MORPHOLOGY: THE WORDS OF

LANGUAGE

Gilmara JohnsonMariana De Luca

Stacy Feldstein

HOMEWORK At your table, discuss your responses for the

questions and answers you chose from the homework.

7 minutes

MORPHOLOGY: THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF WORDS PAGE 34

1. Copyeditor: Adeline Moore 2. Accounts payable: Ineeda Czech 3. Pollution control: Maury Missions 4. Purchasing: Lois Bidder 5. Statistician: Marge Innovera 6. Russian chauffeur: Picov Andropov 7. Legal firm: Dewey, Cheetham, and

Howe

1. (add a line more)2. (I need a check)3. (more emissions)4. (lowest bidder)5. (margin of error)6. (pick up and drop off)7. (Do we cheat 'em?

And how!)

CONTENT WORDS AND FUNCTION WORDS

Content Words Function WordsOpen class Closed class

Denote concepts such as objects, actions, attributes

and ideas

Have no clear lexical meaning or concept attached to it

Specify grammatical relationsNouns, Verbs, Adjectives and

Adverbsarticles, conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns

WHAT KINDS OF WORDS IS HE TALKING ABOUT, “CONTENT” OR “FUNCTION”?

SEGMENTING SOUNDS

THECATSONTHEMATVS.

UNCHARACTERISTICALLY

JIGSAW READING Read your section and prepare to present a

poster with the main ideas to the class. Group 1: Morphemes: The Minimal Units of

Meaning (pp.36-38) Group 2: Bounds and Free morphemes (pp.

39-42) Group 3: Roots and Stems, Bound Roots

(pp.42-44) Group 4: Rules of word formation,

Derivational Morphology (pp. 44-46) Group 5: Inflectional Morphology (pp. 46-49) Group 6: Compounds (pp.57)

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER As groups present, use you graphic organizer

to take notes on the “Description” section. At your tables, use you notes to discuss and

complete the “classroom applications” section. You can explain how morphological knowledge affects language teaching or you can design a teaching activity that would help students learn that morphological aspect of language.

Share with the class: Pick one concept (different from the one you presented) to show how it applies to teaching ELLs.

MAIN DIVISIONS OF WORD CLASSES (PARTS OF SPEECH):

Content Words

Function Words

• Nouns • Verbs • Adjectives• Adverbs

• Conjunctions• Prepositions• Articles• Pronouns

EXERCISE: DETERMINE THE WORD CLASS OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS

a. canineb. thec. himd. elegante. inconvenienc

ef. eloquentlyg. complyh. inasmuch as

i. over

a. Nounb. Articlec. Pronound. Adjectivee. Nounf. Adverbg. Verbh. Conjunctio

ni. Preposition

MORPHEME: THE MINIMAL UNIT OF MEANING Free morpheme: a single morpheme

that constitutes a word and can stand alone.

Bound morpheme: a morpheme that must be attached to another morpheme.

QUESTION #2A, B, I, J, K, L, MExample: Retroactive = retro + act + ive

Free morpheme = actBound morphemes = retro-, -ive

ENGLISH AFFIXES(BASED ON THE POSITION)

Prefix: An affix that occurs before a morpheme

Suffix: An affix that occurs after a morpheme

ENGLISH PREFIXES

Examples of Negative Prefixes:un- non- dis- a-

Examples of size and degree prefixes:mini- sub- over- super-

ENGLISH SUFFIXES

Class preserving suffixation:-er lecturer-ian librarian-ist scientist-let piglet

Class changing suffixation: Verb Noun perform performanceAdjective Adverb nice nicelyAdjective Noun active activity

AFFIXES(BASED ON THE FUNCTION)

Inflections vs. Derivations

DEFINITIONDerivational

morpheme: deriving (creating) a new word with a new meaning.

Inflectional morpheme: changing the form of a word because of the rules of syntax.

ENGLISH INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES

Nouns–s plural–’s possessive

Verbs –s third person singular

present–ed past tense–en past participle–ing progressive

Adjectives–er comparative–est superlative

SOME EXAMPLES OF ENGLISH DERIVATIONAL MORPHEME

-ic : Noun Adj ; alcohol alcoholic -ance : Verb Noun ; clear clearance -ly : Adj Adv ; exact exactly -ity : Adj Noun ; active activity -able : Verb Adj ; read readable -ship : Noun Noun ; friend friendship re- : Verb Verb ; cover recover in- : Adj Adj ; definite indefinite

DESCRIBE THE ITALIC AFFIXES:1) impossible2) terrorized3) terrorize4) desks5) dislike6) humanity7) fastest

1) Derivational prefix2) Inflectional suffix3) Derivational suffix4) Inflectional suffix5) Derivational prefix6) Derivational suffix7) Inflectional suffix

Describe the italic affixes:

8) premature9) untie10) darken11) fallen12) oxen13) faster14) lecturer

8) Derivational prefix9) Derivational prefix10) Derivational suffix11) Inflectional suffix12) Inflectional suffix13) Inflectional suffix14) Derivational suffix

Test Question:

PHONOLOGY/MORPHOLOGY REVIEW

Test Question:

PHONOLOGY/MORPHOLOGY REVIEW

Test Question:

PHONOLOGY/MORPHOLOGY REVIEW

Test Question:

PHONOLOGY/MORPHOLOGY REVIEW

Test Question:

PHONOLOGY/MORPHOLOGY REVIEW