morpho phonology

2
Morphology and phonology have relationship in language. Morphology learns about words and phonology learns about sound. We also learn phonological allomorph or alternations. It is the words that have same meaning but different from letters and sound, such as se’lective and selec’tivity. If we learn morphophonology, of course we will learn the kinds of morphophonology. There are two kinds of alternations, automatic alternation and morphophonological alternations. According to Andre in his book “Understanding Story”, automatic alternations show clear signs of phonetic motivation may be optional and may apply across word boundaries. For instance, automatic alternations have loan words. The word ‘Madrid’ is pronounced ‘t’ in a final (German) because of final devoicing. Morphophonological alternations have lost their connection to phonetics, have morphological conditioning, are obligatory and apply within words. For instance, morphphonological alternations do not have loan words. The word ‘striptokok’ is pronounced with a final ‘k’. So there is no change in morphphonological alternations. Morphology alternations also have productivity. It is called productive alternations. Before we discuss about it, we also learn the degrees of productivity. They are relic alternations, common alternations, and productivity alternations. Now, we talk about productive alternations. We can find productive alternations in neologisms and borrowing. For instance, we can see in Indonesia language. The word ‘menyewa’ is from ‘meng + sewa’. We replace ‘s’ into nasal is ‘ny’. Automatic alternation and morphophonological alternations have a relationship. According to Andre in “Understanding Story”, sounds changes always yield automatic alternations initially, and then it

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morphophonology in morphology

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Morphology and phonology have relationship in language. Morphology learns about words and phonology learns about sound. We also learn phonological allomorph or alternations. It is the words that have same meaning but different from letters and sound, such as selective and selectivity. If we learn morphophonology, of course we will learn the kinds of morphophonology. There are two kinds of alternations, automatic alternation and morphophonological alternations. According to Andre in his book Understanding Story, automatic alternations show clear signs of phonetic motivation may be optional and may apply across word boundaries. For instance, automatic alternations have loan words. The word Madrid is pronounced t in a final (German) because of final devoicing. Morphophonological alternations have lost their connection to phonetics, have morphological conditioning, are obligatory and apply within words. For instance, morphphonological alternations do not have loan words. The word striptokok is pronounced with a final k. So there is no change in morphphonological alternations.Morphology alternations also have productivity. It is called productive alternations. Before we discuss about it, we also learn the degrees of productivity. They are relic alternations, common alternations, and productivity alternations. Now, we talk about productive alternations. We can find productive alternations in neologisms and borrowing. For instance, we can see in Indonesia language. The word menyewa is from meng + sewa. We replace s into nasal is ny. Automatic alternation and morphophonological alternations have a relationship. According to Andre in Understanding Story, sounds changes always yield automatic alternations initially, and then it becomes morphophonological alternation. For instance, we can see in passive verb form from Zulu Labial Palatalization. There is the passive voice that is marked by a suffix w in the word gubh a (hollow) become guj w - a (be hollowed), the rule apply like bh --- j. In another example, we can find bophel a (harness) become boshel w a (be harnessed). In that word, we replace ph by using sh'. As I say above that morphology and phonology have relationship. First, we concern in morphophonology as phonology. They are connected with morpheme based model and hold automatic and morphophonological alternations. They are generated by phonological structure. We know that phonological structure have correlation with affixation. In this case, there are two kinds of phonological structure, such as integrated affixes and neutral affixes. Most of suffixes are neutral and prefixes are integrated. According to Andrea, integrated affixes are in the domain of stress assignment and neutral affixes are not in the domain of stress assignment. For instance, in integrated suffixes qal become qal-ar (stick-s-) (there is in the stressdomain) and for neutral suffixes we can see the word fil become fil-di (elephant) (there is no stress domain). Second, that is morphophonology as morphology. Morphological alternations are belonged to the domain of morphology. For instance, we can find it in back formation. Polish has word kaleka (cripple) become kaleczyc (mutilate). We can see that we replace k become cz.from that example, it is clearly new and morphophonological alternations have the reverse direction under certain circumtances.