressure conduits etc.,• Sediment transport etc.,

Contd…

• Water Resources Systems Engineering– Formulation and evaluation of alternative plans

• Subject to natural laws• Engineering principles• Economic constraints• Institutional capability• Financial capability• Social constraints• Legal constraints• Political constraints

– Hydro-systems Engineering• Water Resources planning and management• Urban planning and management

Contd…

• Irrigation Engineering– Reservoir, and canal operation– Optimal cropping patterns– Managing Large scale irrigation systems– Command area development

HYDROLOGY & WATER RESOURCES

• Physical Hydrology• Environmental Hydrology• Computer Modeling in Hydrological Design• Applied Hydrology• Water resources planning• Flood and drought prediction • Impact studies of forestry and other land uses on water resources • Impacts of climate change• Hill slope processes • Channel & Fluvial Hydraulics • Flood Forecasting• Forest Hydrology• Geo hydrology• Ground Water Hydrology• Hydrogeology• Hydrogeology of Hard Rocks• Hydroinformatics

• Hydrological Data Collection Processing and Analysis• Hydrologic Elements and Analysis• Hydrometeorology • Nuclear Methods in Hydrology• Parametric Hydrology• Planning & Management of Watersheds • Remote Sensing & GIS Applications in Hydrology• Stochastic Hydrology• System Analysis and Ground Water System• System Analysis and Surface Water Planning• System Ecology & Environment Planning • Water Resources Economics• Water Resources Planning and Management• Watershed Behavior & Conservation Practices

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERNG•Structural Materials •Conceptual Structural Design •Solid Mechanics •Structural Engineering•Engineering Graphics & Computer Aided Structural Design•Statistics, Probability and Reliability•Structural Analysis •Finite Element Analysis •Design of Composite Structures•Design of Steel Structures•Design of Reinforced Concrete•Design of Pre stressed Concrete•Seismic Design of Structures•Design of Timber Structures•Nonlinear Structural Analysis•Structural Stability•Structural Dynamics•Bridge Design•Masonry Structures• Structural Reliability and Risk Analysis •Computational Techniques in Finite Elements•Algorithms and Programming for Structural Engineering

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Highway Design Highway & Traffic Systems Design Transportation Facilities Design Freight Transportation Systems and Logistics Transportation Engineering Fundamentals Intelligent Transportation Systems Airport Planning and Design Public Transportation Engineering Railway Business & Engineering Railway Management, Operation & Safety Traffic Control Special Topics in Transportation Safety Engineering Traffic Flow Theory Environmental Impact Assessment Traffic Simulation and Modeling

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

• Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering• Methods in Geotechnical Engineering• Earth pressures and foundation Structures• Geotechnics for land development• Natural Disaster Mitigation• Soil Behavior• Advanced soil techniques for Engineering Purposes• Foundation Engineering• Soil and Site improvement• Seepage and Earth Structures• Environmental Geotechnics• Geotechnical aspects of Earthquake Engineering• Analysis in Geotechnical Engineering• Theoretical Soil Mechanics

REMOTE SENSING & GIS

• Database Management Systems• Adv. GIS and Modeling• Spatial Statistics• Remote Sensing Algorithms• Image Analysis• GIS Applications• Integrated GIS/Remote Sensing• Current Issues in GIS• Principles of GIS• Cartography & Data Visualization• Digital Image Analysis• Remote Sensing Instrumentation and Techniques• Applied Multispectral Imagery• Photo geology• Remote Sensing of Planetary Surfaces• Applications of Geographic Information Systems• Cartographic Modeling for Natural Resources• Resource Mapping• Spatial Analysis of Hydrology and Watershed Management

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

• Public Health• Industrial Hygiene• Radiation Protection• Air Pollution Control• Land Management• Wastewater Management• Solid Waste Disposal• Toxic Materials Control• Geo-Environmental Engineering• Hazardous Waste Management• Design and Construction of Landfills

What you will have if you are a motivated student????

• Achievement

• Recognition

• Responsibility

• Work Satisfaction

• Advancement

• Participation

• Influence of salary

Present Status of Civil Engineering

• Evergreen field

• Infrastructure boon

• Can enter in any job

• Requirement of Civil Engineer in structural, hydraulic, transportation, coastal etc in increasing day by day…

• 100% placement (if pass in single attempt with good marks)

Future Civil Engineers – water resources sector• Research and development and Teaching• Irrigation sector

– Adopting large Dams and reservoirs– Large scale power production– Lift Irrigation schemes

• Municipal water Supply sector– Drinking water treatment plants– Drinking water supply– Desalinization plants– Storm water Drainage and Sewerage Drainage system

• Industrial sector– Common effluent treatment plants– Recycling of water for industrial and irrigation

• Hydro Power Production sector– Maximize the power production – Small Hydro Power stations?– Runoff river power production – (low head turbines) –

currently by Govt.• Storm water drainage design• Multi-purpose sector

– Intra basin transfer– Inter linking of rivers (Inter basin transfer)

Future of Civil Engineering

• You are the future– Research – higher studies– Government jobs– Technical jobs-structural, water, roads, airports,

environmental etc – Software jobs– Entrepreneur– Banking sector– Consultancy– etc…

Expected Salary of a Successful Civil Engineer

0 2 4 6 8 100

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For all these things motivation is required

• Self Motivated

• Externally motivated

Five tips for motivation1. Get PerspectiveNever thing a knowledge is useless??

2. Get an Attitude செ�ய்வனதி�ருந்திசெ�ய்...

3. Get Competitive

4. Get an Output - your eye on the Prize

5. Get Support

இழுக்கல்உடை�யுழி�ஊற்றுக்கோக�ல்அற்கோ� ஒழுக்கமுடை�யா�ர்வா�ய்ச் சொ��ல்.

How a knowledge should be?

A Caricature drawn and prayed by us for centuries to represent knowledge

Sharp

Broad- extensive (extendable)

Convergable

Deep

All the best and remember the following

• Hard work never fail- Hard work is the substitute for hard work.

• Be strong and confident - But be polite.

• Be genuine and truth – But should not be toothless

References1. McQuillen J.L (1986) Motivating the civil engineer, Journal of Management

in Engineering, ASCE, 2(2), 101-110.

2. Nesbit S.E, Sianchuk R., Alekejuniene J., Kindiak R (2012) Influencing students beliefs about the role of civil engineer in society, International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 6(2) 1- 20

3. Poirot J.W (1986) The civil engineering profession today and tomorrow, Journal of Management in Engineering, ASCE, 2(2), 71-78.

4. Williams K.C and Williams CC (2011) Five key ingredients for improving students motivation, Research in Higher Education Journal, 12, 1-23.

5. and many many websites