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GENERAL ENGLISH

I. General aims of Teaching English 1. To develop students’ ability to use English accurately, appropriately,

effectively and fluently for communication in various situations. 2. To develop students’ ability to read and understand texts in English on

different subjects and topics with minimal help from teachers. 3. To develop students’ ability to use English appropriately for effective written

communication for some of the common communicative functions. 4. To hone their ability to listen to and understand English when used in

academic and social situations. 5. To enable students to become self reliant for learning many aspects of

language and also to learn other content subjects. 6. To enrich their knowledge of grammar for accurate and precise

communication. 7. To enrich their vocabulary and to enable them to use words most appropriate

to situations. 8. To develop their skills to read and appreciate literature and develop a liking

towards English language. II. Domains

The major domains of teaching English are: 1. Listening 2. Speaking 3. Reading 4. Writing 5. Communication 6. Grammar 7. Vocabulary 8. Study Skills 9. Literary skills

III. Specific Objectives of Teaching English as a Second language in Class XI A. Listening 1. To develop students’ ability to listen to and understand instructions. 2. To develop their ability to listen to lectures, talks, interviews on familiar topics

and get specific items of information. 3. To develop their ability to listen to and get an overall idea of the content of

lectures, talks, discussions etc. 4. To develop their ability to gather almost full information by listening to live

discussions, talks, lectures and also by listening to radio and television. B. Speaking: 1. To enable students to pronounce words and phrases accurately. 2. To stress the right syllables in words and phrases. 3. To use pauses meaningfully in long utterances. 4. To use the right intonation to communicate the intended meaning. 5. To read prose passages, dialogues and poems aloud with correct pronunciation,

stress and intonation.

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C. Communication: 1. To enable students to use English in day to day situations for common

communicative functions. 2. To enable students to use English appropriately in academic and social

situations. 3. To enable students to speak reasonably fluently, with minimal hesitations. D. Reading: 1. To enable students to read and understand prose and poems on a variety of

academic and general topics from text books, reference sources and other common sources such as newspapers and magazines.

2. To enable students to employ the right reading strategies to suit the purpose of reading.

3. To develop students’ ability to read and gather specific items of information from a variety of sources.

4. To develop their ability to read for an overall idea of the content of texts. 5. To develop their ability to read texts for full understanding. 6. To develop their ability to read fluently with reasonable degree of

comprehension. 7. To develop in students an interest towards English Literature. E. Writing: 1. To familiarize students with qualities of good and effective writing. 2. To develop their ability to write coherently and cohesively. 3. To develop their ability to write accurately and appropriately using language

appropriate to the audience, situation and purpose of writing. 4. To develop their ability to write short paragraphs and essays on variety of

topics. 5. To develop their ability to use English for writing letters for a variety of

purposes. 6. To develop their ability to use English for e-mail communication. F. Study Skills: 1. To sharpen their ability to use dictionary as a reference tool. 2. To develop their ability to read and make notes for study purposes. 3. To develop their ability to transcend information from verbal to visual format

and vice-versa. 4. To develop their ability to make summaries of long prose passages. G. Grammar: 1. To enhance their understanding of grammatical concepts. 2. To develop their ability to apply grammar rules in communicative situations. 3. To develop their ability to monitor their own language behavior. 4. To develop their ability to use the knowledge of grammar while listening,

speaking, reading and writing. E. Vocabulary: 1. To enrich their vocabulary. 2. To familiarize them with the concepts of synonyms, antonyms, collocations

etc.

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3. To develop their ability to use words most appropriate to the communicative situation.

4. To equip them with the strategies to cope up with unfamiliar words while reading texts in English.

IV Course Books Prescribed: 1. Chinar I– An Anthology of Prose and Poetry for class XI – Published by

Foundation Books in cooperation with Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education.

2. A Course in English Grammar and Composition – for classes XI and XII, Published by Foundation Books in cooperation with Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education.

TERM-WISE SYLLABUS

Overall Term breakup Term I: 1. Chinar I – Units 1 to 9 2. Grammar and Composition: 2.1 Grammar: Units 1 to 9 2.2 Composition: Units 35, 36 and 37 on Paragraph Writing Term II: 1. Chinar I – Units 10 to 18 2. Grammar and Composition 2.1 Grammar: Units 10 to 17 2.2 Composition: Units 38, 39 and 40 on Letters and forms

Detailed breakup of syllabus Term I: 1. Unit Test 1 will cover the following lessons: a. Chinar I – Units 1 to 3 b. Grammar – Units 1 to 3, covering · Compound and Complex Sentences, and · The Simple Present Tense c. Composition: Unit 35 Paragraph Writing 2. Unit Test 2 will cover the following a. Chinar I – Units 4 to 6 b. Grammar – Units 4 to 6, covering · The simple past tense · The progressive c. Composition: Unit 36 Paragraph Writing 3. Terminal test will cover the following: a. Chinar I – Units 1 to 9 b. Grammar – Units 1 to 9, covering · The compound and complex sentences · The progressive: Present/Past · The perfect : Present/Past c. Composition: Units 35, 36 and 37 on Paragraph Writing

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Term II 1. Unit Test 1 will cover the following lessons: a. Chinar I – Units 10 to 12. b. Grammar – Units 10 to 12 covering] · The future tense (Simple) · Auxiliaries c. Composition: Unit 38, Letters and Forms I 2. Unit Test 2 will cover the following a. Chinar I – Units 13 to 15 b. Grammar – Units 13 to 15, covering · Auxiliaries · Relative clauses c. Composition: Unit 39 Letters and Forms II 3. Terminal test will cover the following: a. Chinar I – Units 10 to 18 b. Grammar – Units 10 to 17, covering · The future: Progressive/Perfect · Auxiliaries · Relative clauses · Conditional clauses c. Composition: Units 38, 39 and 40 on Letters and Forms I, II, and III

Scheme of Testing and Evaluation: The learning outcome and learner performance will be assessed as per the following scheme.

Term I: 1. Unit Test 1 (UT1) – 15 marks 2. Unit Test 2 (UT2) – 10 marks 3. Terminal Test (T1) – 50 marks Total – 75 marks Grand Total

150 marks Term II: 1. Unit Test 3 (UT3) – 15 marks 2. Unit Test 4 (UT4) – 10 marks 3. Terminal Test (T2) – 50 marks Total – 75 marks

. Design of Unit Test 2 Total marks: 10

Unit Tests will test the following skills to the specifications given below: 1. Reading 3 marks Seen comprehension - 3 marks Questions should be based on passages and poems from the Reader. They

should be largely of inferential comprehension level. Questions on poems should be based on short extracts given from the respective poem.

2. Vocabulary 2 marks a. Word meaning – 1 mark b. Collocation - 1 mark 3. Grammar 3 marks Conceptualized exercises to test the tester’s ability to apply the knowledge of

grammar in these areas.

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4. Writing & Study Skills 2 marks Writing a short paragraph of about 200 words describing an object, a place or person – 2 marks

Design of Terminal Test Total Marks: 50 Time:2:30hrs 1. Reading comprehension 22 marks

1.1 Comprehension on seen passage/stanza of a poem - 12 marks Total twelve questions based on the prescribed units for the Term from Chinar

I, of which nine to be based on prose units and three based on poems. Questions should be largely of inferential comprehension level.

1.2 Reference to context (Poems) – 5 marks Two stanzas from poems prescribed for the term from Chinar I will be given

and students are required to attempt only one stanza. 1.3 Comprehension on unseen passage – 5 marks Questions should be based on a short descriptive or narrative passage of not

more than 250 words Questions on unseen passage should have a mixture of both factual and inferential comprehension to the proportion of 20:80. There should be a good mixture of different types of comprehension questions: with— questions, multiple choice, true false, yes/no etc.

2. Vocabulary 8 marks 2.1 Word meanings – 2 marks 2.2 Pronunciation – 1 mark 2.3 Collocation – 1 mark 2.4 Spelling – 2 marks 2.5 Usage – 2 marks 3. Grammar 10 marks Contextualized exercises to test the student’s ability to apply the knowledge of

grammar. There will be one exercise for 2 marks which will ask students to identify errors in a given set of sentences or a short paragraph and rewrite them/it after making necessary corrections.

4. Writing and Study Skills 10 marks 4.1 Writing a short paragraph of about 100 words on familiar topics. OR

Writing an essay of about 200 words on a familiar topic 5 marks 4.2 Writing a formal letter performing one of the common communicative

functions. OR Writing a personal letter performing one of the common communicative

functions 5 marks Promotion to class XII

In order to be eligible for promotion to class XII a student must secure a minimum of 33% in aggregate in the Unit Tests and the Terminal Tests. Learner’s performance on Unit Tests and Terminal tests should be analyzed and necessary remedial measures should be adopted to improve the performance of those who have not done well in the tests.

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HISTORY

FIRST TERM COURSE

Time: 2½ Hours Weightage: 75 Marks UNIT I 10 Marks (i) The Harrapan Culture (ii) Geographical Extent & Main Features. UNIT II 08 Marks (i) Comparative Study of Early and Later Vedic Age with special reference

to Social, Economic and Religious life. UNIT III : Jainism and Buddhism: 08 Marks (i) Causes and Origin (ii) Doctrine of Jainism. (iii) Doctrine of Buddhism. (iv) Causes of the Spread and Decline of Buddhism. UNIT IV: 07 Marks Emergence of territorial State and Rise of the Magadha Rise & Growth of the Magadha Empire. UNIT V: 07 Marks Effects of Iranian and Macedonian invasions. UNIT VI: Age of the Mauryans 10 Marks (i) Administration of Chander Gupta Maurya. (ii) Ashoka and his Dharma. UNIT VII : Central Asian contact with special reference to Kushana 10 Marks (i) Ghandara and Mathura School of Arts. (ii) Science and Technology. (iii) Trade and Commerce. UNIT VIII: Life in Gupta Age 08 Marks (i) Administration. (ii) Trends in Trades (iii) Social Development (iv) Art & Literature. (v) Science and Technology. UNIT IX: 07 Marks (i) Harsha’s Administration. (ii) Hieun Tsang’s Account (iii) Nalinda. (iv) Science and Technology. (v) Trade and Commerce.

SECOND TERM COURSE Weightage: 75 Marks Time : 2½ hours UNIT I: Indian Society (800 – 1200 A.D.) 15 Marks

(i) Social Change: Growth of Feudalism (ii) The Caste System & the emergence of Rajputs. (iii) Religious Movements & beliefs with special reference of Sankara’s

philosophy.

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UNIT II: The Age of Conflict 15 Marks (i) Invasions of Mahmud Ghaznavi. (ii) Invasions of Muhammad Ghori. (iii) Condition of India on the eve of the Turkish invasions with special

references to Rajput political, social Organisation; Causes for the success of the Turks.

UNIT III: The Delhi Sultanate 15 Marks (i) A brief survey of the conquests of llbari Turks; Consolidation under

lltutmish & Balban. (ii) Expansion of Delhi Sultanate under the Khaljis with special reference to

Allauddin’s conquests. (iii) Alauddin’s land revenue policy, Market control, Military Reforms. (iv) The Tughalq’s Muhammad Tughlaq’s experiments; Causes of the

Decline of the Delhi Sultanate. UNIT IV: Government of the Delhi Sultanate: 15 Marks (i) Central Administration. (ii) Local Administration. (iii) The Sultans & the Nobles. (iv) Nature of the State. (v) Religious Freedom under the Sultanate. UNIT V: Society & Culture 15 Marks

(i) Peasants & Rural Gentry. (ii) A brief survey of Architecture. (iii) The Sufi Movement with special references to the Christi and

Suharwardi Silsilas. (iv) The Bhakti Movement.

Books Prescribed: 1. Ancient India: Published by NCERT, New Delhi. 2. Medieval India: Published by NCERT, New Delhi.

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ECONOMICS Paper - A

Time: 2½ Hours Marks: 75 PART - A: ELEMENTARY STATISTICS Marks 1. Introduction 05 2. Collection and Organisation of Data 07 3. Presentation of Data 10 4. Condensation of Data 45 5. Project for Application of Statistics in Economics 08

PART - B: INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 6 Economic Growth and Development 15 7. Structural Changes in the Indian Economy since Independence 30 8. Current challenges facing Indian Economy 30

PART - A : ELEMENTARY STATISTICS

Unit 1: Introduction Meaning, Scope and Importance of Statistics in Economics.

Unit 2: Collection and Organisation of Data I. Collection of data - census and sampling methods; sources of data, primary and

secondary. II. Organisation of data - frequency array and frequency distribution.

Unit 3: Presentation of Data I. Tables.

II. Diagrams - Geometric forms (bar-diagrams, pie-diagrams), Frequency diagrams (histogram, polygon and ogive). Arithmetic line-graphs (Time series graph).

Unit 4: Condensation of Data I. Measures of Central Tendency - mean (simple arithmetic mean), median, quartile,

mode. II. Measures of Dispersion - absolute dispersion (range, quartile deviation, mean

deviation, standard deviation); relative dispersion (coefficient of quartile-deviation, coefficient of mean deviation, coefficient of variation).

III. Correlation - meaning, scatter diagram. IV. Measures of correlation - Karl Pearson’s method (two variables ungrouped data)

Spearman’s rank correlation. V. Introduction to Index Numbers - meaning, types – wholesale price index,

consumer price index and index of industrial production, uses of index numbers. Unit 5: Project for Application of Statistics in Economics

Preparation of a Project Report on: Consumer awareness amongst households through collection of primary data by designing a questionnaire.

Or Productivity awareness amongst enterprises through use of statistical data from

statistical tables from Newspapers/Economic Surveys/RBI Bulletin/Government Budget of the State/ the Nation/Census Reports/NSS Reports, etc.

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PART - B : INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Unit 6: Economic Growth and Development

I. Concepts of Economic Growth, Economic Development, and Sustainable Development and Quality of Life.

II. Indicators of Development: Per Capita Income; Quality of Life Index; Human Development Index.

Unit 7: Structural Changes in the Indian Economy Since Independence Structure of the Indian Economy at the Time of Independence - Occupational Structure,

I. Relative Contribution of Sectors (Agriculture, Industries and Service Sector) to National Income, Infrastructure - Economic (energy, transport and communication) and Social (education, health and housing).

II. Development Strategies till 1991: Economic Planning - meaning, main objectives; main features of economic policies: main achievements and failures.

III. Economic Reforms since 1991: need and main features - liberalization, globalization, privatization.

Unit 8: Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy Population - size, rate of growth and its implications for development, main

measures taken to I. Check the high rate of growth.

II. Poverty - absolute and relative (inequalities): main programmes for poverty alleviation.

III. Unemployment - types, magnitude IV. Infrastructure - Energy, Transport and Communication, Health, Education. V. Other Emerging Issues - Environment, Gender and Migration (internal and

international) Book prescribed: A Textbook of Economics for Class XI by T.R. Jain & Ohrie, Published by V.K Enterprises New Delhi-02

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GEOGRAPHY Theory: 120 Marks. Time: 2½ Hours Practicals/ Assignments / Project work: 30 Marks.

First Term Course Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks II. Practicals = 15 Marks Total = 75 Marks

Unit–I 24 marks A. Geography as a Discipline: (i) Definition, Aims & Objectives (ii) Sub-fields of Geography-Physical and Human (iii) Earth-Distribution and Evolution of Continents. B. Lithosphere: (a) Interior of the Earth; (i) Density and Composition of Earth’s Interior. (ii) Evidence about Earth’s Interior (b) Materials of the Earth’s Crust. (i) Rocks and their classification based on mode of their formation. (c) The process of Gradation: (i) Gradation, Degradation and Aggradations. (ii) Weathering-Mechanical and Chemical. (iii) Agents of Gradation. (d) River-As an agent of Erosion. Transportation and Deposition,

Landforms developed by a River, V-Shaped Valley, Waterfalls, Meander and Ox-bow lake Delta. Flood Plains, Alluvial Fans.

(e) Glaciers – Types, Erosion and Deposition, Landforms developed by a Glacier, U-Shaped Valley, Cirque Moraines

C. Earth Movements: (i) Volcanoes – Types, forms, products and distribution. (ii) Earthquakes — Causes, effects and distribution. Unit-II: Atmosphere 18 Marks A. (i) Structure and composition of the atmosphere. (ii) Atmospheric Pressure – Horizontal and vertical distribution, pressure

belts, Winds Planetary, periodic and local winds. (iii) Insulation and Temperature – Factors controlling distribution of

insulation, heating and cooling atmosphere, convection, terrestrial radiation, advection, heat budge, factors controlling temperature, distribution of temperature, horizontal and vertical distribution, inversion of temperature.

(iv) Moisture – Humidity, evaporation, condensation, forms of condensation-dew, white frost, fog, mist and clouds, precipitation-forms and types, world distribution of rainfall

(v) Keoppen’s classification of world climate (An elementary idea) Discussion of climatic type –A (Humid tropical climate).

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The Tropical Rainforest climate. The Savanna climate The Monsoon climate (vi) Climate and man. Unit–III 18 Marks (A) Hydrosphere Profile of the ocean basins – Submarine relief- Horizontal and vertical

distribution of temperature in the oceans, distribution of salinity, circulation of ocean waters, waves, currents, tides, flora and fauna of ocean basins, oceans deposits, man and oceans, Marine resources and their value to man.

(B) Biosphere-nature, concept of ecosystem, energy flow, pyramid of numbers, ecological balance, impact of man on ecosystem, resource deterioration, depletion and environmental pollution.

Second Term Course Weightage: I. Theory = 60 Marks Total = 75 Marks II. Practicals = 15 Marks Unit-I: Geography of Jammu and Kashmir 20 Marks (i) Situation, Location, Area. (ii) Physical Divisions: Sub-Himalayan Zone (Outer Plains, Outer Hills) Middle Himalayan Region. Inner Himalayas –Himalayan Kashmir, Trans-

Himalayan Zone, Trans-Himalayan Ladakh. (iii) Climate: - Factors affecting climate, climatic division of J&K State Sub-

tropical, Temperate. Sub-arctic (iv) Drainage: Rivers of J&K, The Jehlum & the Chenab (v) Natural Vegetation: Types-Dry Savanna and Scrub vegetation. (vi) Sub-tropical forests, Monsoon forests, Alpine forests. Unit-II : 20 Marks (i) Agriculture: - State of Agriculture in J&K Major crops Rice Maize. Wheat,

Pulses and oil seeds. Grim and saffron. Impact of five-year plans on Agriculture

(ii) Irrigation, Its significance. Important canals (a) Jammu province: Pratap canal, Ravi-Tawi irrigation complex. Ranbir Canal, (b) Kashmir province: Martand, Zainagir, Shahkul, Ladakh: The Chuchot Mayur.

(iii) Minerals Coal. Lignite Gypsum. Bauxite and Sapphire (iv) Power resources: Mahora power project, Lower Sindh Hydroelectric

Project, Ganderbal Upper Sindh Hydro Electric Project. Sumbal Lower Jehlum Hydro Electric Project. Sumbal Lower Jehlum Hydro Electric Project, Buniyar Chenani project. Salal Hydro Electric project, Dul Hasti Hydro Electric Project, Thermal Power Station, Kalakote.

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Unit III 20 Marks (i) Industries (a) Major and Medium, H.M.T. Factory, Srinagar Cement, Silk-Textiles,

Woolen-Textiles. Sole Leather Plant, Muthi. Industrial Complexes of Bari-Brahmana, Jammu and Rangreth, Kashmir.

(b) Small Scale Industries. (c) Cottage Industries. (ii) Tourism: Factors of Tourist attraction: climate, scenery, sport, and pilgrimage. (iii) Population: (a) Distribution and density (b) Growth-regional variations in growth rates, trends (c) Demographic structure- age sex composition, urban rural, literacy,

occupations, etc. (d) Impact of population growth on economic development (e) Settlements- Rural and urban. Books prescribed: (Theory Papers and Practical) 1. Principles of Geography Part –1 (NCERT) 2. Physical Basis of Geography by A.B. Mukerjee (NCERT). 3. Field work and Laboratory Techniques in Geography (NCERT) Other books suggested for study: 4. Geography of J&K by Dr.A.N.Raina 5. Map work by Rool Singh 6. Principles of Physical Geography Part-1, by A. Padmnabha.

GEOGRAPHY PRACTICALS First Term 15 marks

1. Maps: Definition, classification and types. 2. Scales: Definition, methods of showing scale on a map: (a) statement of scale,

(b) Representative fraction and (c) Graphic (linear) Scale (primary and secondary divisions).

3. Map symbols: Identification of conventional signs used on top sheets of survey of India.

Second Term 15 marks 4. Methods of showing relief on maps: Contours: Representation of the following by contours : (a) slopes uniform, gentle, convex, concave, steep, terraced. (b) relief features-conical hill, spur, ridge, plateau, valley, pass, gorge, 5. Representation of climatic and economic data of J&K with the help of (a)

Point symbols, (b) Line symbols (Isopleths), and (c) Aerial symbols (chloroplast).

6. Surveying: Preparing plans of school compound with the help of chain and tape.

7. Study of the following meteorological instruments: (a) Six’s Maximum and Minimum thermometer (b) Dry and Wet Bulb thermometer (c) Rain gauge.

Note: Two consecutive periods once a week is to be provided for Practicals.

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POLITICAL SCIENCE

Paper – A Time: 2 ½ Hours Weightage : 75 marks

UNITS /First Term PART A: SOCIETY, STATE AND GOVERNMENT

1. Political Science: An Introduction 15 2. Society, State and Citizen 21 3. Political System 15 4. Organs of Government 24

PART B: Term II INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION

Weightage : 75 marks 5. Constitution: Background and salient features 24 6. Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution 15 7. Government at the Centre and in States 21 8. Indian Administration: Organisation and functions 15

PART A: SOCIETY, STATE AND GOVERNMENT Unit 1 : Political Science: An Introduction (a) Significance of the study of Political Science. (b) Changing meaning, nature and scope. (c) Relation with History, Economics, Ethics and Sociology. Unit 2 : Society, State and Citizen (a) Society, state and citizen - meaning. (b) State and Society (i) Need for the State and its elements. (ii) Concept of State - Indian, Liberal and Marxist. (iii) Relationship between State and Society, State and Government,

State and Nation, State and Citizen. (c) State and Associations (i) Meaning, Need and Kinds of Association. (ii) Coordination of Loyalties and the National Identity. Unit 3 : Political System (a) Political System - the Concept. (b) Constitution: Meaning and types: Rigid and Flexible, Written and

Unwritten. (c) Forms of Government: (i) Democratic and Non-Democratic (ii) Parliamentary and Presidential (iii) Unitary and Federal Unit 4 : Organs of Government (a) Legislature (b) Executive (c) Judiciary (d) Bureaucracy

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Note: Examples from the Indian Scenario to be given for comprehension in all the above units.

PART B: INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION Unit 5 : Constitution: Background and Salient Features (a) Landmarks in the Constitutional Development. (b) Indian National Movement and its Heritage. (c) Preamble to the Indian Constitution. (d) Indian Constitution - Salient Features. (e) Indian Federation and working of Centre - State relations. Unit 6 : Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of

State Policy in the Indian Constitution (a) Fundamental Rights (b) Fundamental Duties (c) Directive Principles of State Policy. Unit 7 : Government at the Centre and in the States (a) Government at the Centre - Legislature, Executive (including Emergency

Provisions) and Judiciary. (b) Government in the States - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Unit 8 : Indian Administration: Organisation and Functions (a) Centre and State Administration. (b) District Administration. (c) Local Government Institutions - Urban, Rural and their Functions. Book Suggested: A Textbook of Political Science for Class XI by G.N. Rastogi,

Published by V. K. Enterprises New Delhi-02.

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PHILOSOPHY

First Term Course

Time: 2½ hours Weightage: 75 Marks

Unit-I: Logic 15 Marks (i) Meaning and definition (ii) Nature logic as a positive and normative science (iii) Scope & Utility

Unit-II: Fundamental Principles of Logic 15 Marks (i) Law of thought (ii) Law of identity (iii) Laws of excluded middle (iv) Law of contradiction (v) Law of sufficient Reason (Lebnitz)

Unit-III: Terms and their Kinds 15 Marks (I) Definition of a term (ii) Kinds of term-Simple, Composite, Singular, general, concrete, abstract. (iii) Denotation and connotation of terms

Unit-IV: Propositions 15 Marks (i) Concept of proposition (ii) Analysis of proposition (iii) Classification of proposition-Quantity, Quality, Relation, Modality. (iv) Hypothetical proposition

Unit-V: Logical definition, division and their classification 15 Marks (I) Nature of definition (ii) Rules of definition (iii) Nature of Division (iv) Rules of Division (v) Division by Dichotomy

Second Term Course

Time: 2½ hours Weightage: 75 Marks Unit-I: Material Grounds of inaction-Experiment and observation & their uses 20 Marks

(i) Observation-conditions, advantages and disadvantages (ii) Experiment-advantages and disadvantage (iii) Interrelation between Experiment and Observation.

Unit-II : Experimental methods and their practical application 20 Marks (iv) Method of agreement- advantages and disadvantages (v) Method of difference- merits & demerits (vi) Joint Method of agreement and difference (vii) Method of concomitant variations (viii) Method of Residues

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Unit-III: Hypothesis 20 Marks (i) Definition (ii) Types (iii) Conditions of a valid Hypothesis (iv) Uses in scientific induction

Unit-IV: Formal Grounds of Induction 15 Marks (i) Law of uniformity of Nature (ii) Law of causation (iii) Relation between Law of uniformity of nature and Law of causation (iv) Aristotle’s view on causation.

Books Suggested: 2. Introduction to Logic by B. N. Roy (Bhala Nath Roy). 3. Introduction to logic and Scientific Method by Cohen and Nagel.

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EDUCATION First Term Course

Objective: 1. To have complete conceptual clarity of Education and its role. 2. To be familiar with various commissions of Education in terms of aims and

objectives of Education as a system. 3. To have a working knowledge of various agencies leading to education of

children. 4. To have current understanding of preprimary system of education both in

Theory and Practice. Weightage: 75 Marks Unit I: Concept of Education: 13 Marks

A. Etymological meaning of Education B. Meaning and importance of Education C. Definitions of Education as put forth by: - (i) John Locke (ii) Rousseau (iii) Redden (iv) John Dewey (v) Gandhi (VI) Zakir Hussain.

Unit II: Aims of Education: 13 Marks A. Importance of Aims of Education B. Aims of Education in present Indian context With special reference to (i) Kothari Education Commission (1964-66) (ii) Mudaliar Commission (1952-53) (iii) NPE (1986)

Unit III: Agencies of Education: 13 Marks A Meaning of Agencies of Education B Types: (I) Formal: (a) School (b) Religious institutions (ii) Informal: (a) Family (b) Electronic Media (Radio & TV) (c) Print Media (Press) (iii) Non-formal (a) Open School (b) Distance Education (c) NFE Centres

Unit IV: Pre-Primary Education: 12 Marks. A. Early Child Care Education -its meaning and importance. B. Pre primary Education (i) Meaning (ii) Objectives as given by NPE (1986) (iii) Problems and their remedial measures.

Unit V: Montessorian system of Education: 12 Marks A Concept of Nursery Education B Principles of Nursery Education C Practice in children’s house with reference to: - (i) Didactic apparatus (ii) Daily exercise

Unit VI: Froebelian system of Education 12 Marks A. Concept of kindergarten B. Aims and content in kindergarten system

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C. Methodology with reference to: (i) Self-activity (ii) Social participation (iii) Creativeness

Second Term Course Time: 2½ hours Weightage: 75 Marks

1. To have clear understanding of educational psychology. 2. To understand the nature and role of play as an influential factor in

Educational system. 3. To understand the concept of habits and their formation. 4. To develop numeral/computational skills to handle elementary statistics.

Unit I: Educational Psychology: 10 Marks A. Meaning and Importance B. Scope of Educational Psychology

Unit II: Play: 15 Marks A Meaning & importance of play B Characteristics of play C Difference between plays and work D Difference play activities and their educational Value (Games, Dramas, Group Songs and Scouting)

Unit III: Habit: 10 Marks A Meaning and Importance B Characteristics of habits C Habit formation-concept and laws

Unit IV: Health Education 20 Marks A. Meaning and Importance B. Requirements of good health: (i) Balanced diet (ii) Exercise (iii) Prevention of communicable diseases (iv) Prevention of Pollution-Air, Water & Noise (v) Family welfare-small family norms (vi) Immunization

Unit V: Elementary Education Statistics 20 Marks A Meaning and Importance of Statistics in Education B Tabulation of data C Measures of central tendency: (i) Mean (ii) Median (iii) Mode (Calculation) D Graphic representation of data: (i) Histogram (ii) Frequency Polygon (iii) Ogive and (iv) Pie Chart.

Books Suggested: 1. A textbook of Education by Dr. G. Rasool and Dr. H.P. Mangotra. 2. Education for Beginners by N.A. Nadeem. Fulbright Publishing Co., Karan

Nagar, Srinagar. 3. Principles & Techniques of Education by Safaya and B.D.Shida 4. Education Psychology by S. K. Mangal.

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PSYCHOLOGY Objectives: The specific objectives of teaching psychology at Higher Secondary stage are

1. To familiarize the learners with the basic psychological concepts and methods in order to develop inquisitiveness about Human mind and Behaviour.

2. To nurture basic skills in observing Human behaviour and familiarize the learner with Psychological tools and techniques.

3. To facilitate the students quest for personal growth and effectiveness. 4. To help them become responsible citizens and develop ability to adjust and

contribute towards well being of society. First Term

Time: 2½ hours Max. Marks:- 75 Theory = 60 Marks Practical = 15 Marks Unit I : What is Psychology: 11 m Total = 75 Marks arks Introduction-Psychology as a science, subject matter of psychology, development of

psychology as a modern discipline (Milestone in the history of psychology); Psychology and life, approaches to the study of psychology and life. Approaches to the study of psychology-Biological, behaviouristic, Gestalt, Cognitive, Psychodynamic, Humanistic and Cultural. Fields of Psychology and Psychology in relation to other disciplines {New Frontiers of Psychology}

Unit II : Methods in Psychology : 13 Marks Introduction- Aims of Psychology. Enquiry, Methods of Enquiry. Observational

Experimental { Corelational method}{Simulation}. Cross sectional and Longitudinal studies {Qualitative methods}, Case study. Psychological tools-Tests. Interviews, Questionnaires. Ethical issues involved in Psychological studies.

Unit III : Biological basis of Behaviour: 9 Marks Introduction: - Evolutionary perspective; Genes and behaviour. (Natural selection an

Sociology); Brain and Nervous system; (reflexes). Biology of behaviour: The Nervous system {Communication in the Nervous system}; {Method of studying Brain (MRI)}: Neuro scientific Development; Endocrine system.

Unit IV. Socio-cultural Basis of Behaviour : 7 Marks Introduction; what is culture? Relationship between culture and human behaviour. Socialization and acculturation; (Cultural Organization of social life; (modernization, and Sanskritization). Unit V. Life Span development 12 marks Introduction; what is development? [Growth, maturation, development, evolution]; Principles of Development; Factors influencing development; critical periods of development; Ecology of human Development. Genetic basis of development. Stages of Development (Indian concept of development). Infancy and childhood- Developmental tasks and characteristics {Childhood in India} Adolescence characteristics and challenges [Sex role, Gender and Peer relations], Adulthood stages and challenges. Old age-coping with the problems of old age. Critical life events (Career planning, Unemployment,

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marriage, divorce, single parenting, retirement, death and dying) [Family and Human Development]. Unit VI. Sensory-Perceptual Processes 12 marks Introduction:- Human senses- Vision, Audition, Smell, Taste, Tactile etc.;

{Psychophysics: Classical and Modern Methods; Attentional processes, Determinants of attention; Features of attention:{Study of selective Attention}; Attention and perception; Perceptual processes; Principles of perceptual organization{Illusion}; {Perceptual constancy}; {Motivation and perception; Perception of depth and distance, perception of shape; Perception of space; motivation and Perception;{cultural influences in perception}; Person perception; Social perception; {Extra-Sensory and subliminal perception}; {Top down and Bottom –Processes} {Perception and the States of Consciousness}.

TERM II. Max. Marks 75

Theory: 60 Marks Time 2:30 hrs Practical: 15 Marks

Unit VII. Learning 12 marks Introduction: - What is learning? How does one learn- Classical conditioning; Operant

conditioning; {Comparisons of two types of Learning}. Observational learning- Modeling and social learning, Verbal learning- associative and Organizational process: Concept learning {Artificial concepts Versus Natural categories} Skill learning, Process of learning Extinction, Reinforcement, Generalization and Discrimination, Transfer of learning generic and specific; Determinants of learning (continuous vs. partial reinforcement, motivation, preparedness) Learned helplessness, Learned indolence, Self Punitive Habits} Factors influencing learning; Learning disability; Practical applications of learning principles.

Unit VIII. Memory Processes 12 marks Introduction :- What is Memory? (Encoding, storage, retrieval); [memory research

in historical era [effective-landmarks]; Multiple Memory systems’ {sensory, short -term/working memory]; Long term memory-Episodic and Semantic; Levels of processing. Measurement of memory-Explicit and Implicit memory measures; Memory organization- categories and hierarchical organization, construction and reconstruction on memory; (eye witness memory); [special memory phenomenon; forgetting –Encoding failure, Storage failure and Retrieval failure; Amnesia; Improving memory; [emotion and memory]. Unit IX. Cognitive Process. 9 marks Introduction; Information processing model; measuring the mental processes; What is thinking? Concepts: Reasoning, Problem solving, judgement and decision making {Metacognition; [artificial intelligence; Creative thinking, [fostering creativity];[assesing creativity]; [imagery and cognition ];[cognitive science]. Unit X. Language and Communication. 9 marks Introduction; Language- Nature of human language; language and thought; and characteristics (linguistic, universal, Linguistic structure and meaning); {Transformed Grammer}’Language comperehensional Language Production and language and thought, {Language and Brain}; {Bilingualism-Role of Mother Tongue};

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Communication process; Verbal and Non Verbal communication; Communication skills and barriers in communication [Persuasion and persuasive /effective communication]. Unit XI. Motivation and Emotion 9 marks Introduction; What is motivation? Human needs (Maslow); [Physiological mechanisms: hypothalamus and motivation: Biological Needs; Major Psychological motives-Achievement, Affiliation and Power; Emerging concepts –Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation; Attribution, Competence, Frustration, Conflict and Anxiety; {YERKES DODSON Law; Enhancing Motivation}; Nature of emotions; Expressing emotions; psychology of emotions; Relationship between emotion and motivation; Emotional competence; Culture and emotion;{Examination Anxiety}. Unit XII. Facets and Development 9 marks Introduction: Cognitive development-Piaget’s Theory {Vygotsky Theory}; Socio emotional development- {temperament} attachment, parenting styles, {Peer Group Relations} Stages of psychological development (Erikson); Moral development (Piaget, Kohlberg); Development of values; {Value preference in the Indian context}Holistic development of child; ( Spiritual Development). Practicals for Term I and II 1. One Project (Emphasis should be on the use of different methods of enquiry and

related skills) 2. Three practicals related to the following areas. • Learning • Memory • Motivation • Perception • Attention • Thinking Book Prescribed: Introduction to Psychology-A Textbook of Psychology for classes XI by NCERT, New Delhi.

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SOCIOLOGY Objectives 1. To enable learners to look at social reality objectively 2. To inculcate among learners scientific temper and ability to perceive reality free

from shackles of obscurantism and prejudices and its process of social transformation.

3. To introduce them to basic concept of sociology 4. To elaborate upon these concepts with reference to concrete situations in India, in

order to provide understanding of the social structure and change. 5. To make them familiar with the processes of development and change with

special reference to social relationships 6. To make the learners realize the importance of continuity and change to enable

them to contribute to the social development of India. Curricular concerns and common core components

Study of sociology is expected to incite among students an analytical and objective approach of the social structure and process of social change. It studies the social institutions, social interaction, social behaviour and the complexities of the present day society. Some of the curricular concerns highlighted in the national Curriculum Frame work have been reflected in the syllabus of sociology at this stage and these include India’s freedom struggle (Its social character); promotion of national integration and nurturing national identity; India’s common cultural heritage; equality of sexes; Removal of social barriers; Observance of small family norms, and inculcation of scientific temper.

Course Structure Term I (Introducing Sociology)

Time: 2½ hrs Maximum Marks: 75 Unit I: Sociology as a discipline 15 marks

• Origin, Nature and Scope of sociology: • Relationship with other Social Sciences – History, Political Science and

Economics. Unit II: Basic Concepts 15 marks

• Society • Social Groups • Social Control • Culture

Unit III: Social Institutions 15 marks • Marriage, family and Kinship • Economy and Polity • Religion and Culture • Education

Unit IV: Culture, Personality and Society 15 marks • Interpretations of Culture; • Individual and Socialization; • Culture and Personality Formation.

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Unit V: Methods of Research and techniques of Data Collection 15 marks • Methods: Historical, Comparative and Functional • Techniques: Observation, Case study and Questionnaire.

Term II (Understanding Society)

Time: 2½ hrs Max. Marks: 75 Unit I: Social Structure and Satisfaction marks 15

• System, Structure and Function • Caste, Class, Power, Gender and Ethnicity.

Unit II: Social Processes and Social Change marks 15

• Social Process: Cooperation, Accommodation, Assimilation, Competition and Conflict.

• Social Change: Evolution, Progress and Revolution. Unit III: Social Ecology marks 15

• Environment and Society • Rural – Urban Nexus

Unit IV: Contributions of marks 15 • Karl Marx • Max Weber • Emile Durkheim

Unit V: Contribution of marks 15 • G.S. Ghurge • D. P. Mukerji • Radhakamal Mukherjee • B.K. Sarkar

Project Work (Non-evaluative)

• Socio Economic problems concerning J and K. Books suggested:

1. Introducing Sociology : A textbook for class XI by NCERT, New Delhi 2. Understanding Society : A textbook for class XI by NCERT 3. Indian Society by NCERT.

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HOME SCIENCE (ELECTIVE) Theory: 120 Marks Practicals: 30 Marks

FOOD SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES First Term Course (Food Science) Weightage: Theory = 60 Marks Practicals = 15 Marks

THEORY Food Science

Unit-I : Food in Relation to Good Health: 24 marks Good health external Characteristics of a healthy person. Height-Weight

norms for different age groups. Definitions: Food, nutrients, nutrition, optimum nutrition, malnutrition. Use of food in the body (Digestion, absorption, transport and utilization:

brief review). Functions of food, specific functions of Nutrients, sources of Nutrients, Classification of foods cheap nutritional supplements.

(Fish, flour, soybean products, multipurpose foods prepared indigenously). Unit-II : Planning a balanced diet: 12 marks Definition of Kilocalorie, calorie requirements for various ages Nutrition for infants, Toddlers (weaving foods)/ nutrition for invalids and

convalescents. Balanced diet: requirements of various essential nutrients for different

categories mentioned. Unit-III : Theory 12 marks Food selection & preparation: Food selection, purchase and storage of perishable, semi perishable and non-

perishable foods. Standard, weights and measures for foods. Reasons for cooking Food, Methods of cooking food: Moist heat: Boiling,

steaming-stewing Dry heat: Roasting, grilling, baking, shallow and deep-frying. Action of heat

on various nutrients and changes in nutritional values and colour. Unit-IV : Food Preservation: 12 marks Importance of food preservation causes of food spoilage, Methods of food

preservation, principle of food preservation.

Second Term Course (Management of Resources) Weightage: Theory = 60 Marks Practicals = 15 Marks Unit 1 : 18 marks Definitions of Resources, management, classification of family resources: Human resources; Time, energy, knowledge, skills and abilities. Material

resources natural and man-made. Money. Management process Planning, Organizing, Implementing . Unit II : 18 marks

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Housing-minimum needs for satisfactory living: space, furniture, furnishings, and equipment.

Unit III : 24 marks (i) Environmental aesthetics, Cleanliness and sanitation. Arrangement of

furniture, functional activity and aesthetic considerations. (ii) Disinfections and pest control. Note: - There shall be –6 periods of theory for teaching and 3 periods per week (40

minutes period) for Practical work. References: The Educational-planning group of Delhi.

(i) Food Sciences: Food and Nutrition. A text book of Home Science for Senior Students, Revised Education 1983, Arya Publishing House, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005.

(ii) Management of Resources: The Educational Planning Group of Delhi. (iii) Home Management: A Textbook of Home Science for Senior Students,

Revised Edition 1983, Arya Publishing House, Karol Bagh, New Delhi. PRACTICAL & RELATED EXPERIENCES

Checking their own heights and weights to determine whether they conform to norms for Indian conditions.

Talk by a general physician on the signs of good and poor health. Observations of children in a pediatric ward of a local hospital to note signs and symptoms of different conditions of malnutrition. Bangle Test Prepare charts showing:

1. Essential constituents of a good diet; 2. Food groups 3. Sources of food nutrients (seasonal variations). 4. Cheap nutritional supplements.

Practical experience in planning a day’s meal for: groups: Adults, School Children, pregnancy, and lactation.

1. Different income groups; 2. Vegetarians; 3. Non-vegetarians; 4. Different age groups; 5. Pregnancy and lactation Surveys of local and regional dietary patterns (Starting with their own homes,

relatives and neighbour-hood) to determine whether diets are well balanced. Study of: Effective storage- techniques and equipment. Market surveys of cost and availability

of foods in general use. Weighing and measuring of foods. Practical experience in preparing different daily

meals including preparation of: (i) Cereals, (ii) Pulses and Legumes; (iii) Fruits; (iv) Meat, fish and eggs; (v) Milk and milk products (vi) Snacks; (vii) Vegetables and salads; (viii) Simple desserts.

Preparation of fruit squashes and syrups; Preparation of Jam, murrabhas. Preparation of Pickles, Sundering of foods and vegetables.

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Listing resources available, comparing efficient housewife’s daily routine with that of an inefficient one.

Study of characteristics of a good housewife and an inefficient one. Study of the Characteristics of the family that manages its resources well. Planning a multipurpose room. Making floor plans on graph paper. Cleaning of the house, maintenance and decoration of the house. Storage of household equipment and good market survey of furniture and

furnishings, quality, design and cost.

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MUSIC

Total Marks = 150 Theory = 50 Practical = 100

THEORY Unit-I : 20 Marks divided in two Terms i.e 10 Marks each Term. 1. Writing notation of ragas of your course of study. i. Bilawal ii. Yaman. 2. Writing notation of Taalas of your course of study in single and double

layakaries. i.. Teentaal ii.. Dadra ii i. Kehrva 3. Writing of Alankars in different thaatas- i. Bilawal ii. Kalyan iii. Kafi First Term = (25 marks) Unit-II : 15 Marks 1. Definition and explanation of the following musical terms :

Sangeet, Shruti, Swar, Vadi, Samvadi, Anuvadi, Vivadi, Varjya Swar, Aaroh,

Avroh, Pakad, Thaat, Raag, Taal, Laya, Awartan, Alankar. 2. Sangeet = Northern and Southern Music, Classical, Light Classical and Folk Music. (with examples) 3. Swar = Chal, Achal, Shud, Komal, Teevra (with examples) 4. Saptak = Mandra, madya and Taar (with examples) Second Term = (25 marks) Unit-III : 15 marks 1. Life history of the following Musicians: a. Pandit V.N. Bhatkhande b. Pandit V.D. Paluskar c. Amir Khusro d. Tansen 2. Essays: i. Utility of Harmonium in Classical music. ii. Importance of Taal and Laya in Music iii. Swar - Sadhna. iv. Importance of Music in life. 3. Definition of ragas of your course of study. 4. Definition of Taalas of your course of study.

The candidates should know in which style of singing and playing they are played.

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PRACTICAL 100 Marks

Marks Winter Zone Summer Zone 1st Test in Practicals 40 Last week of June Last week of November 2nd Test in Practicals 40 Last week of September Last week of February Practical File & Impressions 20 1st – Term

1. Alankaars in Bilawal Thaat. 2. Raag Bilawal (Chota Khayal or Razakhani Gat with Four Taans or Todas and

Jhala) 3. Spat practice of Alankars in three Saptak 4. Playing of Teentaal with single and double Layakaries.

2nd – Term 1. Practice of Alankaars in different Thaatas: i. Kalyan ii. Kafi 2. Raag Yaman (Chota Khyal or Razakhani Gat) with four Taans or Todas with

Jhala. 3. Playing of Dadra and Kehrva with single and double Lakayaries. Students must

know in which style of singing and playing they are played. 4. i. One Sargam – Geet for Vocalists. ii. Chhand with different Bols of Mizrab for instrumentalists.

Alankars for Vocalists: 1. Aaroh : Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni, Sa Avroh : Sa, Ni, Dha, Pa, Ma, Ga, Re, Sa 2. Aaroh : Sa Sa Re Re Ga Ga ———————— Avroh : Sa Sa Ni Ni Dha Dha—————— 3. Aaroh : Sa Sa Sa, Re Re Re, Ga Ga Ga —————— Avroh : Sa Sa Sa, Ni Ni Ni, Dha Dha Dha———— 4. Aaroh : Sa Re Ga, Re Ga Ma, Ga Ma, Pa———— Avroh : Sa Ni Dha, Ni Dha Pa, Dha Pa Ma——— 5. Aaroh : Sa Ga, Re Ma, Ga Pa———— Avroh : Sa Dha, Ni Pa, Dha Ma——— Alankars for instrumentalists: 1. Aaroh : Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni, Sa Avroh : Sa, Ni, Dha, Pa, Ma, Ga, Re, Sa 2. Aaroh : Sa Sa, Re Re, Ga Ga————— Mizrab Bol : Dir, Dir Dir———— Avroh : Sa Sa, Ni Ni, Dha Dha ——— Mizrab Bol : Dir Dir Dir 3. Aaroh : Sa Re Re Ga Ma, Pa dhadha Ni Sa———

— Mizrab Bol : Da Dir Da Ra, Da Dir Da Ra——— Avroh : Sa Ni Ni Dha Pa, Ma, Ga Ga Re Sa— 4. Mizrab Bol : Da Dir Da Ra, Da Dir Da Ra — Aaroh : Sa Ga, Re Ma, Ga Pa —————— Mizrab Bol : Da Ra, Da Ra, Da Ra ——————

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Avroh : Sa Dha, Ni Pa, Dha ma —————— Mizrab Bol : Da Ra, Da Ra, Da Ra ———––––– 5. Aaroh : Sa Re Ga, Ra Ga Ma————— Mizrab Bol : Da Ra Da, Da Ra Da———— Avroh : Sa Ni Dha, Ni Dha Pa———— Mizrab Bol : Da Ra Da, Da Ra Da BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Sangeet Shastra Darpan, Part 1 & 2 (By Shanti Goverdhan) 2. Raag Parichay, Part 1 & 2 (By Harish Chander Shrivastav) 3. Sangeet Nibandh (By C.K. Patankar) 4. Hamare Sangeet Rattan (By L.N. Garg) 5. Kramik Pustak Malika, Part I (By V.N. Bhatkhande)

Note: 1. Harmonium will not be allowed as accompaniment in Vocal Music. 2. Playing of Harmonium in Alankars is must. 3. Knowledge of Tabla is must. 4. Bhatkhande Notation System should be followed 5. Unit I is common in both the Terms. 6. Unit II is in First Term. 7. Unit III is in Second Term.

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STATISTICS First Term Course Max. Marks: 60 Unit-wise/ Weightage Unit-I Statistics & Data Collection 10 Marks Unit-II Pictorial & Graphical Representation 10 Marks Unit-III Measures of Location 15 Marks Unit-IV Partition Values 10 Marks Unit-V Measures of Dispersion 15 Marks Second Term Course Max. Marks: 60 Unit wise/ Weightage Unit-I Theoretical Statistics 12 Marks Unit-II Correlation Analysis 10 Marks Unit-III Probability- I 15 Marks Unit-IV Sampling Theory 13 Marks Unit-V Theory of Attributes 10 Marks Practical (Based on first and second term courses) Max. 15 Marks.

Term First Course Time : 2½ hours Weightage: 60 Marks Unit-I: Statistics and Data Collection 10 Marks

Definition of Statistics and its genesis, Importance of Statistics as an interdisciplinary subjects, Limitations of Statistics, Statistical Data, Quantitative Data, Qualitative data, Discrete and Continuous data, Sources of data, Primary and Secondary data, Methods of Collecting data, Questionnaire Method, Merits and demerits of questionnaire method, Interview method. Unit-II: Pictorial and Graphical Representation of Data 10 Marks

Importance of diagrams, Representation of data by diagrams, Rules of constructing diagrams, Simple bar diagrams, Multiple bar diagram, Sub divided bar diagrams. Percentage bar diagrams, Rectangle bar diagrams, Square and Circle diagrams, Pie diagrams, Cartograms, Limitations of diagrammatic representation of data.

Importance of graphical representation of data, Construction of frequency distribution, Construction of Histograms, Graph of a frequency distribution, Frequency Polygon, Frequency Curve, Forms of Frequency Curves; Symmetrical, Bell shaped, Skewed curve, Positively skewed curve, Negatively skewed curve, J-Shaped curve, U shaped curve, Cumulative frequency curve Or Ogive, More than Ogive, less than Ogive. Unit-III : Measures of Location 15 Marks

Introduction, Objective of average, Characteristics of a good average, Arithmetic mean, merits and demerits of mean, Mean for a Combined series, Mode, Computation of mode for Discrete and Continuous data, location of mode graphically, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean and their determination for grouped and ungrouped data, Merits and demerits of G.M and H.M. Relationship between A. M., G.. M. and H.M., Choice of a suitable average. Unit- IV : Partition Value 10 Marks

Median, Graphical location of median for discrete and Continuous data, Deciles and Percentiles Merits and Demerits of median, Quartiles, Deciles, Percentiles, Computation

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of quartile Graphical location of these measures. Empirical relation between mean, median and mode. Unit-V : Measure of Dispersion 15 Marks

Introduction and meaning, Characteristics of an ideal measure of dispersion, bsolute and Relative measures of dispersion, Range, Coefficient of range, Merits and Demerits of range, Inter-quartile range, Mean deviation Standard deviation for simple and composite groups, Root mean square, Correcting values of Mean and Standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Fiducial limits. Term Second Course Time : 2½ hours Weightage: 60 Marks Unit-I: Theoretical Statistics 12 Marks

Moment, Moments about any arbitrary point and about origin (Raw moments), Moments about the mean (Central moments). Relationship between raw moments and central moment (Up to 4th order) Sheppard’s Correction moments of grouped frequency distributions. Skewness, Symmetrical distribution, Positive and negative skewed distributions. Measures of Skewness (Bowleys and Karl Pearson’s), Kurtosis, Measures of Kurtosis, Characterization of distributions bases on the measures of Kurtosis. Unit –II: Correlation Analysis 10 Marks

Various frequency distributions as arising from observation of two variables on the same unit of observations, Correlation, Importance of correlation, Scatter diagram, Type of correlation, Method of studying correlation, Scatter method, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation (co-variance method) for discrete case only and its interpretation, limits of correlation coefficient, Effect of change of origin and scale on correlation coefficient, Rank correlation, and limits for rank correlation Unit – III: Probability-I 15 Marks

Random experiment, trial, sample space, sample point, event, impossible event, Mutually exclusive events, Exhaustive Events, Equally likely events, Independent events, Dependent event. Statistical and mathematical definitions of Probability, Law of addition and multiplication for two and three events only, Simple problems. Concept of Conditional Probability, Statement of Bayes Theorem and its application, Simple problem based on conditional probability. Unit- IV: Sampling Theory 13 Marks

Meaning and Objectives of sampling, Concept of a statistical population and sample form of a population, Complete enumeration, requisites of a good sample, advantages and disadvantage of complete enumeration and sampling, Sampling and non-Sampling errors, Stratified sampling and systematic sampling with their merits and demerits. Methods of drawing a random sample, (I) Lottery Method (II) using random number tables/Scientific Calculators. Unit –V : Theory of Attributes 10 Marks

Introduction, Dichotomy, Notations, Manifold Classification and Class frequencies, Relation between Class frequencies. Total number of Class frequencies Consistency of data, Conditions for attributes, Criterion of Independence, Yule’s coefficient of association.

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Practicals based on First & Second Term course Max. Marks : 30 Time: 2½ hours 1. Construct Tally, Frequency and Cumulative frequency from the raw data. 2. Construct Histogram, Frequency Polygon, and Ogive, Pie charts, and Bar

diagrams. 3. Calculate mean, mode, Harmonic mean and Geometric mean for discrete and

continuous data. 4. Calculate median, quartiles, deciles and percentiles for discrete and continuous data 5. Obtain median, mode, quartiles graphically. 6. Calculate range, inter-quartile range, mean deviation and standard deviation

for discrete and continuous distributions. 7. Calculation of Probability for simple problems. 8. Calculation of raw moments and central moments (Only up to 4th order) for

discrete and continuous series. 9. Obtain Coefficient of Skewness and Kurtosis.

LEARNING OUTCOMES First Term Course

Unit-I : Statistics and Data Collection After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. . Read and recognize various types of statistical data. 2. Identify various methods of collecting statistical data. 3. Use data collection methods to obtain information on any relevant topic. 4. Distinguish between primary and secondary data. 5. Demonstrate skills in describing various statistical methods and make

appropriate use of them in the relevant situations. 6. Understand the scope and importance of statistics as an interdisciplinary subject. 7. Make use of statistical data in the solution of related problems.

8. Understand the merits and demerits of questionnaire and interview methods

Unit-II : Pictorial and Graphical representation After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Read, interpret and draw simple inference from graphical representation of data. 2. Understand the importance of diagrammatical representation of data. 3. Construct and make use of bar diagram, Pie-diagram and Cartogram to represent

statistical information 4. Identify the situation where specific diagrams are needed. 5. Estimate the unknown value from the given graph of a frequency distribution. 6. Recognize histogram, frequency curve, frequency polygon and Ogive. 7. Demonstrate skills in presenting given statistical information accurately in

written tabular, graphical and diagrammatic form. 8. Identify symmetrical, Bell shaped and positively skewed curves. 9. Recognize and make appropriate use of J-shaped, U-shaped and cumulative

frequency curve in the situations of the relevant problem.

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Unit-III : Measure of Location After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. . Read and recognizes various measures of location. 2. Estimate mean, median and mode for discrete and continuous type of data. 3. Understand the merits and demerits of various measures of location. 4. Present accurate mode of a distribution in graphical and diagrammatic form. 5. Determine geometric and harmonic mean and make logical deductions from

grouped and ungrouped data. 6. Understand the relationship among arithmetic mean, geometric mean and

harmonic mean. 7. Use various measures of location in a variety of situations and draw logical

conclusion from a given data. Unit-IV : Partition Value After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Recall median of a given data and understand its scope and importance. 2. Locate median graphically for a given discrete or continuous data. 3. Understand the merits and demerits of median, quartile, and deciles. 4. Compute quartile, decile and percentile of a given data and make 4 logical

conclusions. 5. Present accurately various partitioned values in graphical and diagrammatic

forms. 6. Recognize and establish empirical relation among mean, median and mode. 7. Demonstrate skill in the above mentioned techniques and apply an appropriate

method in the solution of relative problems. Unit-V : Measure of Dispersion After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Read and recognizes various types of measure of dispersion. 2. Understand the characteristic of an ideal measure of dispersion. 3. Identify absolute and relative measure of dispersion. 4. Make use of the formula to determine range and co-efficient of range for a given

data. 5. Understand the merits and demerits of range and inter-quartile range. 6. Estimate mean deviation and standard deviation for discrete and continuous type

of data. 7. Identify standard deviation and root mean square deviation. 8. Recognize co-efficient of variation and make use of a formula to determine the

co-efficient of variation to a data. 9. Demonstrate skills in the above-mentioned techniques and make use of them in

the solution of related problems.

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Second Term Course Unit-I : Moments After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Recognize and calculate moments about any arbitrary point of a given distribution.

2. Establish relationship between row moments and central moments at least up to 4th order.

3. Make use of Sheppard’s formula for correction to moments of a grouped frequency distribution.

4. Identify symmetrical distribution, positive and negative skewed distribution. 5. Understand and estimate measures of skewness by making use of Boyle’s and

Karl Pearson’s formula 6. Make use of the relevant formula to determine the measure of kurtosis of a given

distribution. 7. Demonstrate from it. 8. Make use of scatter diagram method to study the nature of correlation of two

veritable. 9. Interpret and use Karl Pearson co-efficient of correlation formula to determine

the correlation co-efficient of a given discrete data. 10. Understand the upper and lower limits of a correlation co-efficient for a given

frequency distribution. 11. Estimate the value of rank correlation and repeated rank correlation for a given

frequency distribution. 12. Demonstrate skill in above mentioned techniques and apply appropriate method

in the solution of related problems. Unit-III : Probability I After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Understand the terms random experiment, trial, sample space and sample point. 2. Identify mutually exclusive, Exhaustive and equally likely events. 3. Talk about the probability pertaining to the outcome of a random experiment. 4. Recognize the statistical and mathematical definition of probability. 5. Understand the significance of laws of addition and multiplication of

probabilities for two and three events. 6. Recall statement of Baye’s theorem and make use of it in a given situation. 7. Develop a skill to apply the concept of probability in other subjects particularly

in physical and social science. Unit-IV : Sampling Theory After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. Understand the meaning and objective of population and sample. 2. Carry out calculations and understand the significance of a good sample. 3. Recognize advantages and disadvantages of complete enumeration and census. 4. Develop an understanding of sampling and non-sampling errors. 5. Explain merits and demerits of stratified sampling and systematic sampling. 6. State and make use of drawing a random sample from a given population with

and without replacement methods.

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7. Develop statistical ability by considering problems and conducting individual enquiry and experiment including pieces of work of practical nature.

Unit-V : Theory of Attributes After completing this unit the student is expected to:

1. . Recall and understand the significance of a qualitative data. 2. Use class frequencies to obtain the consistency of a given data. 3. Estimate the total number of class frequencies of a given data. 4. Recall and understand the conditions for consistency of a given data. 5. Identify independent and dependent attributes. 6. Recognize and make appropriate use of the criterion of independence in related

problems. 7. Make use of Yule’s co-efficient of associations to calculate the value of

association pertaining to a give number of attributes. 8. Acquire a foundation of above mentioned concepts and make use of them in the

solution of related problems. Books suggested:

1. Fundamentals of Statistics S .P. Gupta 2. Statistical Methods S. P. Gupta 3. Fundamental of Applied Statistics S. C. Gupta & V. K. Kapok 4. Sampling Technique Cochran

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MATHEMATICS

Objectives

The broad objectives of studying mathematics at senior school stage intend to help pupil to

(i) Acquire knowledge and critical understanding of basic facts, concepts, terms, principles and symbols and mastery of underlying processes and skills.

(ii) Apply the knowledge and skill acquired to solve problems. (iii) Develop positive attitude to thinks, analyze and articulate logically. (iv) Develop interest in the subject by participating in related competitions. (v) Develop necessary skills to work with modern technological devices such as

calculators and computers. Term I:

Maximum Marks: 75 Marks Chapter 1. Sets 6 Chapter 2. Relations and Functions 6 Chapter 3. Mathematical Induction 4 Chapter 4. Logarithms 6 Chapter 5. Complex numbers 6 Chapter 6. Linear In equations 6 Chapter 7. Quadratic equations 8 Chapter 8. Sequences and series 8 Chapter 9. Trigonometry 25

Term I Maximum Marks:75 Time : 2½ hrs Chapter 1 : Sets

Sets and their representations, Finite and infinite sets, Empty sets, Equal sets, Subsets, Power sets, Universal sets, Venn diagrams, Complement of a set, Operations on sets, (union, intersection and difference of two sets), Applications of set. Chapter 2: Relations and Functions

Ordered pairs, Cartesian product of sets, Relations, domain and range. Functions into and onto functions, one – one onto functions, Constant functions, Identity function, Composition of functions, Invertible functions, Binary operations. Chapter 3: Mathematical Induction

The principle of mathematical induction, Simple applications. Chapter 4: Logarithms

Meaning of logarithm of a number to a given base a, a >0,a ≠1, Laws of logarithms including change of base, Common logarithm (Base10), Characteristic and mantissa, Antilogarithms, decay (depreciation). Chapter 5: Complex numbers

Complex numbers in the form a + ib, Real and imaginary parts of a complex number, complex conjugate, Argand diagrams, Representation of a complex number by a point in a plane, Modulus and argument of a complex number, Algebra of complex number Triangle inequality;

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/Z1+Z2/ ≤ /Z1/ + /Z2/ and also /Z1 Z2/ = Z1/./Z2/ , Polar representation of a complex number, Square root of a complex number, cube roots of unity. Chapter 6: Linear Inequations

Solution of a linear Inequations in one variable and its graphical representation, Solution of system of linear Inequations in one variable, Graphical solutions of linear Inequations in two variables, solution of system of linear Inequations in two variables. Chapter 7: Quadratic Equations

Solution of quadratic equation in the complex number system by (i) Factorization (ii) Using formula relation between roots and coefficients, Nature of roots, Formation of quadratic equations with given roots, Symmetric function of roots, Equations reducible to quadratic forms. Chapter 8: Sequences and Series

Sequence and examples of finite and infinite sequences, Arithmetic progression (A P) first term, common difference and nth term, Sum to n terms of an A P.Arithmetic mean (A .M.), insertion of arithmetic mean between any two given numbers; Geometric progression (G. P.), first term common ratio and nth term, Sum to n terms and infinite number of term of a G.P., Recurring decimal numbers as geometric series, Geometric mean (G. M.) insertion of geometric means between any two given number. Harmonic progression, Harmonic Mean (H.M), relationship among A.M., G.M., and H.M., Arithmetico- geometric series, sum to n terms and sum of infinite arithmetic- geometric series, Special series Σn, Σn2, Σn3, Sum of series using above special series, Chapter 9: Trigonometry

Degree measure and radian measure of positive and negative angle, relation between degree and radian, Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of a unit circle, periodic functions, concepts of periodicity of trigonometric functions, Values of trigonometric functions of x for x =0, π/6, π/4, π/3, π/2, π, 3π/2, 2π. Trigonometric functions of sum and difference of numbers: Sin (x ± y) = Sinx Cosy ± Cosx Siny; Cos (x ± y) = Cosx Cosy ± Cosx Siny; Tan (x ± y) = tan x ± tan y

1± tan x tan y Sin (2π ± x) = ± Sin x, Cos(2π ± x) = Cosx,Cos (- x) = Cos x. Sin (- x ) = - sin x, cos = ± sin x, sin = cos x, cos (π ± x) = - cos x, Sin (π ± x) = ± Sin x, Trigonometric functions of multiples and submultiples of numbers, Sin 2 x = 2sinx Cosx, Cos2x = 1 – 2sin2x = 2 Cos2x –1 = Cos2 x – Sin2 x, Sin 3x = 3sin x – 4 Sin3 x, Cos3x = 4cos3x – 3cos x, Tan 3x = Sin x + Sin y= 2sin cos x + cos y = 2cos sin x – sin y = 2cos cos x – cos y = - 2sin

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Conditional identities for the angles of a triangle, Graph of the following trigonometric functions :

y = sin x, y = cos x, y = tan x, y = a sin x, y = a cos x, y = a sin bx, y = a cos bx. Solution of Trigonometric equations of the type sinθ = sinα, cosθ = cosα tanθ=

tanα, and equations reducible to these forms, Solution of triangles: Proof and applications of the following formulae:

i) = = b

2+c

2–a

2

ii) cosA = ——— , etc. 2bc iii) a = b cos C + c cos B etc iv) Sin A/2 = etc. v) Cos A/2 = , etc. vi) =( ½ )bc sin A, etc. Problems on heights and distances, Concept of inverse

Trigonometric functions and their use to reduce expressions to simplest forms

i) Sin-1 (sin x) = x and other similar formulae. ii) Sin-1 (1/x) = cosec-1 x and other similar formulae. iii) Sin-1 (-x) = - sin-1 x, tan –1 (-x) = - tan-1x Cosec-1 (-x) = – cosec-1x, cos-1(-x) = π -cos-1 x, Sec-1 (-x) = π - sec-1x, cot-1(-x) = π -cot-1x. iv) Sin-1x + cos-1 x = π/2, tan-1x + cot-1x = π/2, Cosec-1 x + sec-1 x = π/2 v) Tan-1 x + tan-1 y = tan-1 , xy < 1 vi) Tan-1x – tan-1y = tan-1 , xy > –1 vii) 2tan-1x = sin-1 = cos-1 = tan-1 · |x| < 1 Applications.

Term II: Maximum Marks: 75 Chapter 10. Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates 6 Chapter 11. Straight Lines and Family of Straight lines 6 Chapter 12. Circles 6 Chapter 13. Conic Sections 6 Chapter 14. Permutations and Combinations 6 Chapter 15. Binomial Theorem 6 Chapter 16. Exponential and Logarithmic Series 6 Chapter 17. Mathematical Logic 6 Chapter 18. Statistics 6 Chapter 19. Introduction to three- Dimensional Geometry 12 Chapter 20. Vectors 9

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Term II Maximum marks: 75 Time: 2½ hrs Chapter 10: Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates

Recall of Cartesian system of coordinates in a plane. Distance formula, Section formula, Centroid and in centre, Area of a triangle, condition for the co linearity of three points in a plane. Slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, Intercepts of a line on the coordinate axes, Locus and its equation. Chapter 11: Straight line and family of straight lines

Various forms of equations of a line- Parallel to axes, Slope intercept form, point slope form, Symmetric form, Parametric equations of a lines, Two point form, Intercept form, Normal form, General form, Intersection of lines, Equations of bisectors of angle between two lines. Angle between two lines, conditions for concurrency of three lines. Distance of a point from a line, Equations of family of lines through the intersection of two lines, translation of axes. Chapter12: Circles

Standard form of the equation of a circle, General form of the equation of a circle, its radius and center, Equation of the circle in the parametric form, Equation of a circle when the end points of a diameter are given, Points of intersection of a line and a circle with centre at the origin, Condition for a line to be tangent to the given circle, Equation of a tangent to a circle and length of the tangent. Chapter 13: Conic section

Sections of a cone, Equations of conic sections (Parabola, Ellipse and hyperbola) in standard form, application. Chapter 14: Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental principle of counting. The factorial notation, Permutation as an arrangement ,Meaning of p (n, r), Combination, meaning of c (n, r), Applications of permutations and combinations. Chapter 15: Binomial Theorem

Statement of Binomial Theorem, Proof of Binomial theorem for positive integral exponent using principle of mathematical induction and also by combinatorial method, General and middle terms in binomial expansions, Properties of Binomial coefficients, Binomial theorem for any index (without proof), application of Binomial theorem. Chapter 16: Exponential and logarithmic series Concept of e as the sum of an infinite series, proof of 2 <e<3,Exponential function (ex)

x x2

as the infinite series, 1 + –— + —– + …..... and its graph 1! 2!

Logarithmic function (loge x) and its graph. The infinite series for loge (1 +x ), loge (1 –

x) Chapter 17 : Mathematical Logic

Statement, Use of Venn diagrams in logic, Negation operation, Basic logical connectives and compound statements including their negations, Truth tables, Tautology, Duality, Algebra of statements, Applications of logic in solving simple problems.

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Chapter 18: Statistics Mean deviation for ungrouped data, Variation for grouped and ungrouped data,

Standard deviation. Chapter 19: Introduction to three Dimensional Geometry

Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensional space, Coordinate of a point in space, Distance between two points, Section formula, Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points, Projection of the join of two points on a given line, Angle between two lines whose direction ratios are given. Chapter 20: Vectors

Vectors and scalars, Magnitude and Direction of a vector, Types of vectors-equal vectors, unit vector, zero vector, position vector of a point, localized and free vectors, parallel and collinear vectors, negative of a vector, Components of a vector, Addition of vectors, Multiplication of a vector by a scalar, Position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio, Application of vectors in geometry. Book Prescribed : Mathematics for class XI (Part A and B) by A.K. Roy.Published by Oxford University Press in Cooperation with J&K State Board of School Education.

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ISLAMIC STUDIES Islamic education is divided into what is called individual and social education.

Individual education aims at familiarizing the individual with: a. his relation to other creatures, b. his individual responsibilities in life; c. his responsibility towards the human community; d. his social relations; e. his relationship to the universe and universal phenomena and exploration of

natures laws in order to utilize and exploit them, f. his maker’s creative wisdom apparent in his creation.

Islamic studies curricula also aims at:

1. Building a society of good, pious and God- fearing individuals where social justice prevails;

2. Build a society where toleration, brotherhood, love, mercy; goodness and righteousness are predominant;

3. Building a society based on mutual consultation and the maximum exploitation of the individuals intellectual capacities;

4. Building a society where individuals enjoy freedom of thought and are competent to take responsibility;

5. Building a society where individuals can live an ideal, pure and happy life.

Unit wise weightage Unit Marks

First Term course 75 I. Islamic studies: Definition and scope 15 II. Man in the Universe 15 III. Article of faith in Islam 15 IV. Prophet hood in Islam 15 V. Faith in practice 15 Second Term course 75 VI. Prophet Mohammed (at Mecca) 15 VII. Life of Prophet Mohammed at Madinah 15 VIII. Treatment towards other communities 15 IX. Dawah 15 X. The day-to-day life of the Prophet 15 (a brief account)

ISLAMIC STUDIES 1ST TERM COURSE

Total : 75 marks Time : 2½ hours Unit-I : Islamic studies: Definition and Scope Marks 15 (a) Definition: (i) What is Islam? (ii) The rise of Islam (An overview from Aadam to Prophet). (iii) The expansion of Islam after the Prophet.

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(b) Scope Islam and Human life (Individual and collective) (i) Social life. (ii) Economic life. (iii) Moral life. (iv) Family life. Unit- II: Man in the Universe (Islamic Perspective) Marks 15 (i) Universe as a purposeful system of creation. (ii) Creation of man (Quranic account) (iii) Man as a finite being. (iv) Islamic view of life. Unit-III: Articles of Faith in Islam Marks 15 (i) What is Faith? (ii) Faith in Allah (angels and destiny). (iii) Faith in Risallah (Prophethood) (iv) Faith in the Hereafter. Unit –IV: Prophet hood in Islam Marks 15 (i) Concept of Prophethood. (ii) Role of Prophets in human Society. (iii) Some prominent Prophets: - a) Aadam b) Nuh c) Ibrahim d) Musa e) Daud f) Sulaiman g) Essa. Unit-V: Faith in Practice Marks 15 (i) Impact of faith upon the behaviour of an Individual. (ii) Development of sense of responsibility and accountability. (iii) The Social behaviour of God-conscious persons.

Second Term Course Total Marks : 75 Time : 2½ hours Unit-VI : Prophet Muhammad (SAW) at Makkah Marks 15 (i) Early life of the Prophet (prior to revelation) (ii) Nabuwath. (iii) Life at Makkah (Post-revelation) (iv) Hijrath. Unit-VII: Life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) at Madinah Marks 15 (i) Emergence of Muslim Community. (ii) Characteristics of Madinan Community. (a) Brotherhood. (b) Fraternity. (c) Sincerity. Unit-VIII: Treatment towards other communities Marks 15 Unit –IX: Dawah Marks 15 (i) Preaching of Islam. (ii) S ulahi-hudaybiya (iii) Conquest of Makkah. (iv) The Sermon of Hijat-ul-Widah and its importance. (v) Muhammad as seal of the Prophets. Unit-X: The day to day life of the Prophet (A brief account) Marks 15 (i) Worship. (ii) Family life.

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(iii) Attitude towards neighbours, slaves and strangers. Books prescribed : Islamic Studies by Farida Khanam, Published by Devera Books New Delhi. Books recommended : 1. Introduction to Islam “by Dr. Hamid-ullah. 2. What is Islam? Late Moulana Manzoor Nomani. 3. Prophet of Mercy by Moulana Ali Mian. 4. The life of Muhammad “by Dr. Hamid-ullah.

SHCEME OF ASSESSMENT The performance of students shall be assessed on the basis of four unit tests and two

Term tests under Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) scheme. The first two unit tests and the first Term Test shall be based on the first Term course. The next two unit tests and the second Term Test shall be based on second Term course. Weightage to various unit tests and Term Tests is given below: Unit test (U1) 15 Marks Unit test (U2) 10 Marks First Term Test (T1) 50 Marks Unit test (U3) 15 Marks Unit test (U4) 10 Marks Second Term Test (T2) 50 Marks

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VEDIC STUDIES Term First Course

Total Marks : 75 Unit I Vedic Studies – Definition and Scope 20 Marks Unit II Origin of Vedas 20 Marks Unit III Vedic gods and goddesses 15 Marks Unit IV The Later Vedic Literature 20 Marks

Term Second Course Total Marks : 75

Unit V Vedic Society 15 Marks Unit VI Role and Status of Women 15 Marks Unit VII Polity and Administration 15 Marks Unit VIII Economic Life 15 Marks Unit IX Vedic Values 15 Marks

SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT The Performance of the Students shall be assessed on the basis of ‘Four Unit Tests’

and Two Term Tests under Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (C.C.E.) Scheme. The first two unit tests and the First Term Test shall be based on the first term Course. The third, fourth unit tests and the Second Term Test shall be based on Second Term Course. Weightage to various unit tests and Term Tests is given below:

Marks Time Unit Test (U1) 15 Unit Test (U2) 15 TERMINAL Test (T1) 45 2½ Hours Unit Test (U3) 15 Unit Test (U4) 15 TERMINAL Test (T2) 45 2½ Hours

TERM FIRST COURSE Total Marks : 75 Time : 2½ Hours

Unit I : Vedic Studies : Definition and Scope 20 Marks (i) Definition and Scope of Vedic Studies (ii) What is Veda? (iii) Importance of Vedas (iv) The Vedas – Rigveda, Yajurveda, Såmveda and Atharva Veda

Unit II : Origin of Vedas : 20 Marks (i) Paurusheya or Apaurusheya (ii) Rishis and Rishikås.

Unit III : Vedic gods and goddesses 15 Marks (i) The nature and classification of the Vedic gods (a) Terrestrial (b) Aerial or Intermediate (c) Celestial (ii) Pantheism and Monotheism

Unit IV : The Later Vedic Literature : 20 Marks (i) The Bråhmanas (ii) The Åranyakas (iii) The Upanishads

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TERM SECOND COURSE Total : 75 marks Time : 2½ hours

Unit V : Vedic Society: 15 Marks (i) Family, Vish (Clan), Jana (Tribe) Varnas. (ii) Education, Dress, Food and Drinks. (iii) Habits and customs, Manners and the four Ashramas.

Unit VI : Role and Status of Women: 15 Marks (i) Right to Education. (ii) Institution of Marriage & Women. (iii) Position of Widow. (iv) Proprietary Rights.

Unit VII : Polity and Administration: 15 Marks (i) The Nature of the State–Monarchical and Republican. (ii) The Vedic Kings and Chief Officials. (iii) Popular Assemblies.

Unit VIII: Economic Life: 15 Marks (i) Agriculture and Cattle rearing. (ii) Occupations and Industries (iii) Trade and Commerce

Unit IX : Vedic Values: 15 Marks (i) Social Values. Ethical Values

Book Prescribed: Vedic Studies Part-I Published by Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education.

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COMPUTER SCIENCE

“…It is unworthy of excellent men to lose hours like slaves in the labour of calculation which could safely be regulated to anyone else if machines were used...” said Leibnitz in the beginning of seventeenth century. Farsighted vision, in depth study accompanied by target oriented efforts of such torch bearers have ushered in an age on computers.

Be it Science or Engineering, Medical World or Launching of Space Crafts, Study of Universe or Inter Continental Communications, Research and Development or Entertainment -the core ingredient is Computer. For all those students who wish to explore both ‘Art’ and ‘Science’ of Computers, study of this curriculum could be the first step for them to take.

COURSE STRUCTURE TOTAL MARKS: 150 Theory: 100 marks Practicals: 50 marks Unit-wise Marks Units Marks (i) Getting Started 10 (ii) Introduction To Programming In C++ 70 (iii) Data Representation 10 (iv) Computer Organisation 10 Total 100

Term I Max. Marks: 75 Time : 2½ hours

Theory: 50

1. UNIT–I : GETTING STARTED 10 Chapter 1 : Computer Overview 05 Chapter 2 : Microsoft Operating System 05 2. UNIT-II-A INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING IN C++ 40 Chapter 3 : Object Oriented Programming 05 Chapter 4 : Introduction to C++ 05 Chapter 5 : Operators and expressions 05 Chapter 6 : Algorithms 08 Chapter 7 : Flow of control 12 Chapter 8 : I/O functions 05

PRACTICALS Total Marks: 25

1. Programming in C++ 10 One programming problem in C++ to be developed and tested in Computer during the examination. Marks will be allotted on the basis of following:

I. Logic: 05 Marks II. Documentation/Indentation: 02 Marks

III. Output presentation: 03Marks

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Notes: There will be application type problems. 2. Practical File 08 Must have minimum 15 programs from the topics covered in class XI course. 3. Viva Voce 07 Viva will be based on the syllabus for class XI and the project developed by student.

Term II Max. Marks: 75 Time : 2½ hours

Theory : 50 marks Practicals : 25 marks 1. UNIT-II–B : INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING IN C++ 30 Chapter 9 : Structured data type: Array 10 Chapter 10 : Functions 10 Chapter 11 : Standard Library Functions and Header Files 04 Chapter 12 : Programming Methodology 06 2. UNIT-III : DATA REPRESENTATION 10 Chapter 13 : Data Representation 10 3. UNIT-IV : COMPUTER ORGANISATION 10 Chapter 14 : Computer Organization 04 Chapter 15 : Hypothetical Computer 02 Chapter 16 : Operating System 04 Practical: 25 marks

1. Programming in C++ 10 One programming problem in C++ to be developed and tested in Computer during

the examination. Marks are allotted on the basis of following: i. Logic : 05 Marks ii. Documentation/Indentation : 02 Marks iii. Output presentation : 03 Marks Notes: The types of problems to be given will be of application type from the

following topics.

2. Project Work 05 (As mentioned in general guidelines for project, given at the end of the Curriculum)

3. Practical File 05 Must have minimum 15 programs from the topics covered in class XI course.

4. Viva Voce 05 Viva will be asked from syllabus covered in class XI and the project developed by

student.

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DETAILED SYLLABUS Term - I

UNIT I: GETTING STARTED 10 marks Evolution of computers:

Basics of computer and its operation: Functional Components and their inter- connections, MICRO SOFT DISK OPERATING SYSTEM:

Concept of Booting, Use of Operating System for directory listing, Renaming, Copying, Deleting Files/Folders, Formatting floppy; Switching between tasks; Loading and executing files;

UNIT III–A : INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING IN C++ 40 marks ”Object Oriented Technology is regarded as the ultimate paradigm for the

modelling of information, be that information data or logic. The C++ has by now shown to fulfill this goal.” PROGRAMMING By EXAMPLE IN C++ LANGUAGE :

C++ character set, C++ Tokens (Identifiers, Keywords, Constants, Operators) Structure of a C++ Program (include files, declaration of an object, main function); Header files; iostream.h, iomanip.h; cout, cin. Use of I/O operators ( « and » ), Use of setw() and endl, Cascading of I/O operators, Error Message; Use of editor, basic commands of editor, compilation, linking and execution. DATA TYPES, VARIABLES AND CONSTANTS :

Concept of Data types; Built-in Data types; void, char, int, float and double; Constants; Integer Constants, Character Constants (Backslash character constants: \n; \a, \r, \t), Floating point Constants, String Constants; Variables of built-in data types, Access Modifier; const; type modifiers; signed, unsigned, short, long; OPERATORS AND EXPRESSIONS :

Operators: Arithmetic operators ( -, + , */ , % ), Urinary operator ( -), Increment and Decrement Operators (- -, ++), Relational Operators.(>, >=, <, <=, =!=), Logical operators (&&, II, !), conditional operator ?: (condition ? if statements: else-statements), Precedence of Operators;

Expressions; Automatic Type conversion in expressions, C++ shorthands (+=, -=, *=, /=, %=); Assignment statement: Variable initialisations; Type Compatibility, Type casting; FLOW OF CONTROL:

Conditional Statements: if-else statement if-else-if-ladder, nested if, ? As alternative to if, switch-case, Nested switch, default statement, break statement; Simple Control statement, Comma Operator, exit 0 function; Loops while statement, do-while statement, for statement, nested control structures;

INPUT OUTPUT FUNCTIONS Header file: stdio.h =? getc(), putc() gets() and puts() functions;

Term - II UNIT-II–B : INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING IN C++ 30 marks STRUCTURED DATA TYPE : ARRAY

Use of arrays one and two dimensional arrays -declaration, initialisation, reading, display, manipulation: such as liner search, finding maximum/minimum value, matrix arithmetic;

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String: String manipulations such as reversing a string, reversing each word of a string, counting vowels, consonants, special characters from string; BUILT-IN FUNCTION:

Header files : string.h, ctype.h, math.h, stdIib.h. Standard functions - character and string related functions: isalnumO, isalpha(),

isdigit(), islower(), isupper(), tolower, toupper(), strcpy(), strcat(), strien(), strcmp(); strcmpi(), atoi(), itoa(), ato1(), 1toa()

Mathematical functions: abs(), sqrt(), exp(), log(), log10(), frexp(), sin(), cos() FUNCTIONS:

Defining a function; Function Prototype, Invoking a function; Passing arguments to function, specifying argument data types, default arguments, constant arguments, call by value, call by reference, returning values from a function, calling functions with arrays; scope rules of functions and variables; PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY:

General Concepts; Modular approach; Stylistic Guidelines; Clarity and Simplicity of Expressions, Names, Comments, Indentation; Documentation and Program Maintenance; Running and Debugging programs, Syntax Errors, Run- Time Errors, Logic Errors. “ UNIT III : DATA REPRESENTATION 10 marks

Binary representation of numbers : Integer (2’s complement); Real (standard floating point form);. Binary Arithmetic (addition, subtraction); Octal and Hexadecimal representation of numbers. Representing Characters using ASCII Codes. UNIT IV: COMPUTER ORGANISATION 10 marks COMPUTER ORGANISATION

Input/ Output and memory Devices: Floppy Disk, Hard Disk, (Concept of Track, Cylinder, Sector, Access Time, Storage Capacity, Data Transfer Time), Optical Disk Technology, Keyboard, Mouse, Printers (Dot Matrix, Laser, Deskjet/Inkjet/Bubblejet ), Monitor, Primary Memory , RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM;

HYPOTHETICAL COMPUTER Processor: Description of a Processor using logical structure of a hypothetical

computer consisting of Accumulator, Instruction Register, and Program Counter; Operations for hypothetical computer: Load, Store, Unconditional and Conditional Jumps, Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide and Halt; Instruction format; Instructions using single address only. OPERATING SYSTEM

Need for operating system, Functions of Operating System (Processor Management, Memory Management, File Management and Device Management), Types of operating system – Interactive (GUI based), Time Sharing, Real Time and Distributed; Note: The above-mentioned Operating System specific tasks can be illustrated and

implemented using any operating system. Books Suggested: 1. Computer Science for class XI published by Oxford University Press in cooperation with Jammu & Kashmir State Board of School Education. 2. Information Practice by A. Aalam, Published by Devra Books, Delhi.

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Course Structure

Term I

Marks : 75 Theory : 50 Practicals: 25

Contents 1. The Many Faces of Computers (Th 10 + P5) 2. The Windows Desktop (Th 15 + P8) 3. Working with Windows (Th 15 + P8) 4. Responsible Computing (Th 10 + P4) Chapter 1 : The Many Faces of Computers After completing this chapter a student is expected to : 1. Identify how computers can be used for learning. 1.1 explains how computers can be used for learning academic subjects such

as English, Math, Science etc. 1.1.1 Identify and learn about various software programs such as:

Adventures in Speaking English, Where in the World is carmen Sandiego, 50 Years of India’s Independence and A.D.A.M, The Inside Story.

1.1.2 express what they would like, to learn on computers. Pick any one of their ideas and describe the way they would show it in a software program. Draw a picture to go along with your description.

1.1.3 Convince people why and how educational CDs are beneficial. 1.1.4 Use subject CDs to learn academic subject contents. 1.1.5 Write a two paragraph description about a software that teaches

subject. 2. Identify how computers are used as a Productivity tool. 2.1 name a few programs that are used for productivity. 2.2 discuss how they could use the computer to put on an original play school. 2.3 encourage a teacher in their school to make use of computers when

preparing for the next school function and explain why computers can make work more productive.

3. Identify how computers are used for creating art and music. 3.1 identify Photo Deluxe as a program used for drawing on computers. 3.2 explain how Photo Deluxe is used for creating art and giving special

effects. 3.3 Visit Surya website’s students’ Art corner

(http://surya.jiva.ac.in/students/art.html) and other art related web sites on the Internet to look at the art posted by students.

3.4 Name two programs used for creating and listening to music on the Internet: Junglematic and Electrobop.

3.4.1 visit their website on the Internet. (URL listed in the chapter) 3.5 Identify Jiva Kid’s Pack: Fun at the Village as a software program which

used for playing and creating Indian music.

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3.6 State that there is a music program that writes music by itself. 3.7 Transform photographs with Photo Deluxe. 4. Explain how computers can help someone write a book. 5. Visit the New Waves website (http://surya.jiva.ac.in/newwaves), post their own

suggestions and try out the various activities listed on the site Chapter 2 : The Windows Desktop After completing this Chapter a student is expected to: 1. turn a computer on and off. 2. define the term “booting”. 3. identify and differentiate between the PC and Mac desktops. 4. identify and use different parts of the desktop (file, folder, recycle bin, icon, hard disk drive). 4.1 define an icon. 4.2 define folders and files. 5. manage files and folders 5.1 Given a desktop or folder that has not been kept properly, clean it up by

creating new folders, moving files around and deleting unnecessary files. 6. create a new folder and file from the desktop and from inside a folder. 6.1 create their own folder on the desktop or inside their class folder and then

save their files in their folder. 7. rename a folder and a file. 8. save files into appropriate folders. 9. identify an active and inactive window. 9.1 make different windows active and inactive with many windows open on the desktop. 10. maximize and minimize windows. 11. Identify, define and use a scroll bar. 12. Use File and Edit menus. 12.1 differentiate between Save and Save As. 13. use the Toolbar in different programs such as MS Word or Wordpad. 14. Explore the different ways of navigating around the computer using various

buttons such ass Home, Back, Forward, etc. 15. Shut down the computer. 16. On plain or chart paper, design their own desktop using pieces and simulate how a

desktop works. Chapter : 3 Working with Word Students can…. 1. explain how word processing evolved from earlier times. 2. Define word processing. 3. Open the word processor. 4. Identify the various components of MS Word window: Menu bar, Toolbar, Title

bar, Scroll arrow and Scroll bar. 5. Create a document. 6. Enter the text. 7. Edit a document. 7.1 insert, delete, cut and paste the text.

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7.2 Replace the text. 7.3 Punctuate a paragraph. 7.4 Give a paragraph in which the sentences are out of sequence, put them in

the correct order. 8. format a document. 8.1 bold, underline and italicise text. 8.2 Align text to left, centre and right. 8.3 use different fonts such as Helvetica font, Times New Roman font and

New York font for different purposes. 8.4 Give texts in a particular fonts, identify the fonts used. 9. use the Undo feature. 10. Give three reasons of why formatting is done. 11. Print document. 12. Look at one or two pages in a magazine or newspaper and identify where different

types of formatting is used. Think about the styles, size, fonts and alignments. 12.1 explain why those fonts were used each of the places. 12.2 change the font style and size. 13. make a poster that advertises an event in their school, create it on paper, using

sketch pens or crayons and include different kinds of formatting to make their poster effective.

14. Save a document. 14.1 differentiate between Save and Save As. 15. close and open a document. 16. Give finishing touches to a document 16.1 use print preview. 16.2 Add spaces between lines. 17. perform the “Word Processing Step by Step Practical” give at the end of the book,

Connecting Through Computers-1. 18. Type a short report for their science or social studies class. 19. Recreate the invitation to the school play found in this chapter. Chapter: 4 Responsible Computing Students can … 1. explain what ethics means. 2. demonstrate respect for computer work of others. 3. Take permission from others before using their work. 3.1 role play the scene where they have to take the permission for using

somebody else’s work. 3.2 Make changes to an existing file that is owned by another student and ask

for his/her permission before doing so. 3.3 Express how people feel when their work is copied by others without

taking permission form them. 4. give credit to people for their work. 4.1 cite the source of work. 4.2 Explain how they would feel if someone used their work and didn’t give

them credit for that.

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4.3 Find an example of a cited source in a book or other written text. 4.4 Find examples of people who have given credit to others in books, web

pages, ,magazines etc. 4.5 Guide people to proper direction who copy other’ work without ever

giving them credit. 5. submit their own work. 5.1 explain what happens when students submit the copied work. 6. identify ways to prevent vandalism. 6.1 list consequences of vandalism of hardware. 6.2 Imagine a computer in their lab has been destroyed, describe the effect

that this act will have on student, teachers and others in the school. 6.3 Come up with in which they prevent vandalism in their computer

classroom. 7. identify ways to care for computer. 7.1 identify and define a screensaver. 7.2 Describe how a screensaver works. 7.3 Turn a screensaver on and off. 8. identify ways to care for their own body. 8.1 identify problems caused by computers and ways to overcome them. 8.2 Play the role of the patient and the doctor with a partner and discuss

problems caused by computers and the ways to prevent them. 8.3 Inform a computer user of healthy ways of using the computer. 8.4 Demonstrate methods of keeping the body fit while using computers. 9. differentiate between ethical and unethical behaviour based on the given

circumstances. 10. Create a poster to hang up in their computer lab related to ethical computer

behaviour, vandalism of caring for the body while using computers. 11. Create a cartoon strip on paper that demonstrates the ethical use of computers. 12. Hold a class discussion on how ethical behaviour could be promoted among

students in their school, other schools or around the country.

Term II Mark : 75 Theory : 50 Practical : 25

Contents 1. Doorway to data bases (Th 10 + P5) 2. Multimedia Magic (Th 10 + P5) 3. Success with spread sheets (Th 10 + P5) 4. The Internet Connection (Th 10 + P5) 5. Computer in the world (Th 10 + P5) Th - Theory P - Practicals Chapter 5 : Doorway to Databases Students can …. 1. Define a database. 2. Open and close Microsoft Access.

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3. Open an existing database. 4. Save their work. 5. Compare database with card catalogue. 6. Discuss and suggest how databases could be used in different places such as a

hospital, museum, police station and an automobile factory. 7. Define commonly used database management terms such as table, record, field,

form, data entry, sort and search. 8. Enter data into a database. 9. Use the find command. 9.1 search for specific information in a database. 9.2 Search for partial information. 9.3 Discuss what problems a professional can face by not making use of

database. 10. Use the Short command. 10.1 define sorting. 10.2 Sort records alphabetically and numerically. 11. create and close a table and form. 12. Identify the importance of entering accurate information in databases. 12.1 interpret what would happen if information were entered carelessly in the

following palaces: a library a bank an airline 13. Identify the various applications of databases. 14. Name some professionals who make use of databases. 15. Inform a relative how they could use a database. 16. Perform the “Database Step by Step Practical” given at the end of the book,

connecting through computer-1. 17. Make a database of movies, books or a topic of heir choice. 18. Visit the website http://www.unicef.org and use the search facility on the site to

search the various databases. 19. Create a database with a table called “Indian States”. 20. Create a database of the students in their class. 21. Perform the projects and activities given at end of the chapter. Chapter 6 : Multimedia Magic Students can … 1. define and explain the meaning multimedia. 2. distinguish between multimedia and CD-ROM. 3. identify multimedia software grams for learning academic subjects. 4. explain how multimedia can be used in education. 5. use a multimedia CD-ROM to find out about animals, the earth or other science

related topics. 6. Think of a way they could use many senses to learn a poem, list of vocabulary

words, or something from their science class. 7. Define and identify a sound card. 8. Define and identify a scanner. 9. State the use of a scanner. 10. Scan pictures with a scanner.

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11. List what images they would scan if they were making a school yearbook. 12. Identify different types of files and formats: graphic files, sound files, files and

movie files. 13. Identify how computers can be used for creating art. 13.1 identify Photo Deluxe as a drawing program for computes. 13.2 Identify the workspace of Photo Deluxe and its components., 13.3 Explain different types of special effects that can be given using this

program. 13.4 Apply different special effects to a picture or photograph such as creating

water ripples, changing brightness/contrast, etc. 13.5 State advantages of using Photo Deluxe. 13.6 Discuss the possible interesting ways of using Photo Deluxe. 13.7 Modify a picture using Photo Deluxe. 14. visit online galleries on the internet, such as Florian Maushart’s gallery of

computer-generated pictures at http://ourword.compuserv.com/homepages/Maushart

15. identity how computers are used for making multimedia presentations. 15.1 explain the meaning of a slideshow. 15.2 Compare a slideshow and multimedia presentation. 15.3 Identify Hyper Studio as a multimedia presentation program. 15.4 List some things that can be created with Hyper Studio. 15.5 Read some descriptions of stacks made by Indian children given within

the chapter. 15.6 Look at some sample projects contained in Hyper Studio and observe how

they where made. 15.7 Identify the workspace of Hyper Studio and its components 15.8 Add buttons to a card. 15.9 Add sound to a card. 15.10 Add a transition. 15.11 Define and identify clip art files. 15.12 Explain how professionals use Hyper Studio for their work. 15.13 Given the ideas, suggest how they would represent them using Hyper

Studio. 15.14 Explore a Hyper Studio stack made by the teacher or other students. 15.15 Create a stack on planets and satellites, a vocabulary book, or a topic of

their choice 16. submit their original artwork or Hyper Studio stacks to the Art Gallery at the

Surya website (http://surya.jiva.ac.in/) located in the Students Corner. 17. Describe what multimedia is how it is used. 18. List equipment required for multimedia. Chapter : 7 Success with Spreadsheets Students can ... 1. Define a spreadsheet. 2. Name the first major commercial spreadsheet software program and the year it

was released in (1979). 3. Compare paper and computer spreadsheets.

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3.1 give examples of paper spreadsheets. 4. identify Microsoft Excel as a spreadsheet program 5. open and close Microsoft Excel. 6. Create a spreadsheet. 7. Define spreadsheet related terms such as cells, rows columns, active cell inactive

cell. 8. Enter numbers into cells. 9. Explain how spreadsheet can be used in the professional world. 10. Learn to analyse data in a spreadsheet. 11. Identify a spreadsheet formula and differentiate it from a mathematical formula. 12. Navigate a spreadsheet using different keyboard keys and mouse. 13. Use formula to add figures and to calculate averages. 14. Describe how a spreadsheet is helpful in calculating figures. 15. Edit a spreadsheet. 16. List some of the benefits of being able to add in a spreadsheet with a partner. 17. Interpret and create their own formulas. 18. View data in charts. 19. Create a chart. 20. Print a spreadsheet. 21. Discuss with a parent or relative how they could make use of a spreadsheet in

their workplace. 22. Perform the Spreadsheet Step Practical on page at the end of the book. 23. Make a spreadsheet to enter their and their friends marks in all the subjects in then

last exam, and then calculate the total and average of it. 24. Plan a class party, organise their budget using a spreadsheet and then calculate the

cost of the items. 25. Create a spreadsheet on the municipal committee by taking a budget of 20 corers

and dividing it among different areas, such as power, roads, telecom, educational and police.

26. Use a spreadsheet picture to demonstrate how a computer spreadsheet works. With the teacher, decide upon the type of spreadsheet they will create.

27. Use a spreadsheet to solve a particular problem. Chapter 8 : The Internet Connection Students can … 1. explain in simple terms how a network functions. 2. Define a network. 3. List some uses of a network. 4. Explain the Internet in terms of Computers, Information and People. 5. List things that can be done on the Internet. 6. Identify who an Internet Service Provider is. 7. Define a modem and state its use. 8. Define an e-mail. 9. Compare e-mail and postal mail.

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10. Write an e-mail. 10.1 With a group of classmates, write an e-mail message to students from

another country that they have studied about in their social studies class, find out information about things that they have studies, and try to find out some other things that their book has not mentioned.

11. Send an e-mail message. 12. Identify correct e-mail addresses. 13. Pronounce an e-mail address properly. 14. Write proper subjects of messages. 14.1 differentiate between good and bad subjects. 15. explain how e-mails travel from one computer to another. 16. Work as a class to create an e-mail exchange, use people as computers and

networks. 17. Identify how e-mail is used by students. 17.1 for keypals 17.1.1 explain what keypal means. 17.1.2 visit the following website on the Internet to make keypals

(http://www.ziplink.net/users/tlipcon/keypals/) 17.2 as a study tool 17.2.1 explain how computers are used as a study tool. 17.2.2 Write e-mails to their counterparts to learn about subject topics

under the guidance of the teacher. 17.3 Keep in touch with relatives. 17.3.1 Explain how they would use e-mail in their daily life. 17.3.2 Write e-mails to their relatives (if anybody has) to keep in touch

with them. 18. define the World Wide Web. 19. Define web pages and websites. 20. Differentiate between web pages and websites. 21. List some examples of websites. 22. Reason why people make their own web pages. 23. Define a home page. 24. Define links and give its examples. 25. Define a web browser and give its examples 26. Identify an Internet address. 26.1 distinguish an Internet address form an e-mail address. 27. Identify the URL box. 28. Pronounce a URL correctly. 29. Access student web pages on the Internet. 30. Guess the content of a website just by looking at its picture in the book. 31. Explain an Internet Directory with an example. 32. Compare Internet directories with yellow pages. 33. Use the Yahoo Internet directory to find a website on a topic provided to them by

their teacher. Use both the directories and the search box. 34. Learn to search on the Internet. 35. Visit various websites listed in the book.

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36. Visit a key pal’s web page, find a key pal of their own and then send a message to him or her.

37. Visit a website that teachers about a subject class. Their teacher will provide the website address (URL).

38. Connect to the EOE website (http://www.eoe.org) and use educational Java applets.

39. Design their own website on paper with their classmates. If possible, have their teacher help them create the web pages and put them on the Surya website (http://surya jiva.ac.in).

40. Visit resources on the Internet provided in the chapter. Chapter 9 : Computer in the world Students can…. 1. explore how computers are used in different fields such as fashion, travel and

crime fighting. 2. Identify how computers are used in fashion. 2.1 explain how computer designers use programs for various purposes. 2.2 explain how computer software is used to design a hairstyle. 2.3 visit the virtual Makeover website (http://www. virtualmakeover.Com) to

explore how the fashion software works in detail. 3. Identify how computer are used for travel. 3.1 explain how computer are used for making travel plans. 3.1.1 visit various travel websites on the internet such as Explore India,

Travelocity and Travelang. 3.2 explain how computers are used for booking tickets. 3.3 illustrate how computers are helpful in checking into the airport with the

airline. 3.4 describe how computers are helpful in going through immigration. 3.5 explain how computers are useful for travelling from one destination to

the other. 3.6 Imagine what it would be like when everything goes hi-tech and

computerised and people are visiting different places right on the internet without ever being physically there. Think and tell if people will still continue to travel, or will they simply visit places virtually.

4. identify how computers are used for crime fighting. 4.1 explain how computers are used for analysing the finger prints. 4.2 Explain how computers can analyse blood, soil, DNA, and other elements. 4.3 In groups, select a profession other than the ones described above, and

write three ways that computers could be used in it. 5. analyse the effect of computers on the lives of people. 5.1 Given some topics, research and create a written/oral report of Hyper

Studio presentation about how the computer has affected people’s lives using resources such as encyclopedias, newspapers, magazines, the Internet and personal interviews.

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6. find a beautician, person in the travel industry or police officer and find out if they make use of computers. If not, inform them about how computers can be used in their field.

7. Invite a professional, who used computers, to come visit the class. 8. Select a profession, in groups, other than the ones described above and write three

ways that computers could be used in it. 9. name some professions that would not benefit by the use of the computer. 10. list the advantages of knowing computers for finding a job. 10.1 realize that more jobs would require IT knowledge in the 21st century. 11. convince other people for learning computers. 12. make a collage showing examples of technology in India or the world. Books Recommended :

1. Connecting through Computer-II, Published by JIVA Institute Faridabad (Haryana).

2. Multimedia and Web technology by Dr. A. Alam, Published by Devra Books, New Delhi.

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FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

Aims and Objectives of the Functional English Courses (i) To enable the learner to acquire competence with special emphasis on different

linguistic functions. (ii) To reinforce the various sub skills acquired in classes IX and X with reference

to reading, writing, listening and speaking. (iii) To equip the learner with language skills that will enable him/ her to achieve

his/ her Academic and career goals. (iv) To broaden the language base that will empower the learner to use language

for creative purposes. (v) To promote personal growth and development..

The Approach to Functional English Curriculum (i) A skill based communicative approach recommended in Functional English,

with graded texts followed by learner centered and teacher- friendly activities. (ii) It is recommended that teachers consciously take a back seat, playing the role

of a manager, co-ordinator and facilitator. (iii) Texts used are varied, authentic and represent various authors to help the

learner discover the various facets of language in use.

The following skills and their objectives are spelt out in detail: - 1. Reading (i) Variety in text type rather than having only short stories and prose pieces. (ii) Activities in built with enough guidance to the teacher and learners towards

acquisition of reading skills. (iii) Vocabulary developed through word building skills. (iv) Reading inputs cater to the needs of the students and help to prepare them for

professional courses as well as vocational courses. (v) Ten core objectives of the National Policy kept in mind while looking for

reading inputs and working on the materials. Specific objectives of Reading (a) To develop specific study skills such as follows: (i)To refer to dictionaries, encyclopedia, thesaurus and academic reference material. (ii) To select and extract relevant information, using reading skills of skimming

and scanning. (iii) To trans code information from one form to another. (iv) To be able to read and comprehend a given text (for example advertisements,

posters, newspaper articles, reports, write- ups, extracts etc. specifically. (v) To understand the writer’s attitude and bias. (vi) To comprehend the difference between what is said and what is implied. (vii) To understand the language of propaganda and persuasion. (viii) To develop the ability to differentiate between claims and realities, facts and

opinion.

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(ix) To develop the ability to form business opinion on the basis of latest trends available.

(x) To develop the ability to comprehend technical language as required in computer related fields.

(xi) To arrive at personal conclusion and comment on a given text specifically. (xii) To develop the ability to be original and creative in interpreting opinion. (xii) To develop the ability to be logically persuasive in defending one’s opinion. (b) To develop literary skills as enumerated below (i)To personally respond to literary text. (ii) To appreciate and analyze special features of language that differentiates

literary texts from non- literary ones. (iii) To explore and evaluate features of character, plot, setting etc. (iv) To understand and appreciate the oral, mobile and visual elements of drama (v) To identify the elements of style such as humour, pathos, satire and irony etc.

Speaking and Listening (i) Skills overtly built into the materials. (Language skills book) (ii) Teachers need special guidance in the actualization of the skills. (iii) Speaking needs a very strong emphasis and is an important objective leading

to professional competence. (iv) Testing of oral skills to be made an important component of the overall testing

pattern.

Specific objectives of Listening and Speaking Conversation Skills (Aural/ Oral) To develop the ability (i) To listen to lectures and talks and to be able to extract relevant and useful

information for a specific purpose. (ii) To listen to news bulletins and develop the ability to discuss informally on

wide ranging issues like current national and international affairs, sports, business etc.

(iii) To appear for interviews and participate in formal group discussions. (iv) To make enquiries meaningfully and adequately respond to enquiries for the

purpose of travelling within the country and even abroad. (v) To listen to business news and be able to extract relevant/important

information. (vi) To develop the art of formal public speaking. Writing Skills (i) Teaching skills and sub skills of writing focused on the process of writing. (ii) Writing skills integrated with the other skills and not compartmentalized. (iii) Sub skills of writing are taught in a context. (iv) Courses for two years graded in such a way that it leads the students towards

acquire advanced writing skills. (v) Writing tasks move from less linguistically challenging to more linguistically

challenging ones. Specific objectives of Writing To develop the ability:

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(i) To write letters to friends, pen friends, relatives etc. (ii) To write business letters and official ones. (iii) To send telegrams, faxes, e-mails. (iv) To open accounts in post offices and banks. (v) To fill in railway reservation slips. (vi) To write to various issues or institutions seeking relevant information, lodge

complaints, express thanks or tender apology. (vii) To write applications, fill in application forms; prepare personal bio- data for

admission in college, universities, entrance tests and jobs. (viii) To write informal reports as part of personal letters on functions, programmes

and activities held in school (morning assembly, annual day, sports day etc.) (ix) To write formal reports for school magazines or in local newspapers on the

above events or occasions. (x) To write presentation of opinions, facts arguments in the form of set speeches

for debates. (xi) To present papers for taking part in symposia. (xii) To take down notes from talks, lectures, and make notes from various

resources for the purpose of developing ideas into sustained pieces of writing. (xiii) To write examination answers according to the requirement of the various

subjects.

EXAMINATION SPECIFICATIONS Term First

Maximum Marks : 75 Time allowed : 2½ hours U1

1. Life on Mars Literature Reader 2. Messages language Skills 3. Notices Language Skills 10 marks

U2

1. Wings of Fire 2. How to prevent Early aging of Brain 3. Tsunami…. where Next. 4. Electronic mail 5. Speech writing 15 marks

T1 1. To Sir, with love 2. A Devoted Son 3. Article writing 4. Poster writing

Note: The question paper for T1 (Term 1) comprises all the above topics mentioned in U1, U2, T1, and the pattern of the question paper of 50 marks will be as under: -

(A) (Three questions of 2 marks each and one question on vocabulary test of 3 marks) on the comprehension of two prose passages of the (Literature Reader I) from the following chapter:- 09 marks

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1. Life on Mars. 2. How to prevent early aging of Brain. 3. Tsunami…. Where Next. (B) One question with alternative based on the character, event or theme from the

following chapters of the Literature Reader:- 09 marks 1. Wings of Fire. 2. To Sir, with Love 3. Education 4. A Devoted Son.

(C) One question based on writing a message to a friend or Relative 04 marks (D) One question on Notice writing 04 marks (E) One question based on E. mail writing 04 marks

(F) One question on writing a speech on the given topics…(only one to be attempted)

08 marks (G) One question on the Article writing on the given topics… (Only one to be

attempted) 08 marks

(H) One question on poster writing on the given captions…(only one to be attempted)

04 marks

Term 2nd Maximum : 75 marks Time : 2 ½ hours

U-3 1. Education 2. Note taking and Note making 3. Introducing conversation 10 marks U-4 1. Islamic Art…. 2. English for the Telephone… 3. Recent actions and Activities 15 marks

T2

1. Nobody Here but Us Chickens… 2. Prepositions 3. The passives Note: The question paper of T2 (Term II) will comprise all the above topics and the

pattern of the question paper of 50 marks will be as under: (A) Testing the comprehension based on the two prose passages from the

following chapters of the Literature Reader, which shall consist of three short Answers type questions of 2 marks each and vocabulary test of 2 marks.

1. Education 2. Islamic Art 08 marks

(B) One question describing the character or event of the theme from the Drama…. Nobody Here but Us Chickens 07 marks

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(C) One question based on the note taking of the given prose passage.05 marks (D) One question on conversation on the given topics with choice… (to be Solved

only One) 05 marks

(E) One question on Report writing on the given topics… with choice. 05 marks (F) One question on the Telephonic conversation on the given topics… with a

choice. 05 marks

(G) One question on the Recent Actions and Activities with a … choice.05 marks (H) One grammatical question based on the use of prepositions. 05 marks

(I) One Grammatical question on the passives. 05 marks Books prescribed:

1. Functional English Language Skills Book- Class XI 2. Functional English Literature Reader- Class XI. Published by Goyal Brother Prakashan in cooperation with J&K State Board of

School Education.

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ENGLISH LITERATURE • To introduce students to various genres of literature. • To familiarize students with different eras of literature. • To develop the sense of aesthetics amongst students. • To enable the students to appreciate great literary works. • To nourish the creative faculties of students. • To enrich the imagination of students. • To widen the mental horizon and vision of students. • To encourage self study and self learning amongst students. • To enable the students to think, write and question in an artistic way. • To encourage students to become independent learners and thinkers.

Each Term Examination shall have 50 marks of 2.5 hours duration

TERM I Time: 2:30 Hours Marks: 50 Unit I 10 marks Sonnet XVIII Shakespeare Poem Death, Be not Proud Donne Poem What Men Live By Tolstoy Short Story On Books Ruskin Essay Unit II 15 Marks The Solitary Reaper Wordsworth Poem She Walks in Beauty Byron Poem The Mourners Hari Krishan Koul Short Story All about a Dog A.G.Gardiner Essay TERM I 50 marks On First Looking into Keats Chapman’s Homer Poem From In Memoriam Tennyson Poem Cabulliwalah Tagore Short Story What I Believe E . M Forster Essay Unit IV 10 Marks Success is Counted Sweetest Emily Dickinson Poem Silver Walter De La Mare Poem The Night the Ghost Got In Thurber Short Story Back to the Desk Lynd Essay

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Unit V 15 Marks Daisy Francis Thompson Poem Stopping by Woods Frost Poem The Wrath of Heaven Translated from the Arabic By Prof G.R Malik Short Story First Snow Priestley Essay

TERM II Time:2:30 Hours Marks: 50 Term II The Journey of Magi Eliot Poem Mirror Sylvia Plath Poem The Autumnal Leaf Narendra Khajuria Short story Dream Children Charles Lamb Essay 50 marks Term I and Term II will also include Unit I , II and Unit III and IV respectively

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Applied Mathematics Paper A

Term I

Maximum Marks: 75 Chapter I Complex Numbers Chapter II Quadratic Equations and Inequations Chapter III Sequence and Series Chapter IV Permutation, Combinations and Mathematical Induction. Chapter V Binomial Theorem. Chapter VI Co- ordinate Geometry – I

Term II

Maximum Marks: 75 Paper B

Chapter I Sets, Relations and Functions Chapter II Mathematical Logic Chapter III Vectors Chapter IV Trigonometry Chapter V Statistics Chapter VI Co-ordinate Geometry – II Maximum Marks 75 Chapter I: Complex number Definition of Real and Imaginary numbers, Complex Number Conjugate of a Complex number, Modulus and Amplitude of a Complex number. Argand’s Diagram, Polar form of Complex Number, Square Root of a Complex number. Cube roots of unity and its Properties. Chapter II: Quadratic Equation and Inequations Quadratic equations with real or complex coefficients, Relation between roots and coefficients. Quadratic Inequations, Methods for solving a Quadratic Inequation. Simple Applications of Quadratic equations and Inequations. Chapter: III Sequence and Series. Definition of a Sequence, Series, Arithmetic Progression(A.P),the general term of an A.P, the sum of n terms of an A.P. Geometric Progression (G.P),General Term and Sum to n terms of G.P. Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean. Infinite Geometric Progression and its sum, Definition of Harmonic progression. Evaluation of ∑n, ∑n2 & ∑n3. Chapter: IV Permutation ,Combinations and Mathematical Induction Factorial Notation, Principle of Counting, Meaning of P(n,r) & C(n,r) and their relations. simple Applications. Principle of Mathematical Induction. Chapter: V Binomial Theorem. Binomial Theorem for positive integral index (without proof), General term ,middle term(s) in a Binomial Expansion, Properties of Binomial coefficients. Pascal’s Triangle Binomial theorem for any index (without proof) and applications.

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Chapter: VI Co-ordinate Geometry – I. Cartesian Co-ordinates of a point, Distance between two points, Section formula, Area of a triangle when its vertices are given, Co-ordinates of centroid, Incentre of a triangle when its vertices are given, Locus of a point, Simple problems on Locus.

Paper : B Maximum Marks: 75 Chapter I Sets, Relations and Functions. Sets and their representation, Finite and Infinite sets, Empty sets, Equality of sets, Subsets, Power set, Universal set, Venn diagram, Complements of a set, Algebra of sets, (Union, intersection and difference of two sets), De-Morgans Laws. Applications, Cartesian product of sets, Relations, Domain and range, Functions: into and onto functions, One-one, many one, one –one and onto functions, Constant functions, Identity function. Inverse of a function. Composition of functions. Chapter: II Mathematical Logic Statements , use of Venn Diagrams in Logic, Negation operation, Basic Logical connectives and Compound Statements including their negations, Truth Tables, Tautology and Contradiction, Applications of Logic in solving simple problems. Chapter: III Vectors Vectors and Scalars, types of Vectors, Component of a Vector, Addition of Vectors, Scalar( or Dot) product of Vectors. Vector (or Cross) product of Vectors. Scalar Triple Product (Geometrical Representation). Chapter: IV Trigonometry. Review of Trigonometric ratios of angles of arbitrary magnitude (0o, 30o, 45o, 60o, 90o), Trigonometric Ratios of Allied angles (without proof) Sum, difference and their applications, Trigonometric function of multiples and sub multiples of angles. Chapter: V Statistics. Definitions of Primary and Secondary Data. Measures of Central Tendency - Arithmetic mean, Median and mode of raw and grouped data. Measures of Dispersion – Mean deviation from the mean, Variance and Standard Deviation for raw and grouped data. Chapter: VI Co-ordinate Geometry II Equation of a straight line in various standard forms: Intercept forms, point slope forms. Two point form, Normal form. Condition for lines to be parallel and perpendicular. The General Equation Ax

a) Centre and radius.

+ By + C = 0, Intersection of two straight lines. Standard form of the equation of a circle, General form of the equation of a circle, its radius and centre. To find the equation of a circle given

b) Three points lying on it, c) Co- ordinates of the end points of a diameter are given.

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Travel and Tourism Management (Basics) Term I Time: 2 ½ Hours Marks: 75 Unit I 15 Marks Meaning, History and importance of travel and tourism, Meaning of tourism, Traveller, Transient and excursionist, Types and forms of tourism, Concept of mass Tourism/Eco- Tourism and sustainable tourism. Unit II Marks 20 Meaning, Features and Methods of Tourism Product, Difference between tourism and Consumer Product, Tourism Products of J & K-Fairs and festivals- (Kheer Bhawani, Chrar i Sharief, Sindh Darshan, Jhari Mela, Eid in Kashmir, Navaratra in Jammu, Losar in Ladakh Unit III Marks 20 Tourism Destinations, Kashmir -Srinagar, Phalgam, Gulmarg, Jammu-Patnitop and Mansar, Ladakh-Leh and Zanskar. Shrines: Hazratbal, Hemis, Amaarnath and Vaishno Devi. Unit IV Flora and Fauna of J & K, Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries , Physiographic Division and Climate. Handicrafts of J & K, Craft Mela –Jammu, Kashmir Haat, Kashmir Cuisine (Wazwan) Marks 10 Unit V Role of Ministry of Tourism Govt of India ,ITDC , JKTDC , Hill Development Council Ladakh in promoting tourism. Marks 10

Hotel Management TERM II

Time: 2 ½ Hours Max Marks: 75 Unit I. Meaning, Concept, Origin and Development of Hospitality Industry ,Current Development and future scope. Importance of customer care in Hospitality. Marks 15 Unit II. Accommodation: Meaning and Scope, Types of accommodation, Types of Hotels on the basis of their size , location, comfort, price and ownership, Difference between Hotel and Resort. Marks 15. Channel , Basics of major Hospitalities ————— Travel Agents , Tour Operators, Consortia and----- Union system. Marks 15.

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BIOTECHNOLOGY

OBJECTIVES The broad objectives of teaching Biotechnology at higher secondary level are: (i) To help the learners know and understand basic facts and concepts of the

subject at elementary stage. (ii) To expose the students to different basic processes and basic techniques used

in Biotechnology. (iii) To familiarize the learners to understand the relationship of the subject to

health, nutrition, environment, agriculture and industry etc. (iv) To develop conceptual competence in the learners so as to cope up with

professional courses in future career. (v) To acquaint students with different applications of Biotechnology in everyday

life. (vi) To develop an interest in students to study Biotechnology as a discipline.

COURSE STRUCTURE

Theory: 120 marks Term I: 60 marks Practicals :- 15 marks Term II: 60 marks Practicals :- 15 marks

Term I Time : 2½ hours 60 marks Unit I : Introduction to Biotechnology 30 marks Chapter 1: Introduction 08 marks Chapter 11: Biochemical Engineering and Fundamentals 16 mar Chapter III: Biotechnology and Society 06 marks Unit II : Biomolecules 30 marks Chapter IV: Bimoleculs: Structure and design 10 marks Chapter V: Metabolism of Bimolecules 10 marks Chapter VI Biochemical Techniques 10 marks

Term II Time : 2½ hours 60 marks Unit III : Cell and Development 30 Marks Chapter VII. Introduction to cell as a basic unit of life. 10 marks Chapter VII: Cell growth and development 12 mark Chapter IX: Cellular Techniques 08 marks Unit IV : Genetics and Molecular Biology 30 Marks Chapter X Principles of Genetics 10 marks Chapter XI: Genome Function 12 marks Chapter XII: Genetical Techniques 08 marks

PRACTICALS = 30 MARKS

Note: Every student is required to do the following experiments during the academic session.

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LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Term I: Max. Marks 15

1. Personal safety and precautions. 2. Emergency treatment for Laboratory accidents. 3. Care and cleaning of glassware’s, apparatus. 4. Operation of Autoclave, Incubator, Water Bath, pH meter, Vacuum

pump, Centrifuge etc. 5. Sterilization principle and methods - moist heat - dry heat and filtration

methods. 6. Media preparation: Liquid media, solid media, Agar slants and plates.

Term 11: Max Marks 15 1. Preparation of buffers. 2. pH determination. 3. slide preparation of bacterial strains. 4. Protein estimation methods.

a. Lowrey’s b. Biurrete

5. Molish test for estimation of carbohydrates. NOTE: - Besides the above experiments the students are required to have field

work and visit Indian Institute of Integrative Biology (Formerly RRL) of Jammu /Sanatnagar Srinagar, Biotechnology Laboratories J&K Universities.

Book prescribed: A Textbook of Biotechnology for class XI by K. Kannan, published by J&K BOSE in Collaboration with Foundation Books Pvt Ltd., New Delhi.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Term 1st

Theory: 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours Project Work: 15 Marks UI

Chapter 1 : Understanding Environment 08 Marks (a) Environment (b) Environment Science (c) Global perspective of environment problems (d) The route of environment problems. (e) A sustainable world.

Chapter 2 : Living beings in Eco-Systems: 12 Marks (a) Ecosystem (b) Habitat (c) Ecological Niche (Types) (d) Interactions between members of a species (e) Adapting to the environment.

Chapter 3 : Ecosystem under threat-I 12 Marks (a) Ecosystem (Types and structure) (b) Habitat(Micro and Macro) (c) Relationship among organisms. (d) Food Chain (e) Food web U2

Chapter 4 : Ecosystem under Threat-II 08 Marks (a) Overpopulation (b) Disruption of Food chains (c) Genetic erosion. (d) Habitat destruction. (e) Loss of water bodies (f) Biodiversity

Chapter 5 : Conservation of the Ecosystem 20 Marks (a) Conservation (b) Classification of species (c) Why species become endangered. (d) Extinction types (e) Wildlife conservation. (f) Genetic problems of endangered species. (g) India’s wildlife. (h) Approaches of wildlife management. (i) Concept of alternative technology (j) What you can do to conserve wildlife.

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Term 2nd

Theory: 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours Project Work: 15 Marks

Chapter 6 : Atmosphere at Risk 12 Marks (a) The Atmosphere (b) The Importance of atmosphere (c) Pollution and types (d) Causes of atmospheric pollution (e) Pollution load from Non-renewable-Coal and Petroleum. (f) Major atmospheric pollutants. (g) Noise pollution.

Chapter 7 : Land under Threat. 08 Marks (a) Forest (b) Soil (c) Land Pollution

Chapter 8 : Managing the Land 10 Marks (a) Land Management. (b) Alternatives to deforestation (c) Alternatives use of timber (d) Recycling (e) Paper Industry (f) Waste management Technology in India

Chapter 9 : Agriculture under Threat 14 Marks (a) Modern agriculture (b) Monoculture (c) Pesticides (d) Fertilizers. (e) Irrigation (f) Disappearance of Traditional Crops (g) Surplus and waste (Food mountains in developed world) (h) Large Farm units: Environmental Damage. (i) Green Revolution

Chapter 10 : Managing Agriculture 16 Marks (a) Agriculture (b) Sustainable agriculture (c) Important aspects of crop improvement (d) Integrated pest control (e) New crop strains/varieties (f) Conservation Tillage (g) Trickle drip irrigation (h) New organic Fertilizers. (i) Gene bank.

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Internal Assessment/Practical Examination Marks : 30

The minimum number of assignments: Two (One assignment during each term carrying 15 marks need to be completed).

The Project Work is to be evaluated as part of internal assessment and record to be maintained by the teacher concerned.

— Project work should be a current environmental problem. — Systematic monitoring of any aspect of local environment. — Study the density and population of Plants growing in a particular area using a

quadrat method. Field study, monitoring and preparation of report are the requisite for the project work. Book Recommended : A Textbook of Environmental Science for Class XI, Published by J&K BOSE in Collaboration with Foundation Books Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

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PHYSICS

Salient features The syllabus in Physics aims at providing the learners with sufficient conceptual

background, which would eventually make them competent to meet the challenges of academic as well as professional courses after studying the subject at senior secondary stage. Some of the salient features of the updated syllabus are:

(i)Emphasis on basic Conceptual Under standing of Content. (ii) Promoting process- skills, problem solving -abilities and applications of

physics concepts/content, useful in real-life situations for making Physics learning more relevant, meaningful and interesting.

(iii) Emphasis on use of SI units, symbols, nomenclature of physical quantities and formulations as per international standards.

(iv) Emphasis on Physics -related technological/industrial aspects to cope up with changing demand of society committed to the use of physics technology and informatics.

(v) Providing logical sequencing of the ‘units’ of the subject matter and proper placement of concepts with their linkages for better learning and matching the concepts/content with comprehension level of the learners.

(vi) Emphasis on inclusion of indigenous knowledge and Indian contribution of Physics and technology.

(vii) Reducing the curriculum load by eliminating overlapping of concepts/content within the discipline of physics.

(viii) Inclusion of the emerging areas such as principles of communication and space/satellite communication.

Objectives: The physics curriculum at the higher secondary stage attempts to: 1. Strengthen the concepts developed at the secondary stage to provide

foundation for further learning the subject at the tertiary level more effectively. 2. Develop conceptual competence in the learners so as to cope up with

professional courses in future career: 3. Expose the learners to different processes used in Physics -related industrial

and technological applications: 4. Develop process-skills and experimental, observational, manipulative,

decision. making and investigatory skills in the learners; 5. Promote problem-solving abilities and creative thinking to develop interest in

the learners for further study of physics as a discipline: 6. Understand the relationship between nature and matter on scientific basis,

develop positive scientific attitude, and appreciate the contribution of physics towards the improvement of quality of life and human welfare.

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Course Structure The class XI theory as well as practical course is divided into two Terms. 25% of the

maximum marks is allotted to conceptual and numerical problems. Term I

Theory 60 Marks Unit I Elementary Mathematics 08 Marks Unit II Physical world and Measurement 08 Marks Unit III Kinematics 12 Marks Unit IV Laws of Motion 12 Marks Unit V Work, Energy and Power 10 Marks Unit VI Motion of System of particles and Rigid Body. 10 Marks Practicals: 15 Marks

Term II Theory 60 marks Unit VII Gravitation 10 Marks Unit VIII Mechanics of solids and Fluids 18 Marks Unit IX Heat and Thermodynamics 12 Marks Unit X Oscillations 10 Marks Unit XI Waves 10 Marks Practicals: 15 Marks

THEORY Time : 2½ hours 60 Marks

Term I Unit I : Elementary Mathematics 08 marks Function; Limits of a function. Differentiation and its significance; Differentiation

of xn,(ax + b)n, eax ,Sinx,Cosx by abinitio method; integration of xn, 1/x, eax, Sin x,Cos x ; idea of definite integral. Simple examples on differentiation and integration. Scalar and vector quantities; Position and displacement vectors, general vectors and notation; Equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; Addition and Subtraction of vectors; Unit vector, Resolution of a vector in a plane Rectangular components, Multiplication of Vectors, scalar and vector products; Vectors in three dimensions. Unit II : Physical World and Measurement 08 marks

Physics-scope and excitement; physics, technology and society. Forces in nature, conservation laws; Examples of gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces from daily-life experiences (qualitative description only).

Need for measurement; units of measurement, system of units SI units. Fundamental and derived units, length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, Errors in measurements; significant figures.

Dimensions of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications. Unit III: Kinematics 12 marks

Motion in a straight line, Position–time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion. Average speed and instantaneous velocity.

Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity- time, and position-time graphs. Relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment).

Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion.

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Motion in a plane, cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration-Projectile motion uniforms circular motion. Unit IV: Laws of Motion 12 marks

Force and inertia, Newton’s first law of motion, Momentum, Newton’s second law of motion, impulse; Newton’s third law of motion; Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications equilibrium of concurrent forces: Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction lubrication; Examples of variable-mass situation. Dynamics of uniform circular motion; Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road)

Inertial and non inertial frames (elementary idea). Unit V: Work, Energy and Power 10 marks

Work done by a constant force and a variable force; Kinetic energy, Power; work-energy theorem. Concept of Potential energy, Potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (Kinetic and potential energies) Non –conservative forces; elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions. Different forms of energies in nature, Mass-energy equivalence E=mc2 (Qualitative idea only). Unit VI : Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body 10 marks

Centre of mass of a two-particle system, generalization of a system N Particles, momentum conservation and motion of centre of mass, Application to some familiar systems: Center of mass of a rigid body.

Moment of a force (Torque), Concept of angular momentum, Angular momentum in Cartesian and Polar coordinates, conservation of angular momentum with some examples (Planetary motion)

Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions; Moment of inertia and its physical significance, radius of gyration, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems (statements without proofs): Moment of inertia of circular ring disc, cylinder, sphere and thin straight rod; Rolling of cylinder without slipping.

Examples of Binary systems in nature (Binary stars, Earth-moon system, diatomic molecules).

TERM II Time : 2½ hours 60 marks Unit VII: Gravitation 10 marks

The universal law of gravitation, Gravitational constant; Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with the altitude, latitude, depth and rotation of the earth; Mass of the earth.

Gravitational potential energy near the surface of the earth, gravitational potential; Escape velocity, Orbital velocity of satellite, weightlessness, motion of satellite, geo stationary and polar satellites; Statement of Kepler’s laws of planetary motion; Proof of second and third law (circular or bits); Inertial and Gravitational mass. Unit VIII : Mechanics of Solids and Fluids 18 marks

States of matter, Inter–atomic and Inter-molecular forces. (A) Solids : Elastic behavior, Stress-Strain relationship, Hook’s law, Young’s

modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity, some practical examples. (B) Fluids : Pressure due to fluid column, Pascal’s law and its applications*

(hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes) Effect of gravity on fluid pressure,

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buoyancy, floatation and Archimedes Principle; Viscosity, Stokes law, Terminal velocity Streamline flow, Reynolds’s number, Bernoulli theorem and its applications.

Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension, ideas in (i) formation of drops and bubbles (ii) capillary rise (iii) action of detergents.

Unit IX: Heat and Thermodynamics 12 marks Kinetic theory of gases-assumptions, concept of pressure, Kinetic energy and

temperature; (Zeroth law of thermodynamics) heat, work and internal energy thermal expansion-thermometry; first law of thermodynamics, specific heat, specific heat of gases at constant volume and pressure (Monatomic, diatomic gases); specific heat of solids (Dulong and Pettit’s law)

Thermodynamic variables and equation of state phase diagrams; ideal gas equation, isothermal and adiabatic processes; reversible and irreversible processes; Carnot engine and refrigerator or heat pump, Efficiency and coefficient of performance of heat engines; second law of thermodynamics (statement only) and some practical applications.

Transfer of heat- conduction, convection and radiation; thermal conductivity of solids; Black body radiation- Kirchhoffs law; Wien’s displacement law, Stephen’s law (statements only) Newton’s law of cooling solar constant and surface temperature of the sun. Unit X: Oscillations 10 marks

Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time and periodic functions, Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M) and its equation: Phase, uniform circular motion and Simple harmonic motion; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; Energy in S.H.M- Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum, derivation of expression for its time period; free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance; coupled oscillations. Unit XI : Waves 10 marks

Longitudinal and transverse waves, wave motion, speed of wave motion, Displacement relation for a progressive wave; Principle of superposition of waves, Reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler effect; speed of sound in media.

PRACTICALS Term I : 15 marks Note: Every student is required to perform a minimum of 5 experiments and 4

activities. Experiments : 1. Use of Vernier Calipers (i) to measure diameter of a small spherical/cylindrical body. (ii) To measure internal diameter and depth of a given beaker/ calorimeter and

hence find its volume. 2. Use of screw-gauge (i) To measure diameter of a given wire. (ii) To measure thickness of a given sheet. 3. Use of spherometer (i) To measure thickness of a given sheet, and

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(ii) To measure radius of curvature of given spherical surface. 4. To determine the mass of two different objects using a beam balance. 5. To find the weight of a given body using parallelogram law of vectors. 6. Using a Simple pendulum (i) Plot L-T2 Graph and (ii) hence find acceleration due to gravity. 7. Friction To study the relationship between force of limiting friction and normal

reaction and to find the co-efficient of friction between a block and a horizontal surface.

Activities 1. To make a paper scale of given least count i.e.0.2 cm, 0.5 cm 2. To find the least count of a given apparatus/gadget/device (burette,

thermometer, stopwatch, measuring tape, etc) and take one measurement. 3. To plot a graph for a given set of data, with proper choice of scales and error

bars. 4. To measure the force of limiting friction for rolling of a roller on a horizontal

plane. 5. To study the variation in the range of a jet of water with the angle of

projection. 6. To study the conservation of energy of a ball rolling down on inclined plane

(using a double inclined plane). 7. To study collision of two balls in two dimensions. 8. To study dissipation of energy of a simple pendulum by plotting a graph

between square of amplitude and time. TERM II

Marks 15 Note: Every student is required to perform a minimum of 5 experiments and 4 activities.

Experiments 1. To determine young’s modulus of the material of a given wire using Searle’s

apparatus. 2. To find the spring constant of a helical spring by method of oscillations. 3. To find the spring constant of a helical spring from the load extension graph;

to determine the surface tension of waterly capillary rise method 4. To determine the co-efficient of viscosity of a given viscous liquid by

measuring the terminal velocity of a given spherical body. 5. To study the relationship between the temperature of a body and time as it

cools. 6. To study the relation between frequency and length of a given wire under

constant tension using Sonometer. Or 7. To study the relation between the length of a given wire and tension for

constant frequency using Son-meter. 8. To find the velocity of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube

by two-resonance position method.

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Activities: 1. To find the atmospheric pressure using Fortin’s Barometer. 2. To observe and explain the effect of heating on a bi-metallic strip. 3. To note the change in level of liquid in a container on heating and interpret the

observations. 4. To study the effect of detergent on surface tension by observing capillary rise. 5. To study the factors effecting the rate of loss of heat of a liquid. 5. To study the effect of nature of surface on emission and absorption of

radiation. Book prescribed: A textbook of Physics published by the NCERT, New Delhi

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CHEMISTRY Salient features (i) Emphasis on fundamental concepts. (ii) Promoting problem-solving skills (iii) Emphasis on new nomenclature, symbols, formulations and use of physical

quantities as per international standards. (iv) Chemistry is not only facts and theory but also modern applications in the world

around us, emphasis is to be given on chemistry related technological/industrial aspects.

(v) Units’ of the subject matter are provided in a logical sequencing. Physical chemistry oriented portion supposed to provide base for interpreting facts are provided in the beginning itself.

(vi) Description of all main topic of the theory (mole concept stoichiometry, basic theory of chemical bonding, equilibrium, thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemistry) is to serve the broadest possible population of students.

(vii) The total syllabus is divided into four semesters. Each semester is of 90 periods for theory and 30 periods for Practicals.

(viii) An effort has been made, based on feedback, to remove obsolescence in content and repetition besides reducing the content by suitably integrating the different content areas.

Objectives (i) To promote understanding of basic facts and concepts in chemistry while

retaining the excitement of chemistry; (ii) To make students capable to various emerging new areas of chemistry and apprise

them with their relevance in their future studies and their application in various spheres of chemical sciences and technology;

(iii) To equip students to face various challenges related to health, nutrition, environment, population, weather, industries and agriculture;

(iv) To develop problem –solving skills in students. (v) To expose the students to different processes used in industries and their

technological applications. (vi) To apprise students with interface of chemistry with other disciplines of science

such as physics, biology, geology, engineering, etc; (vii) To acquaint students with different aspects of chemistry used in daily life. (viii) To develop an interest in students to study chemistry as a discipline.

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COURSE STRUCTURE

Term I Theory : 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours Practicals : 15 Marks Marks Unit I Some basic concepts of Chemistry 5 Unit II States of Matter 6 Unit III Atomic Structure 8 Unit IV Classification of elements and periodicity in properties 6 Unit V First law of thermodynamics and chemical Energetics. 8 Unit VI Chemical bonding and molecular structure 8 Unit VII Equilibrium I- Equilibrium Processes and phase Equilibria. 5 Unit VIII Equilibrium II-Ionic equilibrium in solutions. 7 Unit IX Redox reactions. 7

Term-II Theory : 60 marks Time : 2½ hours

Practicals : 15 marks Unit X Principles and processes of extraction of elements. 5 Unit XI Hydrogen 4 Unit XII s-block Elements 11 Unit XIII Some p- Block Elements. 11 Unit XIV Organic Chemistry- some basic principles. 6 Unit XV Hydrocarbons. 9 Unit XVI Purification and characterization of carbon Compounds. 6 Unit XVII Organic compounds with functional groups Containing 4 halogens (Halo alkanes and halo arenes) Unit XVIII Environmental Chemistry. 4 THEORY Term I Weightage : 60 marks Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 5 marks

Importance of studying Chemistry, physical quantities and their SI units, dimensional analysis, precision and significant figures, classification of matter, laws of chemical combination. Dalton’s Atomic Theory. Mole concept, atomic molecular and molar masses, percentage composition and molecular formula, stoichiometry of chemical reactions. Unit II: States of Matter 6 marks

States of matter, Gaseous state-measurable properties the gas laws, Ideal gas equation. Kinetic molecular theory. Deviation of real gases from ideal behaviour; Liquefaction of gases, critical temperature and its importance. Liquid state-properties of liquids, qualitative description of vapour pressure, surface tension, viscosity; Solid state- classification of solids based on different binding forces.

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Unit III: Atomic Structure 8 marks

Fundamental particles, Rutherford’s model of an atom, nature of electromagnetic radiations, emission spectrum of hydrogen atom, concept of energy levels (orbits) weaknesses of Bohr’s model, modern concept of structure of atom (elementary idea only), Idea of shells, sub shells and orbitals, the four quantum numbers, electronic configurations of elements, Aufbau’s principle (Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule). Unit IV: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 6 marks

The need for classification; the significance of (i) Mendeleev’s periodic law, (ii) Atomic number and periodic law, present form of the periodic table, The IUPAC nomenclature for the elements with Z>100 electronic configuration of the elements and periodic table, types of elements: s, p, d and f blocks, periodic trends in properties : ionization energy, electron affinity , atomic radii, valency. Unit V: First Law of Thermodynamics and Chemical Energetic 8 marks

Some basic concepts-systems surroundings, types of system. Types of processes, intensive and extensive properties, state functions, irreversible process. Zeroth law, First Law of Thermodynamics-internal energy, enthalpy, work, heat capacity, specific heat capacity, molar heat capacity, enthalpy changes during phase transitions, Enthalpy change in chemical reactions-standard enthalpy of formation, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, bond enthalpy, measurement of enthalpy of reactions, energy of combustion reactions, sources of energy- Sun as primary source of energy, Alternative sources of energy. Unit VI: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 8 marks

Kossel- Lewis approach to bonding, ionic bond lattice energy, Born- Haber’s Cycle, covalent bond Lewis structure of covalent bond, resonance structures, geometry of molecules, VSEPR model, polarity of bond, Electro negativity, Valence Bond approach, concept of resonance, Directional properties of bond, hybridization (Qualitative treatment sp, sp2, sp3) Unit VII: Equilibrium –I- Equilibrium Processes and Phase Equilibria 5 marks

Dynamic nature of equilibriums, Equilibrium in physical processes, Equilibrium in chemical processes, law of chemical equilibrium, derivation of relationship between Kp and Kc, Le-Chatelier’s principle. Unit VIII: Equilibrium II- Ionic Equilibrium in Solutions 7 marks

Equilibria involving ions, various concepts of acids and bases-Arrhenius, Bronsted- Lowery and Lewis, dissociation of acids and bases, acid–base Equilibria, ionization of water, pH scale, hydrolysis of salts, PH calculation of salt solutions, acid-base titration using indicator, solubility equilibria- solubility of sparingly soluble salts, solubility equilibrium and solubility product, common ion effect, elementary idea of buffer solutions.

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Unit IX: Redox Reactions 7 marks Oxidation and Reduction- electron transfer concept, redox reactions in aqueous

solution, oxidation number, balancing of chemical equations in redox reactions by oxidation number methods and ion-electron method or half equation method, simple idea of electrode potential, standard electrode potential, stoichiometry of redox reactions in solutions.

Term II Weightage : 60 marks

Unit X: Principles and Processes of Extraction of Elements 5 marks Modes of occurrence, chemical principles underlying-concentration of ores,

reduction/oxidation (electronation/de-electronation), refining of metals. Unit XI: Hydrogen 4 marks

Unique position in Periodic Table, occurrence isotopes, dihydrogen-preparation (including commercial preparation), properties, reactions and uses, Hydrides-molecular, saline and interstitial Water: structure and aggregation of water molecules (Physical and chemical properties, hard and soft water, water softener. Heavy water, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen economy. Use of liquid hydrogen as a fuel. Unit XII: S –Block Elements 11 marks

General introduction to s-block elements- abundance, occurrences, anomalous properties of the first elements in each group, diagonal relationship. Alkali Metals-occurrence, electronic configuration, trend in atomic and physical properties including IE atomic and ionic radii) reactivity and electrode potential reactions with oxygen, hydrogen, halogens and liquid ammonia. Basic nature of oxides and hydroxides, halides. Li and Na- occurrence, extraction, properties and uses, Na2CO3. The Alkaline Earth Metals. Occurrence, electronic configuration, trends in atomic and physical properties (Including IE, atomic and ionic radii) Reactivity and electrode potential, reactions with non-metals, oxides, hydroxides and halides Solubility and thermal stability of their oxo salts. Magnesium- occurrence, extraction, properties and uses. Compounds of alkaline earth metals CaO, Ca(OH)2, Plaster of Paris and MgSO4, Industrial uses of lime and limestone, cement. Unit XIII: Some p- Block Elements 11 marks Boron-occurrence, isolation, physical and chemical properties, borax, boric acid, boron hydrides, halides (elementary idea of boranes, diborane borates). Uses of boron and itscompounds.

Carbon-terrestrial abundance and distribution, allotropes (graphite, diamond, elementary idea of fullerenes). Oxides, carbides, halides, sulphides, uses of carbon.

Nitrogen-terrestrial abundance and distribution, dinitrogen- isolation, atomic and physical properties, chemical reactivity, fixation of nitrogen, industrial and biological.

Ammonia- industrial preparation, Haber’s process only, important properties and reactions.

Oxides of nitrogen-preparation, structure (Skeletal only) –p -p bonding. Nitric acid, industrial production (Ostwald process), uses of nitrogen and its compounds.

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Oxygen-terrestrial abundance and distribution; dioxygen, isolation, atomic and physical properties, chemical reactivity, oxides, acidic, basic and amphoteric.

Ozone- preparation, structure and some oxidizing properties. Unit XIV: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles 6 marks Tetravalency of carbon, hybridization (s and p) bonds, shapes of simple molecules,

functional groups: -C=C-,-C=C and functional groups containing halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur homologous series, isomerism (structural)

General introduction to naming organic compounds -trivial names and IUPAC nomenclature. Illustration with simple examples.

Electronic displacement in a covalent bond; inductive effect, electrometric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation. Fission of a covalent bond; free radicals, electrophiles, nucleophiles, carbocations and carbanions.

Common types of organic reactions: substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement reactions. Illustrations with examples. Unit XV : Hydrocarbons 9 marks

Classification of hydrocarbons, alkanes and cycloalkanes, nomenclature, conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes (ethane, propane, butane and cyclohexane), 3 D structures and 2D projections (Sawhorse and Newmann).

Alkenes and alkynes-nomenclature, geometrical isomerism in alkenes, stability of alkenes, general methods of preparation, physical properties, chemical reactions-reactivity, mechanism of electrophilic addition, reactions in alkenes Markownikoffs rule, peroxide effect, acidic character of alkynes, polymerization reactions- dienes, concept of delocalisation of electrons, addition reactions in dienes (1,2 and 1,4 addition). Aromatic hydrocarbons: Benzene and its homologues, isomerism, nomenclature, sources of aromatic hydrocarbons (coal and petroleum), structure of benzene, resonance, delocalization, concept of aromaticity- an elementary idea. Chemical reactions of benzene-mechanism of electrophilic substitution reaction. Directive influence of substituents and their effect on reactivity, polynuclear hydrocarbons and their toxicity. Petroleum and petrochemicals: Composition of crude oil, fractionation, uses of different fractions, quality of gasoline, LPG and CNG. Cracking and reforming, petro-chemicals. Unit XVI : Purification and Characterization of Carbon Compounds 6 marks

Purification of carbon compounds, filtration, crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, chromatography.

Qualitative Analysis, detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens. Quantitative Analysis-estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogen, sulphur

and phosphorus (basic principles only) Determination of molecular mass-silver salt method, chloroplatinate salt method,

use of mass spectrometer for determining accurate molecular mass (elementary idea only) Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae.

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Unit XVII: Organic compounds with functional groups containing Halogens (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) 4 marks

Nature of C-X bond in haloalkanes and Haloarenes, nomenclature, physical properties, chemical reactions with emphasis on mechanism of substitution reactions, difference in reactivity of C-X bond in haloalkanes and haloarenes.

Some commercially important compounds names and structures of some compounds with simple structures and their uses. Unit XVIII: Environmental Chemistry 4 marks

Environmental pollutants; soil, water and air pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, kind of smog, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain Ozone and its reactions, effect of the depletion of ozone layer, Green house effect and global warming. Industrial air pollution, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution.

PRACTICALS Term I

Basic laboratory Techniques (a) Cutting a glass tube and glass rod (b) Bending of a glass tube (c) Drawing out a glass jet (d) Boring a cork. Experiments 1 Preparation of crystals from an impure sample of any one from the

following: Alum, Copper, Sulphate, and Ferrous sulphate. 2 Determination of solubility of a solid substance in water at different

temperature and plotting of solubility curve. 3 (a) Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices

and acids and bases of different dilutions using pH paper/universal indicator.

(b) Study of pH Change by common-ion effect in case of weak acids and weak bases.

4 Study of shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/decreasing the concentration of either ions.

or Study or the shift in equilibrium between [Co (H2O)6]2+ and CI. By

changing the concentration of either ions. 5 Determination of: (a) enthalpy of calcium chloride ;(b) enthalpy of

neutralization of the reaction between strong acid (HCl) and strong base (NaOH).

or Determination of enthalpy change during interaction (hydrogen bond

formation) between acetone and chloroform.

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6 (a) Setting of a chemical balance and preparation of a standard solution of oxalic acid.

(b) Determination of strength of a given sodium hydroxide solution by titrating it against a standard solution of oxalic acid.

7. (a) Preparation of standard solution of sodium carbonate. (b) Determination of strength of given solution of dilute hydrochloric

acid by titrating it against a standard solution of sodium carbonate.

Term II 1. Determination of one cation and one anion from the following (Insoluble

salts to be excluded): Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+As3+, Al3+, Mn2+, Zn2+Co2+ Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+NH4

+

Anions-CO32-, S2-, SO42-,, No2-, No3

- CI-, Br-, I-, PO4

3-, CH3COO-, (i) Determination of melting point of a solid substance (Preferably an

organic substance of low melting point). (ii) Determination of boiling point of an organic liquid (such as

acetone and carbon tetrachloride (using water bath) 2 Detection of nitrogen, sulphur and halogens in and organic compound

(detection of maximum two elements may be asked an combination of halogens may be avoided).

3 Preparation of acetylene and study of its acidic character. 4 (i) To study the redox reaction of compounds containing sulphur in its

different oxidation states: such as KI+ H2SO4, Na2SO3+, H2S)

5 To study the role of acidic, basic and neutral medium in the oxidizing action of potassium in the oxidizing action of potassium. permanganate.

Book Recommended: Advanced Chemistry By Philip Mathews, Published by Cambridge University Press.

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BIOLOGY Salient Features

Biology syllabus has been framed to cover structural and functional dynamics of living world. Both plant and animal examples have been taken to explain origin and evolution of life, diversity of living organisms, life processes, mechanism of growth and development, and inheritance of characters. Humans remain central to all aspects dealt in the syllabus. Environment related issues and problems such as pollution, degradation of land, overuse of natural resources, wise use of natural resources and population have been included to prepare the students to study nature and help in its protection through individual, group and institutional efforts.

There is emphasis on basic aspects of biology. The recent developments in areas like genomic, recombinant DNA technology and other Bio-technological aspects have been appropriately included in the syllabus.

The issues related to health, agriculture, environment and sustainable development have been covered to highlight the role of Biology in improving quality of life. The topic on tools and techniques would provide information on use of techniques in study of biology and diagnosis of disorders. It will improve the misuse of techniques like Amniocentesis with social implications.

Some Practicals on testing options would include new opportunities available to biology students.

Suitable examples would be included to higher role of Biology in dispelling myths, misconceptions and disbeliefs prevailing in the society.

The syllabus is arranged in 8 Units spread over 2 Terms in class XI and Paper A ( Botany) and Paper B (Zoology) in class XII. Each unit is further developed into chapters. The units are so sequenced so as to provide different dimensions of Biology as a subject. The practical syllabus has two components. There are core experiments to be undertaken by the students in the classroom and will be part of the practical examination.

Each student will also carry out one investigatory project and submit the report for the examination. Objectives:

The Biology curriculum at Higher Secondary Stage would: · Promote understanding of basic principles of Biology. · Expose the learners of emerging knowledge and its relevance to individuals

and Society; · Acquaint the students with benefits of knowing about issues related to

nutrition, health, population, environment and development. · Encourage rationale/specific attitude to issues related to population,

environment and development. · Develop skills essential to study and understand complexities of living world

and harmonious co-existence. · Enhance awareness about environmental issues, problems and the appropriate

solutions. · Develop appropriate environmental ethics and values. · Enable the students to appreciate the complexity of living world and the role of

Biology vis-à-vis other disciplines; and

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· Enable the students to appreciate role of Biology in dispelling myths, misconceptions and misbeliefs.

COURSE STRUCTURE (BIOLOGY) PAPER A

Time: 1½ hours Botany [for each term] Term I Unit I Diversity of Life 20 Unit II Classification of Plants 10 Term II Unit III Genetics II 10 Unit IV Morphology of plants 20 Zoology Time: 1½ hours [for each term] Term I Unit V: Living World 12 Unit VI: Cell and Cell Division 18

Term II Unit VII: Genetics-I 20 Unit VII: Morphology of Animals 10

Term 1 (Botany) Paper A

Unit I: Diversity of Life 20 Marks Variety of living organisms; Systematics; need, history and types of classifications

(artificial, natural, phylogenetic); Biosystematics; Binomial nomenclature; Two kingdom system, Five kingdom system, their merits and demerits (Detailed Study). Status of bacteria and virus, Botanical gardens and herbaria; Zoological parks and museums. Unit II: Classification of Plants 10 marks

Salient features of various plant groups, Classification of angiosperms up to species level (Bentham and Hooker’s system). Concept of species, speciation and isolation (geographical and reproductive); Origin of species.

Term II (Botany)

Unit III: Genetics –II 10 Marks Continuity of life – Heredity, variation; Mendel’s laws of inheritance; Chromosomal

basis of inheritance; other patterns of inheritance – Incomplete dominance, multiple allelism, quantitative inheritance, Pleiotropy. Unit IV: Morphology of Plants 20 Marks

Morphology-Root, Stem and Leaf, their structure and modifications; Inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed and their types, Description of Poaceae, Liliaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae.

Internal structure of plants – Tissues (Meristematic and permanent); tissue systems, anatomy of root, stem and leaf of monocot and dicot; secondary growth.

Term I (Zoology) Paper B Unit V: Living World 12 Marks

Biology and its branches, relationships with other sciences; Scientific methods in Biology; historical breakthroughs, Scope of Biology and career options, role of Biology

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in dispelling myths and misbeliefs, characters of living organisms, (elementary idea of metabolism, transfer of energy at molecular level, open and closed system, homoeostasis, growth and reproduction, adaptation, survival, death).

Origin of life – Oparin-Haldane theory, Miller Experiment, Theories of evolution, Evidences of evolution, sources of variations (mutation and recombination in relation to evolution, genetic drift, migration, natural selection). Unit VI : Cell and Cell Division 18 Marks

Cell as a basic unit of life – discovery of cell, cell theory, cell as a self contained unit, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; unicellular and multi-cellular organisms; tools and techniques (compound microscope, electron microscope and cell fractionation); Ultra-structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell – cell wall, cell membrane concept (Fluid Mosaic Model); membrane transport, cellular movement (exocytosis, endocytosis); cell organelles and their functions – nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, microtubules, centriole, vacuole, cytoskeleton, cilia and flagella ribosome’s. Molecules of cell, inorganic and organic materials-water, salt, mineral ions, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA); Enzymes (properties, chemical nature and mechanism of action); Vitamins, Hormones and Steroids.

Cell cycle: significance of cell division; amitosis, mitosis and meiosis; karyotype analysis.

Salient features of non-chordates up to phylum level and chordates up to class level).

Term II

Term II (Zoology) Unit VII: Genetics -I 20 Marks

Chromosomes – bacterial cell and eukaryotic cell, parallelism between genes and chromosomes, genome, linkage and crossing over, gene mapping, recombination, sex chromosomes, sex determination, sex linked inheritance, mutation and chromosomal aberrations, Human genetics – methods of study, genetic disorders.

DNA as a genetic material – its structure and replication; structure of RNA and its role in protein synthesis; Gene expression – transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, regulation of gene expression, induction and repression –housekeeping genes, nuclear basis of differentiation and development; Oncogenes.

Basics of Recombinant DNA technology; cloning; gene bank, DNA fingerprinting, genomics principles and applications transgenic plants, animals and microbes. Unit VIII: Morphology of Animals 10 Marks

Morphology of Animals- Salient features of Earthworm, Cockroach and Rat; Tissue , structure and function of tissues – epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous.

Botany Practicals Term-I Marks 07 1. Study of cyclosis in leaf cell of Hydrilla or Tradescantia. 2. Study of cell wall components (Cellulose, Lignin, Suberin and Mucilage.)

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3. Study of following specimens & their identification: Nostoc/ Oscillatoria, Spirogyra, Rhizopus, Mushroom (Agaricus) Yeast, Liverworts, Funaria, Fern, Pinus, Lichens .

4. Study of one monocotyledonous and one dicotyledonous plant. 5. Study and Analysis of Seed samples for Mendelian Ratio (Monohybrid & di-

hybrid cross ratio). Term II Marks 08

6. Study of different modifications of root, stem & leaf. 7. Study and identification of different types of inflorescence. 8. Study and description of following flowers:- Sunflower, Pea, Mustard, Petunia, Onion, Wheat, Paddy. (Any two of the

given Dicots and any two among given Monocots. 9. Study of Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma, Xylem & Phloem from

prepared permanent slides. 10. Preparation and study of transverse section of Dicot and monocot root and

stem. ZOOLOGY (PRACTICALS)

Term 1st Marks = 08 1. Study and handling of a compound microscope. 2. Study of mitosis from prepared permanent slides. 3. Study of meiosis from prepared permanent slides. 4. Study of cyclosis in Paramecium. 5. Study of Mitochondria by staining with Janus green.

Term 2nd Marks =07

6. Test for sugar, starch, proteins and fats. 7. Study of salient features of specimens and identification with reasons;

Amoeba, Paramecium, Hydra, Liver fluke, Ascaris, Leech, Earthworm, Honey bee, Snail, Star-fish, Shark, Labeo, Frog, Lizard, Pigeon & Rabbit.

8. Preparation of temporary mounts of mammalian squamous epithelium, striped muscle fibers and mammalian blood film.

9. Study of different types of mammalian epithelial tissues, connective tissues. Muscle fibers and nerve cells through prepared permanent slides.

10. Study of external morphology of Earthworm, Cockroach, Frog and Rat through models.

Book Prescribed : Biology for class 11th published by NCERT, New Delhi. Book Recommended :

Biological Science by Taylor, Green and Stout published by Cambridge University Press in collaboration with Jammu & Kashmir State Board of School Education.

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ELECTRONICS

First Term Course 60 MarksTime : 2½ hours I A C Signals 10 II Passive Components 15 III Network Theorems 20 and Filters IV Semiconductors 15 Second Term Course 60 Marks I PN Junction 15 II Bipolar Junction 25 Transistor III Field Effect Transistor 10 IV Feedback and Oscillators 10

IST TERM

I : AC Signals 10 marks Definition of Amplitude, Frequency , Time Period, Phase, Sinusoidal Signals,

Phasor representation, Non- Sinusoidal Signals; Triangular wave, Square Wave, saw tooth wave, spike, Pulses. Periodic and Non-Periodic Signals. RMS value, average value and form factor. II : Passive Components: 15 marks

Resistors- types of resistors, capacitors— types of capacitors and Inductors (Ideal and Practical models), color coding of Resistors & capacitors , I-V characteristics of resistor, capacitor and Inductor in frequency and time domain along with waveforms. III : Network Theorems & Filters: 20 marks

Voltage and Current Sources (Ideal and practical). KVL and KCL (with numericals). Voltage Division theorem, Current Division theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Superposition theorem, Substitution theorem and Maximum Power transfer theorem.

Filters ; RC and LR Filters (LOW PASS, HIGH PASS AND BAND PASS). IV : Semiconductors 15 marks

Electronic configuration of atoms, crystalline Structure of solids, Band theory of Solids, Drift and diffusion. Types of Semiconductor; Intrinsic and Extrinsic (p and n- type) Semiconductors. Temperature coefficient of Semiconductors.

SECOND TERM

I : PN Junction 15 marks PN Junction – Formation of depletion region, concept of barrier potential. PN

Junction diode; construction and V-I characteristics (Forward and Reverse bias) Diode as rectifier. Diode as half wave and full wave rectifier (qualitative treatment). Bridge rectifier. Concept of Ripple Factor and efficiency . Diode as a switch. Zener Diode construction and V-I characteristics. II : Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) 25 marks

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PNP and NPN Transistor, circuit symbols construction and V-I characteristics. Different transistor configurations (CB, CE ad CC) a and b of a transistor Relation between a and b, Comparison of different Configurations. Transistor as an amplifier - Graphical demonstration, phase reversal. III : Field Effect Transistor 10 marks

Construction and V-I characteristics of FET, FET as an amplifier. MOSFET (Depletion & Enhancement type) construction and V-I characteristics. IV : FEEDBACK & OSCILLATORS 10 marks

Principle of Feedback, Advantages of Feedback. Type of Feedback; Positive and Negative Feedback . Negative Feedback in amplifiers. Advantages of negative feedback. Barkhausen’s Criteria for sustained oscillations. Sinusoidal oscillator. RC and LC Oscillators (Qualitative treatment.)

LIST OF RECOMMENDED PRACTICALS

Term 1st 1. To find the frequency and amplitude of a.c signal using CRO. 2. To measure current & voltage and Resistance using Multimeter. 3. To find the value of resistance using colour code and verify. 4. Identification of Electronic components. 5. Verification of current division principle 6. Verification of Voltage division principle. 7. Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem. 8. Verification of Superposition Theorem. 9. Verification of Maximum Power Transfer Theorem. 10. To study RC low pass filter. 11. To study RC high pass filter. Term 2nd

1. To study Characteristics of PN Junction diode. 2. To study Characteristics of Zener Diode.

3. To study Diode as a Half wave rectifier.

4. To study Diode as Full wave Rectifier.

5. To study Characteristics of NPN CE transistor Configuration.

6. To study Characteristics of PNP CE transistor Configuration.

7. To study Characteristics of PNP CB Transistor Configuration. 8. To study Characteristics of NPN Transistor Configuration.

9. To study Transistor as an amplifier.

10. To study Transistor as an Oscillator. Book Suggested :

Principles of Electronics by V.K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta, Published by S. Chand, New Delhi.

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BIOCHEMISTRY THEORY COURSES

Term–I 60 marks

Time: 2½ hours Note : Each unit comprises of 10 lectures and 10 marks. Unit–I : Biophysical Chemistry 10 marks Water, pH, pKa, buffers, Hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity. Hydrogen-

bonding, Vander Waal and ionic interactions. Osmosis, diffusion, dialysis.

Unit-II : Cell and subcellular Organeller Structure and function – Part I 10 marks Plasma membrane: fluid mosaic model, extrinsic intrinsic and

transmembrane proteins. Transport: uniport, antiport and symport. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles.

Unit-III : Cell and subcellular Organeller Structure and function – Part II 10 marks Nucleus, Ribosomes, Mitochondrion, Chloroplasts: Nucleolus / nucleolo-

nucleosomal region, Inner-mitochondrial membrane and matrix, organization of chloroplast and ribosome.

Unit-IV : Digestion and absorption of food 10 marks Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Role of

enzymes in digestion, bile salts in emulsification of lipids and other factors in absorption. Role of non-digestable dietry constituents.

Unit-V : Chemistry of Carbohydrates 10 marks Classification of carbohydrates, Isomerism in monosaccharide’s:

Spatial/stereo-isomerism : Epimerism and anomerism. Optical isomerism. Important disaccharides : Sucrose, Lactose, maltose and cellobose. Important polysaccharides starch/glycogen, cellulose, Chitin and glycosamine, glycans.

Unit-VI : Chemistry of amino acids and proteins 10 marks Amino acids of proteins. Essential and non-essential amino acids.

Classification of amino acids based on R group, charge, hydrophobicity, aromatic, heterocyclic and sulfur-containing. Peptide bond. Classification of proteins based on function e.g. Structural, transport, catalytic, regulatory, hormones, antibodies and chromoproteins.

Term-II 60 marks

Note : Each unit comprises of 10 lectures and 10 marks. Unit-I : Chemistry of lipids 10 marks Classifications : Fatty acids (Odd and even C; saturated, usaturated,

branched), glycerides. Phospholipids (phosphoglycerides : Lecithins,

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cephalins, phosphoionisitides and phosphosphingolipids) Glycolipids and Lipoproteins.

Unit-II : Chemistry of Nucleic Acids 10 marks Introduction to nucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides. Organization of nucleotides in DNA and RNA Structure of B-DNA. Types of RNA : mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. Unit-III : Water-soluble Vitamins 10 marks Structure, physiological and biochemical (coenzyme) role of : Thiamine,

Riboflavin, Niacin, pyridoxine, coenzyme A, Biotin; Cyanocobalamine, Folic acid, Vitamin-C.

Unit-IV` : Fat-soluble Vitamins 10 marks Structure, physiological and biochemical/hormonal role of : Vitamin A

(with emphasis on Visual cycle), Vitamin D (and its role in bone formation), Vitamin E (with emphasis on its role as biological antioxidant) and Vitamin K (with stress on its role in blood coagulation).

Unit-V : Nutrition : Macro and Micro 10 marks Introduction, calorific values of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Class A

and Class B proteins/Essential amino acids. Essential fatty acids. Protein-/calorie malnutrition. Importance of minerals, iron, calcium, phosphorus, Iodine, Copper, Na+, K+, Zinc. Brief introduction to anaemia, rickets and Goiter.

Unit-VI : Instrumentation 10 marks Introduction to : pH metry, colorimetry, centrifugation, electrophoresis, chromatography (adsorption, Ion-exchange, gel-filtration).

LABORATORY COURSE List of Experiments :

Term-I 15 marks

1. Preparation of Molar and Normal solutions. 2. Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, pH, pka. 3. Sterilization/Autoclaving 4. Colour reactions of carbohydrates: Molisch, Iodine, Benedict’s, Barfoed’s,

Selivanoff’s and inversion tests. 5 Microscopy principle use, gram staining.

Term-II 15 marks

6. Colour reactions of proteins : Ninhydrin, Biuret, Xanthoproteic and sulphur Tests.

7. Precipitation of proteins with acids (H2SO4, HCl, CH3 COOH, Trichloro acetate or perchloric acid) alcohols, Salting out, Heat denaturation.

8. Qualitative test for cholesterol. 9. Salivary Amylase : Enzymatic hydrolysis of soluble starch to achro-dextrin (I2-

based reaction). 10. Thin-layer chromatography : separation of pigments, using silica gel G (on

glass slides using stoppered bottles).

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Book prescribed:- A Textbook of Biochemistry for Class Xi by Diwarka Sharma and Dr. Rafat Aeyesha Published by BOSE in Collaboration with Rahul enterprises Jammu.

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GEOLOGY

Theory = 120 Marks Practicals = 30 Marks

Time = 2½ hours First Term Course

Weightage: 1. Theory = 60 Marks II. Practicals = 15 Marks

Unit-I : Introduction 20 Marks

(A) Definition of Geology and its various branches Viz; Physical Geology, Mincralogy Petrology, Palaeontology, Stratigraphy, Structural Geology, Geomorphology, Economic Geology and Engineering Geology.

(B) Physical Geology (i) Weathering – Definition, Types of weathering Viz. Mechanical,

Chemical and biological Weathering. (ii) Soil formation through weathering. (iii) Weathering in relation to environment. (C) Rivers (i) Definition of river (ii) Three stages of river with example from any Indian river. (iii) The work of rivers with special reference to the study of V- Shaped

valley, Canyon & Gorges, Water falls, River terraces. Meanders, Ox-bow lakes and formation of deltas and river capture.

Unit–II : Underground Water 25 Marks

(A) (i) Definition of underground water, Juvenile water and connate water. (ii) Description of various Zones of underground water, viz, Zone of

aeration, Zone of saturation, water table. (iii) Importance of porosity and permeability in rocks in relation to groundwater. (iv) Geological work of underground water. (v) Springs-Definition. Types of Springs. (B) Glaciers (i) Definition. Formation and movement of a Glacier. (ii) Types of Glaciers with examples. (iii) Geological work of a Glacier. Study of the following features

produced by a Glacier, Viz. Cirque, and Roches-Montonees. Moraines, Drumlins, V-Shaped Valley and Fiords Unit-III : Lakes 15 Marks

(A) Lakes (i) Definition (ii) Types with from Indian lakes. (iii) Lake deposits. (B) Sea (i) Definition of sea

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(ii) Bathymetric Sub-Division of the Sea floor (iii) Geological work of sea. (C) Wind (i) Definition of wind (ii) Geological work of wind. (iii) Important features produced by Wind Erosion and deposition.

Second Term Course Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks II. Practical = 15 Marks

Unit-I : Mineralogy 25 Marks (i) Definition of a Mineral (iii) Study of the following physical properties of a Mineral Viz. Form,

Colour, Cleavage, Fracture, Hardness, Specific gravity, Lustre and streak. (iii) Moh’s scale of hardness (iv) Methods for determining specific gravity of a mineral with Walker’s steel

yard balance and Jolly’s spring balance, (v) Physical properties of the following minerals: - Talc, Gypsum, Calcite,

Fluorites, and Appetite. Orthoclase, Quartz, Topaz, Corrundum, Diamond, Muscovite and Biotitic, Graphite, Augite and Hornblende.

Ores: Chalcopyrite, Galena, Hematite, Bauxite, Graphite and sphalecite Gem Stones-Beryl, Garnet and Tourmaline

Unit-II : Petrology 15 Marks

(i) Definition of a Rock (ii) Three main types of rocks (iii) Elementary knowledge of texture and structure of rocks as seen

Magascopically. (iv) Description of the following rock types: - (a) Granite, Diorite, Gobbro and Basalt (b) Shale. Limestone, Sandstone, Conglomerate and Breccia. (c) Marble, Schist, Gneiss and Slate.

Unit-III : Paleontology, Stratigraphy and Structural Geology 20 Marks (A) (i) Definition of Stratigraphy (ii) Study of Geological Column Viz, Standard Stratographical Scale and

Indian stratigraphical scale. (B) (i) Definition of structural Geology, (ii) Elementary knowledge of Dip & Strike, (iii) Construction and working of a Clinometers Compass and its uses. (iv) Definition of a fold and a fault. (v) Description of various parts of fold and a fault. (vi) Description with sketches of the following structures. Anticline, Syncline,

Normal fault and Reverse fault. (C) (i) Definition of Palaeontology Definition of a Fossil,

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Preservation of Fossil, Use of Fossils Books Suggested: 1. A Textbook of Geology by P.K. Mukherji 2. Physical Geology by A.K. Dutta 3. A Textbook of palaeontology by S.K.Chadha 4. Ruttleys Elements of Mineralogy by H.H. Read

PRACTICALS Marks: 30

Regular Students/Private Students Term-I: 15 marks Term-II: 15 marks External: 30 marks

1. Megascopic description and identification of the following minerals: - Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Appetite, Orthoclase, Quartz, Topaz,

Corrundum, Muscovite, Biotitic, Augite, Hornblende, Hematite, Galena, Chalcopyrite, Bauxite, Graphite, Garnet, Beryl and tourmaline.

2. Megascopic description of the following rock types: - (i) Igneous: granite, Diorite, Gabbro, Basalt. (ii) Sedimentary: Shale, Sandstone, Conglomerate, Breccias and limestone. (iii) Metamorphic: Gneiss, Schist, Slate and Marble. 3. Determination of specific gravity of a mineral specimen by Walker’s steel yard

Balance/Jolly’s spring balance. 4. Sketches and description of the following structural features. Anticline, Syncline, Normal default and Reverse fault 5. Field work and Viva-Voice. The fieldwork should include collection of mineral/rock specimens and

study/identification of different geomorphological features.

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MICROBIOLOGY OBJECTIVES The broad objectives of teaching Microbiology at higher secondary level are: (i) To help the learners know and understand basic facts and concepts of the

subject at elementary stage. (ii) To expose the students to different basic processes and basic techniques used

in Microbiology. (iii) To familiarize the learners to understand the relationship of the subject to

health, nutrition, environment, agriculture and industry etc. (iv) To develop conceptual competence in the learners so as to cope up with

professional courses in future career. (v) Studying, preventing and controlling infectious disease. (vi) To develop an interest in students to study Microbiology as a discipline.

COURSE STRUCTURE Theory: 120 marks Term I : 60 marks Practicals :-10 marks Term II : 60 marks Practicals :- 10 marks Project work 10 marks

TERM I

Theory : 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours

UNIT 1: General Microbiology 20 marks Chapter I: History and importance of microbiology. Koch’s postulates, Difference

between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Introduction to microbial world: bacteria, virus, fungi and protozoa. Scope of microbiology (medical, agricultural veterinary, sanitary, environmental, industrial and food microbiology).[8]

Chapter II. Introduction to microscopy: Simple, Compound, Fluorescent, Phase

Contrast, Dark Field, Electron Microscope. .[6] Chapter III Five kingdom and three domain classification of organisms: Bacteria,

Eucarya and Archaea. [1] Unit II. Bacterial structure 20 marks

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Chapter IV: Morphology of bacteria: Shape, size and arrangement. Motility. Fine structure of bacteria: cell wall, cell membrane, outer membrane, flagella , pilli , capsule, cytoplasmic inclusions, ribosomes and nuclear material. Structure of bacterial spore. Bacterial stains: simple, Grams (gram positive Gram negative), Ziehl-Neelson (Acidfast and non acidfast), capsule and spore stain.

Unit III. Bacterial Physiology 20 Marks Chapter V. Bacterial nutrition, Physical growth parameters (Temperature, pH, oxygen

tension). Bacterial growth curve, Bacterial reproduction, Bacterial count: total and viable. Autotrophic, heterotrophic, thermophilic mesophilic, psychrophilic organisms

. Chapter VI. Cultivation of bacteria. Colony characteristics, growth media

liquid, solid, general, differential, selective, enrichment, transport) and their preparation. Cultivation methods: areobic and anaerobic. Isolation, identification and preservation of pure culture. Lyophilization.

TERM II

Theory : 60 Time : 2½ hours Unit IV: Virus Marks 20

Chapter VII: Definition: virus virion, viriods, prions and bacteriophage Historical background of virus. General characteristics of viruses. Structure of virus: capsid, nucleocapsid, envelope. Viral symmetry: icosahedral (polio virus), helical (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) and complex (pox virus). Replication of viruses. .[15]

Unit V: Protozoa Algae and Fungi Marks 15 ChapterVIII: Protozoa, Definition, general characters classification structure and reproduction: asexual and sexual Chapter IX: Fungus: Definition, general characters classification structure and reproduction. Chapter X: Algae: Definition, general characters, classification and reproduction. Unit VI: Sterilization and Disinfection Marks 25 Chapter XI: Definition: sterilization, disinfection, antisepsis, pasteurization and tyndalization. Physical agents: heat (moist/dry), desiccation, radiation, filtration and centrifugation. Chemical agents: phenol and phenolic compounds, alcohol, halogens, detergents aldehydes. Radial walker coefficient (phenol coefficient). Segregation and disposal of contaminated waste.[10]

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ChapterXII: Antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic agents: general properties and drug resistance. Antimicrobial agents: antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal. Bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents.[10]

PRACTICALS = 10 MARKS Note: Every student is required to do the following experiments during the academic

session.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Term I : U1 Max. Marks 10 1. Standard laboratory safety practices. 2. Washing of glassware. 3. Microscope: Parts, description, care, handling and procedures. 4. Gram staining. Term II. Max. Marks 10 5. Demonstration of Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria in

prepared slides. 6. Visit to govt. institutions (microbiology laboratories) for demonstration

and working of autoclave, hot air oven, laminar flow, centrifuge, glassware used in microbiology laboratory etc.

Project work with ten page write up on any one : like Gram staining, preparation

of any bacteriological growth medium, streaking of plates, isolation of any microorganism

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BUSINESS STUDIES

First Term

FOUNDATION OF BUSINESS Time : 2½ Hours Max. Marks : 75

Unit 1 : Nature and Purpose of Business 12 Marks (i) Concept and characteristics of business (ii) Business, profession and employment - distinctive features (iii) Objectives of business - economic and social (iv) Business risks - nature and causes (v) Role of profit in business (vi) A brief outline of the evolution of business activities in India

Unit 2 : Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics 8 marks (i) Concept of social responsibility (ii) Case for social responsibility and human rights (iii) Responsibility towards different interest groups: owners/investors, employees, consumers, government, community and public in general (iv) Business and environmental protection (v) Business ethics: concept and elements.

Unit 3 : Structure of Business 15 Marks (i) Classification of business activities: industry and commerce (ii) Industry and types: primary, secondary, tertiary (iii) Trade and types (iv) E-commerce - Meaning, opportunities and benefits, resources required for successful e-commerce implementation, security and safety of business transactions (v) Outsourcing of services: nature, need for and types: Financial Services, Advertising, Courier Services, Customer Support Services.

Unit 4 : Service Sector and Business 12 Marks (i) Banking, Finance and Insurance (ii) Nature and types of Financial Services (iii) Types of Banks, Functions of Commercial Banks. (iv) Insurance: Principles, types: life and general (fire and Marine) and insurance of other risks: health insurance, fidelity insurance (v) Communication (vi) Postal, Telecom (vii) Recent trends in mode of communication - meaning and uses of fax, internet and e-mail (viii)Warehousing: types and functions.

Unit 5 : Forms and Formation of Business Enterprises 16 Marks (i) Meaning features, merits and limitations of following forms: – Sole Proprietorship – Joint Hindu Family Business

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– Partnership - partnership deed (main clauses), types of partners and partnership formation, registration, – Cooperative Societies – Company: types of Companies - Private and Public Privileges of Private Company. (ii) Choice of form of business enterprise (iii) Factors to be considered for starting a business (iv) Scope of setting up small business enterprises.

Unit 6 : Sectorial Organisation of Business 12 Marks (i) Private Sector and Public Sector (ii) Forms of organizing public sector enterprises Departmental Undertaking Statutory Corporation Government Company (iii) Changing role of public sector (iv) Global Enterprises (Multinational Companies): meaning and features

Term II CORPORATE ORGANISATION, FINANCE AND TRADE

Time Allowed: 2½ Hours Max. Marks: 75 Unit 7 : Formation of a Company 12 Marks

(i) Stages in the formation of a company: (ii) Promotion (iii) Incorporation, and (iv) Commencement of business.

Unit 8 : Sources of Business Finance 20 Marks (i) Nature and Significance (ii) Types of business finance and their uses: Long, Medium and Short-term (iii) Sources of finance - owners funds and borrowed funds (iv) Meaning and characteristics of the following sources: – Equity and Preference shares – Debentures/Bonds-type (secured, unsecured; convertible, non-convertible) – Retained profits – Public deposits (v) International sources: GDRs, ADRs, FDI Institutional finance -

objectives, type of finance provided by public financial institutions, finance companies, Non-Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs), Investment trusts and mutual funds,

(vi) Institutional finance for small business (SIDBI). (vii) Special financial assistance available to industries in rural, backward

and hilly areas. Unit 9 : Internal Trade 18 Marks

(i) Meaning and types (ii) Wholesale trade – functions and services.

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(iii) Retail trade organization – meaning, types features, merits and limitations. – Itinerant and Fixed Shop. – Departmental Store, Chain Store, Mail Order Business,

Franchise, Consumer’s Co-operative Store (including Super Bazaar).

Direct marketing, Tele-marketing, Internet marketing. Unit 10 : External Trade 15 Marks

(i) Nature and importance (ii) Means of Export Promotion (iii) Incentives Available (iv) Export - Import procedure and documentation (v) Nature and importance of Export Processing Zones and Economic Zones

Suggestive/Illustrative Projects 10 Marks

(i) Find out from local sample business unit(s) the various objectives they pursue (ii) Problems of setting up and running business through questionnaires. (iii) Survey of quality of bank services in the local branch office. (iv) Study of postal and courier mail services. (v) Availability and use of agency services advertising, packing, investments in

savings schemes, etc. (vi) Survey of the popularity of credit cards issued by different banks. (vii) Study the profile of a sole trader/partnership commenting up on the nature and

working of business. (viii) Study of a Joint Hindu Family business. (ix) Study of the working of any cooperative society. (x) Study of a small business unit regarding source of finance. (xi) Nature of different traders (like hawkers and peddlers). In a specific locality in

issue of goods, capital investment, turnover. (xii) Study of weekly bazaar in a locality. (xiii) Study of franchise retail store. (xiv) Study of export/import of any article. (xv) Problems of women entrepreneurs in business . (xvi) Waste/garbage disposal. (xvii) Study of pavement trade. (xviii) Prepare a scrapbook and collect articles on the changing role of public

sector and any other topics related to the syllabus. BOOKS SUGGESTED: 1. Business studies, by P.C. Tulsian, published by Ratna Sagar, Delhi. 2. Business Studies, by Oxford university press, New Delhi.

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ACCOUNTANCY

Term I Time : 2½ Hours Max. Marks: 75

Unit 1 : Introduction to Accounting 9 marks

(i) Accounting—Meaning, Objectives, Types of Accounting, Information, Advantages and Limitations

(ii) Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Information: Reliability, Relevance, Understandability and Comparability.

(iii) Basic Accounting Terms: Business Transaction, Capital, Drawing, Liability, Asset, Revenue, Expenditure, Expense, Income, Losses and Gains, Purchases, Sales, Stock, Debtors, Receivables, Creditors, Payables.

Unit 2 : Theory Base of Accounting 9 Marks (i) Basic Assumptions: Accounting Entity, Money Measurement: Going

Concern, Accounting Period. (ii) Basic Principles: Duality, Verifiability and Objectivity of Evidence,

Historical Cost, Revenue Recognition, Matching, Full Disclosure. (iii) Modifying Principles: Materiality, Consistency, Prudence, Timeliness,

Substance Over Form, Variations in accounting practices. (iv) Accounting Standards: Meaning, nature and need.

Unit 3 : Generation of Vouchers 15 Marks (i) Origin of Transactions—Source Documents and Vouchers, Preparation

of Vourhcers (ii) Accounting Equation — Meaning and Analysis of transactions using

Accounting Equation. (iii) Rules of Debit and Credit—Assets, for Liabilities, for Capital, for

Revenue, and for Expense. (iv) Double Entry Book Keeping, Books of Original Entry, Meaning,

Format and Recording of entries: Journal, Special Purpose Books: Meaning, Utility, Format and Recording therein.

(a) Cash Book - Simple, Cash Book with Bank column and Petty Cash book.

(b) Purchase Book, Sales Book, Purchase Returns Book, Sales Returns Book, Bills Receivable Book and Bills Payable Book.

(v) Ledger — Meaning, Utility, Format, Posting from Journal Cashbook and other Special Purpose Books, Balancing of accounts.

(vi) Bank Reconciliation Statement Meaning, Need and Preparation with Correct Cash Balance.

Unit 4 : Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors 12 Marks (i) Trial Balance: Meaning, Objectives and Preparation. (ii) Errors: Types of Errors, Errors affecting Trial Balance and Errors not affecting Trial Balance (iii) Detection and Rectification of Errors.

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(iv) Suspense Account - Meaning, Utility, Preparation and Treatment of Suspense Account Balance.

Unit 5 : Depreciation, Provisions & Reserves 15 Marks (i) Depreciation: Meaning and Need for charging depreciation, Factors

affecting depreciation, (ii) Methods of depreciation-Straight Line Method, Written Down Value

Method (excluding change in method), (iii) Methods of Recording Depreciation: By charging to asset account, By

creating provision for depreciation/accumulated depreciation account. Asset Disposal Account.

(iv) Provisions and Reserves: Meaning & Importance, Need for Provision for Doubtful Debts, Provision for Discount on Debtors, Difference between Provisions and Reserves. Types of Reserves: Revenue Reserve, Capital Reserve, General Reserve and Specific Reserve.

Unit 6 : Bills of Exchange 15 Marks (i) Bills of Exchange and Promissory Note: Definition, Features, Parties,

Specimen, Distinction. (ii) Importance Terms: Term of Bill and Days of Grace, Date of Maturity,

Bill at Sight, Bill after date, Negotiation, Endorsement, Discounting of bill, Dishonour of bill, Noting of bill, Insolvency of Acceptor, Retirement and Renewal of a bill.

(iii) Accounting Treatment of bill transactions.

Term II Time : 2½ Hours Max. Marks: 75

Unit 7 : Financial Statements 24 marks (i) Financial Statements: Meaning and Users. (ii) Profit and Loss Account: Gross profit, Operating Profit and Net profit. (iii) Balance Sheet: Need, Grouping, Marshalling of Assets and Liabilities. (iv) Adjustments in preparation of Financial Statements with respect to

Closing Stock, Outstanding Expenses, Prepaid Expenses, Accrued Income, Income Received in Advance, Depreciation, Bad Debts, Provision for Bad Debts, Provision for Discount on Debtors, Manager’s Commission, Abnormal Loss, Goods sent for approval and in transit.

(v) Preparation of Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet of sole proprietorship concern.

Unit 8 : Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organisation 18 Marks (i) Not-for-Profit Organisation: Meaning and examples (ii) Receipts and Payments Account, Income and Expenditure Account: (iii) Meaning and Concept of Fund based and Non-Fund based accounting. (iv) Preparation of Income and Expenditure account and Balance Sheet

from Receipt and Payment Account with additional information. Unit 9 : Accounts from Incomplete Records 18 Marks

(i) Incomplete Records: Meaning, Uses and Limitations (ii) Ascertainment of Profit/Loss by Statement of Affairs Method.

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(iii) Preparation of Trading and Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet (with reference to missing figures in Total Debtors Account, Total Creditors Account, B/R, B/P and Cash Book and Opening Statement of Affairs)

Unit 10 : Average Due Date and Account Current 15 Marks Books Suggested:

1. Accountancy by Tulsian, published by Ratna Sager, Delhi 2. Accountancy by Mittal and others, published by V. K. Enterprises India, New Delhi.

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J &K BOSE 109

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE

Term I Time Allowed: 2½ Hours Max. Marks : 75

Unit 1 : Principles of Economics 15 Marks (i) Nature and scope of economics (ii) Relation of economics to social science like History, Political Science,

Geography, Mathematics and Statistics. (iii) Basic concepts: (a) Gives, (b) Utility, (c) Price, (d) value, (e) wealth,

(f) wants Unit 2 : Consumption 15 Marks

(i) Meaning, Kinds and importance. (ii) Laws of consumption: diminishing marginal-utility, Equi-marginal

utility, Law of consumer’s surplus, their meaning importance and limitations.

Unit 3 : Production 15 Marks (i) Meaning, characteristics. Relative importance of various factors of

production like: (a) Land, (b) Labour, (c) Capital, (d) Organisation, (e) Enterprise

Unit 4 : Demand and Pricing 15 Marks (i) Law of demand (ii) Elasticity of demand (iii) Laws of returns-increasing and constant returns. (iv) Equilibrium price determination in market. (v) Effect of change of demand and supply on equilibrium price. (vi) Form of market: prefect and imperfect (vii) Price determination under Perfect competition and monopoly.

Unit 5 : Macro Economics 15 Marks (i) National Income—concepts, measurement, problems (ii) Monetary Policy in India (iii) Fiscal Policy in India (iv) Inflation in India

Term II Time Allowed : 2½ Hours Max. Marks : 75

Unit 1 : Commercial knowledge 15 Marks (a) Definition, Scope and significance, evolution of commerce and

Industry. (b) Course of home trade transaction: Buying-selling procedure of home

transactions. (c) Terms and conditions of purchase and sale. (d) Meaning and preparation of invoice, account sale, Debit note and credit

note. Unit 2 : 15 Marks

(a) Mercantile agents: Kinds and their functions.

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(b) Negotiable instruments — Definition and essential Features Promissory note, Bills of Exchange, Cheque, Drafts, Pay order, crossing and endorsements, Dishonour of Cheque.

Unit 3 : 15 Marks (a) Bank — Its function, type of bank accounts, procedure of opening bank

accounts and their operation — remitting Money through bank, procedure for sanctioning of loans.

(b) Post Office — Service rendered by: (i) Post-Office — Registration, Money order, Business Reply letter,

VPP Postal order, certificate of Posting. (ii) Courier services.

Unit 4 : Correspondence 30 Marks (a) Meaning essentials of a good letter, Form or layout of a business letter. (b) Communication within the organization: (i) Memo writing (ii) Proposal writing (iii) Report Writing (iv) Summarizing (v) Office orders, circular, writing notes (vi) Communication with branch offices (vii) Preparing agenda, conduct of meetings, procedures, working

notes, resolutions, minutes, Action Plan and Action Taken Report. (c) Communication outside the organization: (i) Business correspondence request for quotations, tenders, orders,

drafting of sales letters, circular letters, proposals, correspondence with local and foreign customers and suppliers regarding dues, complaints, follow-up letters.

(ii) Correspondence with other bodies: Correspondence with banks regarding overdrafts, cash credit, current account Correspondence with insurance companies regarding payment, renewal of insurance premia, claims and their settlement.

Books Suggested: Economics & Business Correspondence by Tulsian published by Ratna Sager,

Mukherji Nagar Delhi in cooperation with Jammu & Kashmir State Board of School Education.

OR

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J &K BOSE 111

SECRETARIAL PRACTICE

Marks : 75 Time : 2½ hours Unit-I 15 Marks Who are a company secretary, his appointment, duties, power, responsibilities,

qualifications and position, liabilities, statutory and contractutary books. Unit- II 15 Marks Meeting:- Kinds of meeting; Procedure and conduct of meetings, notice, agenda

and minutes of meeting, quorum, proxy, voting, postponement and adjournment of meetings. Resolutions: Kinds of resolutions and rules relating thereof.

Unit-III 15 Marks Secretarial practice relating to promotion and incorporation of company, issue

of Prospectus and statement in lieu of prospectus, issue of shares and debentures.

Unit-IV 15 Marks Secretarial practice relating to: Registration of companies, filling of returns with

registrar of company, filling of income tax-return, appeals, revisions, reference and petitions.

Unit –V 15 Marks Duties of company Secretary relating to issue and allotment of shares, transfer

and failure of shares, Share certificates, contents and preparation of share certificates.

Books Suggested : 1. Element of Business Studies M/s Asha Prakashan Greh 30. Naiwala, Krol Bagh, New Delhi. 2. Secretarial Practice 7/e By Shukla, M.C. and Gulshan, S.S.

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TYPE WRITING & SHORTHAND Marks: 150

Term I Weightage: 75 Marks

A. Typewriting 40 Marks

There shall be one practical paper of 40 Marks. The paper shall contain the following exercises.

i. Passage of 350-400 words (prose) 12 Marks ii. A business letter 08 Marks

iii. A tabular Statement 12 marks. iv. Viva-Voce 08 Marks

In Viva-Voce Knowledge of (a) Key Board. (b) Function of different parts of machine (typewriter) (c) Type setting and (d) Maintenance of typewriter shall be tested The length of the above material will be in accordance with the time allowed. Accuracy and arrangement shall be given paramount importance. The speed expected of the examinees shall be 25 Words/minute. Actual time taken by the examinees in typing out the passage-shall be noted on the answer sheet.

B. Shorthand 35 marks There shall be one practical paper of 35 marks, the candidate shall be required to taken down dictation in shorthand at speed of 50 words/minute. The material for shorthand may be a passage of 600-800 words. After taking down dictation students shall be required to transcribe the same in their own handwriting in longhand. The outline of the Shorthand shall have to be attached by the candidate with the answer sheet. Distribution of Marks shall be as under:

(a) Outline 10 Marks (b) Transcription in Long hand 20 Marks

(c) Viva-voce 05 Marks

In viva-Voce Knowledge of consonants and vowels, Contractions, abbreviations, suffixes and prefixes, etc. shall be tested.

Term II Weightage: 75 Marks

A. Typewriting Marks : 35 There shall be one practical paper of 35 marks. The paper shall contain the following exercises

(a) Passage of 350-400 words 10 Marks (b) A business letter 10 Marks

(c) A tabular statement 10 Marks (d) Viva-voce 05 Marks

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B. Shorthand Marks : 40 There shall be one practical paper of 40 marks. The candidate shall be required to take down dictation in shorthand at speed 50 words/minute. The material for shorthand may be a passage of 600- 800 wards. After taking down dictation students shall be required to transcribe the same in their own hand writing in long hand. The outline of the shorthand shall have to be attached by the Candidate with the answer sheet Distribution of marks of different exercises shall be as under : (a) Outline 10 Marks (b) Transcription in long hand 20 Marks (c) Viva-Voce 10 Marks Book Recommended : Shorthand by Pitman.

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FOOD SCIENCE THEORY Marks: 120 Practical : 30

Term I Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks. Time : 2½ hours II. Practicals = 15 Marks.

Unit-I : Food in Relation to Good Health 42 marks Good health-external characteristics of a healthy person. Height-Weight, norms for

different age groups. Definitions: Food nutrients, Nutrition, optimum nutrition, Malnutrition.

Use of food in body: (Digestion, absorption, transport and utilization: brief review) Functions of food, specific functions of Nutrients, and sources of Nutrients Classification of Foods. Cheap nutritional supplements (fish, flour, soyabeans products, multi-purpose foods prepared indigenously).

Unit-II : Food Preservation 18 marks

Importance of food preservation, causes of food spoilage, Principles of food preservation, methods of food preservation.

Term II Weightage: I. Theory = 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours

II. Practicals = 15 Marks Unit-I 26 marks

Planning a balanced diet: Definition of Kilocalorie, calorie, Requirements for various age groups, Adults, School Children, Pregnancy, Lactation,

Nutrition for infants, Toddlers (Weaving foods) nutrition for invalids and convalescents. Balanced diet: requirements of various essential nutrients for different categories mentioned above.

Unit-II 22 marks Food selection & preparation: Food selection purchase and storage of perishable,

semi-perishable and non-perishable foods. Standards, weights and measures for foods. Reasons for cooking, Methods of cooking food: Moist heat: Boiling, steam-stewing, Dry heat: Roasting, grilling, baking, shallow and deep Action of heat on various nutrients and changes in nutritional values, colour. Unit : III 12 marks

Food Sanitation: Rules of safety and food hygiene. Disease Transmitted through foods. Food infection, Intoxications, food adulteration. Food Law, Food Standards EPO, PFA,ISI and Agmark.

Practicals and related experiences for unit 1 and unit 2 1. Checking their own heights and weights to determine whether they conform to

norms for Indian conditions. 2. Talk by a general physician on the signs of good and poor health. 3. Observations of children in a pediatric ward of a local hospital to note signs

and symptoms of different conditions of malnutrition. Bangle Test. 4. Prepare charts showing:

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(a) Essential constituents of a good diet; (b) Food Groups (c) Sources of food nutrients (seasonal variations) (d) Cheap nutritional supplements. 5. Preparation of fruit squashes and syrups; Preparation of Jams, murrabhas;

Preparation of Pickles. Sun-drying of foods and vegetables. Practicals and related experiences for unit 3 and unit 4

1. Practical experience in planning a day’s meal for: (a) Different income groups (b) Vegetarians; (c) Non-vegetarians; (d) Different age groups; (e) Pregnancy and lactating mothers 2. Surveys of local and regional dietary patterns (Starting with their own homes,

relatives and neighbour-hood) to determine whether diets are well balanced. 3. Study of: Effective storage techniques and equipment. Market surveys of cost and availability of foods in general use. Weighing and

measuring of foods. 4. Practical experience in preparing different daily meal including preparation of: (i) Cereals, (ii) Pulses and Legumes; (iii) Fruits; (iv) Meat, fish and eggs; (v) Milk and milk products (vi) Snacks; (viii) Simple desserts. 5. Show slides of micro-organism causing food infection charts showing rules of

food hygiene.

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J &K BOSE 116

MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES

Theory : 120 Marks Time : 2½ hours

Practicals : 30 Marks Term First Course

Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks II. Practicals = 15 Marks

Unit-I : Theory 24 marks

Definitions of Resource management, classification of family resources: Human resources; Time, energy, knowledge, skills and abilities. Material resources. All physical material resources, natural & man-made Money Management process Planning, Organising, Implementing.

Unit: II 12 marks

Housing-minimum needs for satisfactory Living: space, furniture and furnishings and equipment.

Unit : III 24 marks

Environmental aesthetics, cleanliness and Sanitation. Arrangement of furniture and functional activity and aesthetic considerations. Disinfections and pest control.

Term II

Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours II. Practicals = 15 Marks

Unit –I 24 marks Planning for use of resources on short term, long-term basis. Determining priority in

short and long term planning. A family’s philosophy, Values and priority. Unit-II 36 marks

Use of Limited resources: Time, energy, finances. Substitution of one limited resource by another. Methods of extending limited

resources by use of knowledge, skills and abilities. Labour and time saving devices and gadgets.

Income generating activities. Plan of own time, energy and money. Survey of commonly used and energy saving devices, gadgets (within the reach of areas, families); assessing their value in terms of savings in resources. Planning work areas in the house to save time and energy.

Practicals and related experiences for unit 1 and unit 2 1. Listing resources available, comparing efficient housewife’s daily routine with

that of an inefficient one. 2. Study of characteristics of a good housewife and an inefficient one. 3. Study of the Characteristics of the family that manages its resources well. 4. Planning a multipurpose room. Making floor plans on graph paper. 5. Cleaning of the house, maintenance and decoration of the house.

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6. Storage of household equipment and good market survey of furniture and furnishings, quality, design and cost.

Practicals and related experiences for unit 3 and unit 4 1. Student’s daily activities; 2. Students weekly activities; 3. Mother’s daily routine; 4. Mother’s weekly routine; 5. Student own budget 6. Family budget. Note: - 6 periods of theory teaching and one practical of 3 periods per week of 40

minutes periods. Reference / Book Suggested: (1) Food Sciences: The Educational Planning Group of Delhi Food and Nutrition : A Textbook of Home Science for Senior Students, Arya

Publishing House, Karol Bagh, New Delhi, 110005. (2) Management of Resources : The Education Planning Group of Delhi (3) Home Management : A Textbook of Home Science for Senior Students.

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PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Class XI THEORY Max. Marks: 100 Time Allowed: 2:30Hrs TERM-1 UNIT-I :CONCEPT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION 10 marks

1.1) Meaning and definition of Physical Education. 1.3) Aims and objective of physical education. 1.2) Need and importance of Physical Education

UNIT-II PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Effects of exercise on: 10 marks 2.1) Muscular system. 2.2) Circulatory system. 2.3) Respiratory system.

UNIT III PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

30 marks 3.1) Definition of psychology and sports psychology.

3.2) Achievement and motivation in sports. ii. CARRER ASPECT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION Career options in physical education. Avenues for career preparations.

UNIT-III 10 marks 4. HEALTH AND FAMILY EDUCATION 5.1) Concept and importance of health Education. 5.2) use of alcohol, tobacco and drugs and effect of abuse on individual, family, Community and sports person. 5.3) Meaning, functions, need and importance of family as a social institution. UNIT-IV

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5. DIET AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN PHYSICAL DEVEL0PMENT 10 marks

6.1) Diet and physical fitness 6.4) Obesity and its cause 6.3) Balanced diet

TERM-2 6. CONCEPT OF MAJOR GAMES/SPORTS: 30 marks KHO-KHO, BADMINTON, KABADDI, HANDBALL, ARCHERY, SKATING. 6.1) History of games 6.2) Rules, measurement of the field. 6.3) Fundamental skills. 7. OLYMPIC GAMES

7.1) History of Olympic Games. 7.2) Olympic Village, flag, rings and Torch. 7.3) IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS AND VENUES.

7.4) SPORTS AWARDS, PERSONALITIES AND SPORTS TERMINOLOGIEs PRACTICAL Total Marks: 50 1. Internal assessment 20 marks 2. External assessment 30 marks Internal assessment 20 marks Camping and nature study 10 marks Project work / record file/viva 10 marks External assessment 30 marks Physical fitness test 10 marks Skill test of game/sport 10 marks Track and field (three events) 10 marks

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Business Mathematics Objectives

The broad objectives of studying Business mathematics at senior school stage intend to help pupil to

(i) Acquire knowledge and critical understanding of basic facts, concepts, terms, principles and symbols and mastery of underlying processes and skills.

(ii) Develop essential skills in drawing geometrical figures, mathematical graphs etc.

(iii) Develop ability to analyse, to draw interference and to generate the collected evidences and data

(iv) Apply the knowledge and skill acquired to solve problems.

(v) Develop positive attitude to thinks, analyze and articulate logically.

(vi) Develop interest in the subject by participating in related competitions.

(vii) Develop necessary skills to work with modern technological devices such as calculators and computers.

(Vi). Develop awareness about Stock exchange Market particularly Shares, Stocks, debentures

Term I: Maximum Marks: 75 Chapter 1. Sets 6 Chapter 2. Relations and Functions 6 Chapter 3. Mathematical Induction 4 Chapter 4. Logarithms 6 Chapter 5. Complex numbers 6 Chapter 6. Linear Inequations 6 Chapter 7. Quadratic equations 8 Chapter 8. Sequences and series 8 Chapter 9. Trigonometry 25 Term II : Maximum Marks: 75 Chapter 10. Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates 6 Chapter 11. Straight Lines and Family of Straight lines 6 Chapter 12. Circles 6 Chapter 13. Conic Sections 6 Chapter 14. Permutations and Combinations 6 Chapter 15. Binomial Theorem 6 Chapter 16. Exponential and Logarithmic Series 6 Chapter 17. Mathematical Logic 6

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Chapter 18. Statistics 6 Chapter 19. Stocks, Shares and debentures 9 Chapter 20. Average and Partition Values 6 Chapetr 21. Index Numbers 6 Term I Maximum Marks:75 Time : 2½ hrs

Chapter 1 : Sets Sets and their representations, Finite and infinite sets, Empty sets, Equal sets,

Subsets, Power sets, Universal sets, Venn diagrams, Complement of a set, Operations on sets, (union, intersection and difference of two sets), Applications of set.

Chapter 2: Relations and Functions Ordered pairs, Cartesian product of sets, Relations, domain and range. Functions

into and onto functions, one – one onto functions, Constant functions, Identity function, Composition of functions, Invertible functions, Binary operations, Chapter 3: Mathematical Induction

The principle of mathematical induction, Simple applications. Chapter 4: Logarithms

Meaning of logarithm of a number to a given base a, a >0,a ≠1, Laws of logarithms including change of base, Common logarithm (Base10), Characteristic and mantissa, Antilogarithms, decay (depreciation). Chapter 5: Complex numbers

Complex numbers in the form a + ib, Real and imaginary parts of a complex number, complex conjugate, Argand diagrams, Representation of a complex number by a point in a plane, Modulus and argument of a complex number, Algebra of complex number Triangle inequality;

/Z1+Z2/ ≤ /Z1/ + /Z2/ and also /Z1 Z2/ = Z1/./Z2/ , Polar representation of a complex number, Square root of a complex number, cube roots of unity. Chapter 6: Linear Inequations

Solution of a linear Inequations in one variable and its graphical representation, Solution of system of linear Inequations in one variable, Graphical solutions of linear Inequations in two variables, solution of system of linear Inequations in two variables. Chapter 7 : Quadratic Equations

Solution of quadratic equation in the complex number system by (i) Factorization (ii) Using formula relation between roots and coefficients, Nature of roots, Formation of quadratic equations with given roots, Symmetric function of roots, Equations reducible to quadratic forms.

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Chapter 8 : Sequences and Series Sequence and examples of finite and infinite sequences, Arithmetic progression (A

P) first term, common difference and nth term, Sum to n terms of an A P. Arithmetic mean (A .M.), insertion of arithmetic mean between any two given numbers; Geometric progression (G. P.), first term common ratio and nth term, Sum to n terms and infinite number of term of a G.P., Recurring decimal numbers as geometric series, Geometric mean (G. M.) insertion of geometric means between any two given number. Harmonic progression, Harmonic Mean (H.M), relationship among A.M., G.M., and H.M., Arithmetico- geometric series, sum to n terms and sum of infinite arithmetic- geometric series, Special series Σn, Σn2, Σn3, Sum of series using above special series, Chapter 9: Trigonometry

Degree measure and radian measure of positive and negative angle, relation between degree and radian, Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of a unit circle, periodic functions, concepts of periodicity of trigonometric functions, Values of trigonometric functions of x for x =0, π/6, π/4, π/3, π/2, π, 3π/2, 2π. Trigonometric functions of sum and difference of numbers:

Sin (x ± y) = Sinx Cosy ± Cosx Siny;

Cos (x ± y) = Cosx Cosy ± Cosx Siny;

Tan (x ± y) =

y = sin x, y = cos x, y = tan x, y = a sin x, y = a cos x, y = a sin bx, y = a cos bx.

tan x ± tan y

1± tan x tan y Sin (2 ± x) = ± Sin x, Cos(2p ± x) = Cosx,Cos (- x) = Cos x.

Sin (- x ) = - sin x, cos = ± sin x, sin = cos x, cos (π ± x) = - cos x, Sin (π ± x) = ± Sin x,

Trigonometric functions of multiples and submultiples of numbers,

Sin 2 x = 2sinx Cosx, Cos2x = 1 – 2sin2x = 2 Cos2x –1 = Cos2 x – Sin2 x,

Sin 3x = 3sin X – 4 Sin3 x, Cos3x = 4cos3x – 3cos x,

Tan 3x = Sin x + Sin y= 2sin cos x + cos y = 2cos

sin x – sin y = 2cos

cos x – cos y = - 2sin

Conditional identities for the angles of a triangle, Graph of the following trigonometric functions :

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Solution of Trigonometric equations of the type sinθ = sinα, cosθ = cosα tanθ= tanα, and equations reducible to these forms, Solution of triangles: Proof and applications of the following formulae:

i) = = b

2+c

2–a

2

ii) cosA = ——— , etc. 2bc

iii) a = b cos C + c cos B etc

iv) Sin A/2 = etc. v) Cos A/2 = , etc. vi) =( ½ )bc sin A, etc. Problems on heights and distances, Concept of inverse

Trigonometric functions and their use to reduce expressions to simplest forms

i) Sin-1 (sin x) = x and other similar formulae. ii) Sin-1 (1/x) = cosec-1 x and other similar formulae. iii) Sin-1 (-x) = - sin-1 x, tan –1 (-x) = - tan 1x Cosec-1 (-x) = – cosec-1x, cos-1(-x) = π -cos-1 x, Sec-1 (-x) = π - sec-1x, cot-1(-x) = π -cot-1x. iv) Sin-1x + cos-1 x = π/2, tan-1x + cot-1x = π/2, Cosec-1 x + sec-1 x = π/2 v) Tan-1 x + tan-1 y = tan-1 , xy < 1 vi) Tan-1x – tan-1y = tan-1 , xy > –1 vii) 2tan-1x = sin-1 = cos-1 = tan-1 · |x| < 1

Term II Maximum marks: 75 Time : 2½ hrs Chapter 10: Cartesian System of Rectangular Coordinates

Recall of Cartesian system of coordinates in a plane. Distance formula, Section formula, Centroid and in centre, Area of a triangle, condition for the collinearity of three points in a plane. Slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, Intercepts of a line on the coordinate axes,Locus and its equation. Chapter 11: Straight line and family of straight lines

Various forms of equations of a line- Parallel to axes, ‘Slope’ intercept form, point slope form, Symmetric form, Parametric equations of a lines, Two point form, Intercept form, Normal form, General form, Intersection of lines, Equations of bisectors of angle between two lines. Angle between two lines, conditions for concurrency of three lines. Distance of a point from a line, Equations of family of lines through the intersection of two lines, translation of axes.

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Chapter12: Circles Standard form of the equation of a circle, General form of the equation of a circle,

its radius and center, Equation of the circle in the parametric form, Equation of a circle when the end points of a diameter are given, Points of intersection of a line and a circle with centre at the origin, Condition for a line to be tangent to the given circle, Equation of a tangent to a circle and length of the tangent. Chapter 13: Conic section

Sections of a cone, Equations of conic sections (Parabola, Ellipse and hyperbola) in standard form, application. Chapter 14: Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental principle of counting. The factorial notation, Permutation as an arrangement, Meaning of p (n, r), Combination, meaning of c (n, r), Applications of permutations and combinations. Chapter 15: Binomial Theorem

Statement of Binomial Theorem, Proof of Binomial theorem for positive integral exponent using principle of mathematical induction and also by combinatorial method, General and middle terms in binomial expansions, Properties of Binomial coefficients, Binomial theorem for any index (without proof), application of Binomial theorem. Chapter 16: Exponential and logarithmic series

Concept of e as the sum of an infinite series, proof of 2 <e<3,Exponential function (ex)

x x2 as the infinite series, 1 + –— + —– + …..... and its graph 1! 2!

Logarithmic function (loge x) and its graph. The infinite series for loge (1 +x ), loge (1 – x)

Chapter 17: Mathematical Logic

Statement, Use of Venn diagrams in logic, Negation operation, Basic logical connectives and compound statements including their negations, Truth tables, Tautology, Duality, Algebra of statements, Applications of logic in solving simple problems.

Chapter 18: Statistics

Mean deviation for ungrouped data, Variation for grouped and ungrouped data, Standard deviation.

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Chapter 19: Stocks, Shares and Debentures Shares and their types, Face value and market value of a share and dividend, Stock

and Brokerage, Calculation of income on stocks and shares. Market value of a stock, Sale and purchase of stocks, Shares, debentures their sale/purchase and income thereon

Chapter 20: Average and Partition Values Types of averages, mode and median, Partition values, quartiles, deciles and

percentiles, Computation of partition values, Merits and Demerits of different partition values.

Chapter 21: Index Numbers Index numbers- definitions and uses, Construction of index numbers, Aggregate

method, Simple average of relative methods using arithmetic mean and problems.

Book Prescribed : Mathematics for class 11th part A and C by A.K.Roy

.. Published by Oxford University Press in Cooperation with J&K State Board of School Education..

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MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES

Theory : 120 Marks Time : 2½ hours

Practicals : 30 Marks

Term First Course

Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks

II. Practicals = 15 Marks

Unit-I : Theory 24 marks Definitions of Resource management, classification of family resources: Human

resources; Time, energy, knowledge, skills and abilities. Material resources. All physical material resources, natural & man-made Money Management process Planning, Organising, Implementing.

Unit: II 12 marks Housing-minimum needs for satisfactory Living: space, furniture and furnishings

and equipment.

Unit : III 24 marks Environmental aesthetics, cleanliness and Sanitation. Arrangement of furniture and

functional activity and aesthetic considerations. Disinfections and pest control.

Term II

Weightage : I. Theory = 60 Marks Time : 2½ hours

II. Practicals = 15 Marks

Unit –I 24 marks Planning for use of resources on short term, long-term basis. Determining priority in

short and long term planning. A family’s philosophy, Values and priority.

Unit-II 36 marks Use of Limited resources: Time, energy, finances.

Substitution of one limited resource by another. Methods of extending limited resources by use of knowledge, skills and abilities. Labour and time saving devices and gadgets.

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Income generating activities. Plan of own time, energy and money. Survey of commonly used and energy saving devices, gadgets (within the reach of areas, families); assessing their value in terms of savings in resources. Planning work areas in the house to save time and energy.

Practicals and related experiences for unit 1 and unit 2

1. Listing resources available, comparing efficient housewife’s daily routine with that of an inefficient one.

2. Study of characteristics of a good housewife and an inefficient one.

3. Study of the Characteristics of the family that manages its resources well.

4. Planning a multipurpose room. Making floor plans on graph paper.

5. Cleaning of the house, maintenance and decoration of the house.

6. Storage of household equipment and good market survey of furniture and furnishings, quality, design and cost.

Practicals and related experiences for unit 3 and unit 4

1. Student’s daily activities;

2. Students weekly activities;

3. Mother’s daily routine;

4. Mother’s weekly routine;

5. Student own budget

6. Family budget.

Note : - 6 periods of theory teaching and one practical of 3 periods per week of 40 minutes periods.

Reference / Book Suggested : (1) Food Sciences : The Educational Planning Group of Delhi

Food and Nutrition : A Textbook of Home Science for Senior Students, Arya Publishing House, Karol Bagh, New Delhi, 110005.

(2) Management of Resources : The Education Planning Group of Delhi

(3) Home Management : A Textbook of Home Science for Senior Students.